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Arq. gastroenterol ; 43(3): 163-167, jul.-set. 2006. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese, English | LILACS | ID: lil-439775

ABSTRACT

RACIONAL: Considerando que o comprometimento linfonodal é o fator determinante no estádio, prognóstico e, conseqüentemente, na indicação de terapia adjuvante em câncer de cólon, e sendo esta responsável pelo aumento significativo na sobrevida global desses pacientes, os métodos para estádio devem conferir a maior precisão possível para que todos os pacientes com doença linfonodal maligna possam se beneficiar desta terapêutica na sua sobrevida global. O estudo do linfonodo sentinela vem progressivamente sendo mais valorizado no sentido de conferir maior precisão nesse estádio, bem como no prognóstico do câncer de cólon. OBJETIVO: Identificar o linfonodo sentinela e melhor estudar o status linfonodal no câncer de cólon. PACIENTES E MÉTODOS: Foram randomizados prospectivamente 31 pacientes com câncer de cólon em dois grupos: no primeiro, o linfonodo sentinela foi identificado usando-se corante azul patente e no segundo houve adição de colóide radioativo marcado com 99mTecnécio. RESULTADOS: Pelo menos um linfonodo sentinela foi identificado em 100 por cento dos casos. O número médio de linfonodo sentinela por paciente foi de 1,96, variando de 1 a 3. A adição do método cintigráfico transoperatório acrescentou cinco linfonodos sentinela, que não haviam sido identificados pelo corante. Em quatro casos (12,9 por cento) apenas o linfonodo sentinela se revelou positivo para malignidade, sendo este comprometimento identificado por hematoxilina e eosina com adição de imunoistoquímica. Nesta casuística não foi identificada drenagem linfática aberrante. CONCLUSÃO: Os métodos são viáveis, seguros, complementares e acrescentam acuidade ao estádio desses tumores.


BACKGROUND AND AIM: Considering that lymph node status is a key factor in colorectal cancer staging, and the main determinant for adjuvant therapy of colorectal cancer being this therapy, responsible for a significant increase in colorectal cancer patients survival, the staging methods should be the most accurate possible in order to offer this individuals the opportunity to be adequate treated in order to achieve the best survival possible. Sentinel lymph node study is progressively being popularized as a method that increases sensibility in detect positive nodes to reveal a more accurate stage and prognosis in colorectal cancer patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty one colorectal cancer patients were prospectively studied and sentinel lymph node was identified in 100 percent of the cases utilizing either patent blue alone, or in association with radiotracer based on technetium 99m colloid solution in a randomized fashion. RESULTS: The mean number of sentinel nodes per patient was 1.96 ranging from 1 to 3 nodes. With the addition of transoperative lymphocintigraphy five extra sentinel nodes, not identified by the blue dye alone, were identified and considered for histopathology study. In four cases (12.9 percent) the sentinel lymph node was the only site of metastasis, all of them being detected by association of hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemical examination. CONCLUSION: Sentinel lymph node detection and analysis is feasible, technique is relatively simple and is able to produce upstage in clorectal cancer. Blue staining and radio guided techniques are both safe and their superposition has shown good results in terms of increase accuracy in our experience. There was no aberrant lymph drainage that would alter resection margins in patients studied. Upstaging rate, identifying potential candidates for adjuvant therapy was 12.9 percent (4/31). To this individuals chemotherapy could be a chance to increase their global survival.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Adenocarcinoma/secondary , Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology , Lymph Node Excision , Rosaniline Dyes , Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy/standards , Adenocarcinoma/surgery , Colectomy , Colorectal Neoplasms/surgery , Immunohistochemistry , Lymphatic Metastasis , Neoplasm Staging , Prospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
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