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Objective To explore the correlation of progesterone and expression of extrasynaptic δ-subunits containing γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptors (δGABA
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Background: The effect of aqueous stem bark extract of Anogeissus leiocarpus (AEAL) on the reproductive cycle of adult female Wistar rat and the serum levels of ovarian hormones (estradiol and progestin) was studied. Methods: Twenty-four (24) adult female Wistar rats were used. Rats were divided into groups (I - IV; n=6). Group I was control and received distilled water; groups II, III and IV received AEAL (200mg/kg, 400mg/kg, and 600mg/kg, oral, respectively) for the period of six (6) weeks. The estrous cycle changes were determined by daily observation of vaginal smear, while serum levels of estradiol and progestin was compared after the extract administration-using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kits. Results: Result showed significant (p< 0.05) increase in the levels of serum progesterone and estradiol in groups II and III treatment; 19% higher when compared to the control. Treatment with AEAL at doses 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg prolonged di-estrus and estrus phases of the rats’ estrous cycle. The increase in the duration of the two phases (diestrus and estrus) was dose dependent, significant (p<0.05) when compared to the control. Conclusion: AEAL has effect on the reproductive cycle and serum levels of ovarian hormones of Wistar rats, hence of potential use in fertility related studies.
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Collared peccaries (Peccary tajacu) are among the most hunted species in Latin America due the appreciation of their pelt and meat. In order to optimize breeding management of captive born collared peccaries in semiarid conditions, the objective was to describe and correlate the changes in the ovarian ultrasonographic pattern, hormonal profile, vulvar appearance, and vaginal cytology during the estrus cycle in this species. During 45 days, females (n=4) were subjected each three days to blood collection destined to hormonal dosage by enzyme immunoassay (EIA). In the same occasions, evaluation of external genitalia, ovarian ultrasonography and vaginal cytology were conducted. Results are presented as means and standard deviations. According to hormonal dosage, six estrous cycles were identified as lasting 21.0 ± 5.7 days, being on average 6 days for the estrogenic phase and 15 days for the progesterone phase. Estrogen presented mean peak values of 55.6 ± 20.5 pg/mL. During the luteal phase, the high values for progesterone were 35.3 ± 4.4 ng/mL. The presence of vaginal mucus, a reddish vaginal mucosa and the separation of the vulvar lips were verified in all animals during the estrogenic peak. Through ultrasonography, ovarian follicles measuring 0.2±0.1 cm were visualized during the estrogen peak. Corpora lutea presented hyperechoic regions measuring 0.4±0.2 cm identified during luteal phase. No significant differences (P>0.05) between proportions of vaginal epithelial cells were identified when comparing estrogenic and progesterone phases. In conclusion, female collared peccaries, captive born in semiarid conditions, have an estral cycle that lasts 21.0±5.7 days, with estrous signs characterized by vulvar lips edema and hyperemic vaginal mucosa, coinciding with developed follicles and high estrogen levels.(AU)
Os catetos (Peccary tajacu) estão entre as espécies mais caçadas na América Latina devido a apreciação de seu couro e carne. No intuito de otimizar o manejo produtivo de catetos nascidos em cativeiro sob condições semiáridas, o objetivo foi descrever e correlacionar as modificações verificadas no padrão ultrassonográfico ovariano, o perfil hormonal, a aparência vulvar, e a citologia vaginal durante o ciclo estral nesta espécie. Durante 45 dias, fêmeas (n=4) foram submetidas a coleta de sangue destinado a dosagem hormonal por meio de teste imuno-enzimático (EIA). Na mesma ocasião, foram conduzidas a avaliação da genitália externa, a ultrassonografia ovariana e a citologia vaginal. Os resultados são apresentados com média e desvio padrão De acordo com a dosagem hormonal, foram identificados seis ciclos estrais, com duração 21,0±5,7 dias, sendo em média 6 dias de fase estrogênica e 15 dias de fase progesterônica. O estrógeno apresentou valores médios de pico de 55,6±20,5pg/mL. Durante a fase luteal, os valores mais altos alcançados pela progesterona foram 35,3±4,4ng/mL. A presença de muco vaginal, mucosa vaginal hiperêmica e separação dos lábios vulvares foi identificada em todos os animais durante o pique estrogênico. Por meio da ultrassonografia, folículos ovarianos medindo 0,2±0,1cm foram visualizados durante o pique estrogênico. Corpos lúteos apresentando regiões hiperecóicas medindo 0,4±0,2 cm foram identificados na fase luteal. Nenhuma diferença significativa (P>0,05) entre as proporções de células epiteliais vaginais foram identificadas quando comparadas as fases estrogênica e progesterônica. Em conclusão, fêmeas de cateto, nascidas em cativeiro sob condições semiáridas, apresentam um ciclo estral que dura 21,0±5,7 dias, com sinais de estro caracterizados por edema de lábios vulvares e hiperemia da mucosa vaginal, coincidindo com desenvolvimento de folículos ovarianos e elevados níveis de estrógeno.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Ovary/diagnostic imaging , Artiodactyla/anatomy & histology , Artiodactyla/physiology , Estrous Cycle/physiologyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate Ficus asperifolia (Moraceae) (F. asperifolia) effecting on regular estrus cycle of Wistar rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Air-dried fruits of F. asperifolia were extracted using water. Prior to the test, vaginal smear was monitored daily for a 3-week period to select females with normal (regular) estrous cycle. Those with regular estrus cycle weighing between 150-170 g were randomized into three sets of 15 animals each. Each set was then divided into three groups: Group 1 (control) was orally administered with distilled water (10 mL/kg body weight) once a day for 1 week starting from the proestrus stage. Groups 2 and 3 were respectively treated with 100 and 500 mg/kg body weight of the plant aqueous extract. The two other sets of 15 animals each were similarly treated as the first set for 3 weeks and 6 weeks respectively. Estrus cycle pattern was monitored before and during plant extract application whereas lipid profile, ovary, uterus and liver growth indices were determined at the end of each treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>F. asperifolia did not disrupt (0%) the order of appearance of normal estrus cycle stages, namely, proestrus, estrus, metestrus and diestrus. Short-term treatment (1 week duration) exhibited high frequency of appearance of proestrus and estrus stages while mid- (3 weeks) and long-term (6 weeks) treatments revealed constancy in the frequency of all stages irrespective to animal groups. The plasma and organ lipid profile, as well as ovary, uterus and liver growth remained unchanged when compared to distilled water-treated animals. Following long-term administration of plant extract (6 weeks), no adverse effect was noticed.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Our data partially support the use of F. asperifolia in common medicine.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Rats , Administration, Oral , Estrus , Fertility Agents, Female , Pharmacology , Ficus , Chemistry , Plant Extracts , Chemistry , Pharmacology , Rats, Wistar , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate Ficus asperifolia (Moraceae) (F. asperifolia) effecting on regular estrus cycle of Wistar rats. Methods: Air-dried fruits of F. asperifolia were extracted using water. Prior to the test, vaginal smear was monitored daily for a 3-week period to select females with normal (regular) estrous cycle. Those with regular estrus cycle weighing between 150-170 g were randomized into three sets of 15 animals each. Each set was then divided into three groups:Group 1 (control) was orally administered with distilled water (10 mL/kg body weight) once a day for 1 week starting from the proestrus stage. Groups 2 and 3 were respectively treated with 100 and 500 mg/kg body weight of the plant aqueous extract. The two other sets of 15 animals each were similarly treated as the first set for 3 weeks and 6 weeks respectively. Estrus cycle pattern was monitored before and during plant extract application whereas lipid profile, ovary, uterus and liver growth indices were determined at the end of each treatment. Results: F. asperifolia did not disrupt (0%) the order of appearance of normal estrus cycle stages, namely, proestrus, estrus, metestrus and diestrus. Short-term treatment (1 week duration) exhibited high frequency of appearance of proestrus and estrus stages while mid- (3 weeks) and long-term (6 weeks) treatments revealed constancy in the frequency of all stages irrespective to animal groups. The plasma and organ lipid profile, as well as ovary, uterus and liver growth remained unchanged when compared to distilled water-treated animals. Following long-term administration of plant extract (6 weeks), no adverse effect was noticed. Conclusions: Our data partially support the use of F. asperifolia in common medicine.
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El entendimiento de los factores que regulan el ciclo estral de la vaca es un componente esencial del manejo reproductivo en las fincas ganaderas. El incremento en la utilización de mano de obra calificada y especialistas en reproducción, así como la implementación de programas de inseminación artificial, sincronización del ciclo estral y transferencia de embriones han venido acentuando esta necesidad. La alta incidencia de actividad de monta durante la noche y los cortos periodos de duración del estro hacen de la detección de celos una tarea nada fácil, lo que parcialmente explicaría por qué la detección de calores es, después de la mastitis, la problemática número uno en muchas ganaderías y por qué la subfertilidad las hembras se constituye en una de las principales razones de descarte del hato.
Complet understanding of factors involved with estrous cycle in cows is an essential topic for reproductive managment in dairy and beef herds. Recent increases in different biotechnologies such as artificial insemination, multiple ovulation and embryo transfer programs .have the primary base in this concern. The high incidence in night mounting activity and short time cycles means that estrus detection is very important and too difficult, and has showed how this work is a big problem in livestock, and subfertility in many heifers and cows is one of the principal causes for culling of the herd.
Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle/physiology , Estrous Cycle , PhysiologyABSTRACT
0.05).Immunohistochemical analysis showed the same expression pattern of TACE in endometrium as RT-PCR.Conclusion:TACE may play a key role in cyclic changes of normal endometrium through proteolytic removal of the extracellular domain of multiple ligands of EGFR family to release their extracellular domains which is capable of activating EGFR signal way.