ABSTRACT
La principal entidad hereditaria con depósitos de lípidos en el estroma corneal es la distrofia cristalina central, conocida como distrofia de Schnyder, quien la describió en Suiza en 1927. Se caracteriza por depósitos blanco-amarillentos en el estroma corneal central y superficial. Se presenta un paciente de 28 años, del sexo masculino y piel negra, con antecedente de salud anterior. Acudió a consulta y refirió una disminución de la visión y cambio de coloración progresiva de ambos ojos, de años de evolución. En la exploración oftalmológica de ambos ojos se apreciaron lesiones blanquecinas anulares a nivel del estroma corneal, con ligera turbidez corneal central. Los estudios refractivos realizados constataron un astigmatismo hipermetrópico simple. El resto del examen oftalmológico fue negativo. Para el diagnóstico de certeza se empleó el microscopio confocal. Se concluye que el caso presenta una distrofia corneal estromal de tipo cristalina, de Schnyder.
Central crystalline dystrophy known as Schnyder´s dystrophy, called like this because he was the first one to describe it in 1927 in Switzerland, is the main inherited entity with liquid deposits in the corneal stroma. This disease is characterized by white-yellow deposits into the central and superficial corneal stroma. A 28 years old black male patient, with previous history of health problems, went to the doctor´s office and mentioned visual reduction and progressive coloring changes in both eyes that had lasted some years. Ophthalmologic examination of both eyes showed annular white lesions at the corneal stroma, with light central corneal haze. Simple hypermetropic astigmatism was detected in the refractive exams. The rest of ophthalmologic exams was negative. For more secure diagnosis, confocal microscope was used. It was concluded that the patient had stromal corneal dystrophy, or Schnyder´s crystalline dystrophy.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Astigmatism/diagnosis , Microscopy, Confocal/instrumentation , Corneal StromaABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos do implante de anel corneano intra-estromal sobre a curvatura da córnea em coelhos. MÉTODOS: Trinta olhos de 15 coelhos foram divididos em 2 grupos: o primeiro com 7 e o segundo com 8 animais. O olho esquerdo foi operado e o direito serviu de controle nos 2 grupos. Paquimetria ultra-sônica e ceratoscopia computadorizada foram realizadas no pré-operatório; biomicroscopia de segmento anterior e ceratoscopia computadorizada, no pós-operatório. No grupo 1, foi realizado implante de dois segmentos de anel. No grupo 2, os segmentos foram implantados separadamente. Compararam-se os achados topográficos do pré e do pós-operatório por meio de alterações quantitativas e qualitativas em 4 quadrantes. RESULTADOS: A análise quantitativa no pré-operatório não demonstrou diferença significativa entre os grupos. No grupo experimento 1, houve abaulamento corneano nos setores nasal (p=0,02) e temporal (p=0,04), na comparação com o grupo controle 1. No grupo experimento 2, observou-se o mesmo fato (p=0,02 nasal e temporal) quando comparado ao grupo controle 2. Após implante do segundo segmento, observou-se aplanamento significativo nos setores superior e inferior e abaulamento nos setores nasal e temporal (p=0,02 para todos os quadrantes). Pela análise qualitativa, observou-se astigmatismo uniforme nos grupos controle 1 e 2. No grupo experimento 1, observou-se astigmatismo simétrico contra a regra. No grupo experimento 2, observou-se astigmatismo contra a regra assimétrico, após implante do primeiro segmento, e simétrico, após o segundo implante. CONCLUSÃO: Observou-se aplanamento corneano significativo no eixo onde se localizam as extremidades do segmento de anel e abaulamento nos setores onde se localiza seu corpo. O implante de apenas um segmento induz astigmatismo assimétrico.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of intrastromal corneal ring implantation on corneal curvature in rabbits. METHODS: Thirty eyes of 15 rabbits were divided into two groups: group 1 with 7 animals and group 2 with 8 animals. The left eye underwent surgery and the right eye was used as control. Ultrasound pachymetry and corneal topography were performed prior to surgery. Anterior segment biomicroscopy and corneal topography were performed after surgery. In group 1, implantation of two ring segments was performed. In group 2, ring segments were implanted separately. Topographical findings, before and after surgery, were compared through quantitative and qualitative alterations and divided into four quadrants. RESULTS: Quantitative analysis showed no significant difference between the groups in the preoperative period. Experiment group 1 showed nasal (p=0.02) and temporal (p=0.04) corneal steepening, compared to control group 1. Experiment group 2 showed nasal and temporal corneal steepening and superior and inferior corneal flattening (p=0.02 for all quadrants) compared to the control group 2. Qualitative analysis showed uniform astigmatism in both control groups. In experiment group 1, against-the-rule regular symmetrical astigmatism was observed after surgery. In experiment group 2, against-the-rule regular asymmetrical astigmatism was found after implantation of the first ring segment, and against the rule regular symmetrical astigmatism was observed after implantation of the second segment. CONCLUSION: In this study, significant corneal flattening occurred in quadrants where ring segments extremities were located and corneal steepening was observed in quadrants where its body was located. Implantation of one ring segment induces asymmetrical astigmatism.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rabbits , Cornea/anatomy & histology , Cornea/physiology , Corneal Stroma/surgery , Prosthesis Implantation/adverse effects , Astigmatism/etiology , Corneal Topography , Cornea , Microscopy, Acoustic , Models, Animal , Postoperative Period , Preoperative Care , Random Allocation , Statistics, Nonparametric , Time FactorsABSTRACT
O objetivo deste trabalho é alertar o oftalmologista da possibilidade de se deparar com casos raros de distrofias corneanas. Neste caso correlacionamos os achados clínicos da distrofia amorfa posterior com refração, topografia e biomicroscopia ultra-sônica.
The purpose of this paper is to warn the ophthalmologist about the possibility of facing rare cases of corneal dystrophies. Clinical findings of a case of posterior amorphous dystrophy were correlated with refraction, topography, and ultrasound biomicroscopy.