Evaluación y acreditación de especialidades de posgrado en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Camagüey / Evaluation and accreditation of postgraduate specialties at the University of Medical Sciences of Camagüey

RESUMEN Fundamento: La evaluación y acreditación de especialidades de posgrado es un proceso voluntario mediante el cual una organización de salud es capaz de medir la calidad de sus servicios y el rendimiento de los mismos frente a estándares reconocidos a nivel nacional o internacional. Objetivo: Describir los resultados de la evaluación y acreditación de especialidades de posgrado en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Camagüeydesde el año 2018 hasta la actualidad. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal. El universo estuvo constituido por 37 especialidades con créditos académicos actualizados, lo que las certifica como programas aptos para presentarse a un proceso de evaluación externa. Para el análisis estadístico de las variables cualitativa estudiadas, se emplearon números absolutos y por ciento para el resumen de la información. Los resultados se expresaron en texto y tablas estadísticas. Resultados: De las 37 especialidades con créditos académicos actualizadosnueve fueron acreditadas, siete de ellas con categorías superior de excelencia, dos con categoría de certificada. Conclusiones: Desde el año 2018 a la actualidad de las 37 especialidades con créditos académicos actualizados se han evaluado y acreditado nueve programas de especialidades, además existen ocho con expedientes de autoevaluación para someterse al proceso de evaluación externa virtual.

ABSTRACT Background: The evaluation and accreditation of postgraduate specialties is a voluntary process through which a health organization is able to measure the quality of its services and their performance against nationally or internationally recognized standards. Objective: Describe the results of the evaluation and accreditation of postgraduate specialties at the University of Medical Sciences of Camagüey from 2018 to the present. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out. The universe consisted of 37 specialties with updated academic credits, which certifies them as suitable programs to be submitted to an external evaluation process. For the statistical analysis of the qualitative variables studied, absolute numbers and percent were used for the summary of the information. The results were expressed in text and statistical tables. Results: Of the 37 specialties with updated academic credits, nine were accredited, seven of them with superior categories of excellence, two with certified categories. Conclusions: From 2018 to the present of the 37 specialties with updated academic credits, nine specialty programs have been evaluated and accredited, in addition there are eight with self-evaluation files to undergo the virtual external evaluation process.

Discussion on the on-site audit management of practicing qualification certification of human organ transplantation / 器官移植

Human organ transplantation is an effective method to treat organ failure and save the life of patients. The practicing qualification certification of human organ transplantation is recognized as an administrative examination and approval item of the national health authority. National health authorities shall organize experts to conduct on-site audit of medical institutions that have applied for practicing qualification certification and have passed preliminary supervision at the provincial level. In this article, the management of on-site audit on the practicing qualification certification of human organ transplantation was illustrated and discussed from the practical significance, principles and highlights of on-site audit, and key points during on-site audit, aiming to provide reference for ensuring high-quality development of organ transplantation and strengthening the management of practicing qualification certification of human organ transplantation in medical institutions.

Detección de nudos críticos para la disminución del tiempo de espera en atención de prolapso de órganos pélvicos en hospital público chileno / Detecting critical knots to decrease the waiting time when caring the pelvic organ prolapse in a chilean public hospital

Resumen Introducción: El problema que se presenta en la atención de salud en los hospitales públicos es la alta cantidad de pacientes, generando un sostenido crecimiento en las listas de espera y provocando un aumento del tiempo de espera, generando un impacto negativo en los usuarios. Objetivo: Mejorar el proceso clínico de atención del prolapso de órganos pélvicos de un hospital público chileno. Metodología: Se identifican nudos críticos mediante diagramas de flujo, realizando un diagnóstico del proceso desde el ingreso del paciente hasta su alta del hospital. Resultados: Se identifican cada uno de los puntos críticos y se proponen soluciones para agilizar el proceso y con ello mejorar la atención a las usuarias, lo que en definitiva llevó a una disminución del tiempo de espera y, lo más relevante, a una disminución en la cantidad de personas en la lista de espera.

Abstract Introduction: The high number of patients is a common issue in public hospitals that causes a negative impact on the users due to the increment in the waiting lists and in the waiting time to be treated. Objective: To improve the clinical process for caring pelvic organ prolapse in a chilean public hospital. Methodology: The methodology was focused on identifying critical knots using flowcharts and diagnosing the patient's process from their admission until their discharge from the hospital. Results: Some solutions were proposed for each critical point identified so as to accelerate the process, thus improving users' health caring. As a result, the high number of people in the waiting lists and the waiting time decreased substantially.

Proceso de evaluación del desempeño del residente de Ginecología y Obstetricia en la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas "Finlay-Albarrán" / The Process of Performance Evaluation of the Gynaecology and Obstetrics Resident in Finlay Albarrán Medical School

Introducción: El proceso de evaluación en las especialidades médicas es fundamentalmente cualitativo, de verificación de evidencias del desempeño para garantizar una adecuada formación profesional. El Programa de la especialidad de Ginecología y Obstetricia en Cuba, se ha enriquecido con nuevos contenidos desde su implementación, pero el sistema de evaluación del residente ha experimentado pocas modificaciones. Objetivo: Caracterizar el proceso de evaluación del desempeño del residente de Ginecología y Obstetricia en la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas "Finlay-Albarrán" para identificar los problemas y las potencialidades que permitan programar actividades para su mejoramiento. Métodos: Se realizó análisis documental e histórico-lógico. Se efectuó revisión documental. Se hicieron entrevistas, encuestas y la observación del desempeño del profesor durante el proceso docente educativo; parametrización y triangulación metodológica. Resultados: Se identificaron problemas en las tres dimensiones estudiadas entre los que se destacan: deficiente nivel de comprobación de los conocimientos de las ciencias básicas, limitada utilización del idioma inglés en la práctica profesional, insuficiente conocimiento entorno a la evaluación del desempeño y la insuficiente participación del profesor en actividades de superación profesional relacionadas con el proceso de evaluación. Se identificó una potencialidad. Conclusiones: La caracterización del proceso de evaluación del desempeño del residente de Ginecología y Obstetricia en la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas "Finlay-Albarrán" permitió la identificación de problemas y una potencialidad. Los resultados de esta investigación conducen al diseño y desarrollo de actividades que propicien el mejoramiento del sistema de evaluación con enfoque en el desempeño(AU)

Introduction: The process of evaluation in medical specialties is mainly a qualitative one, based on the verification of performance evidences that guarantee an adequate professional training. The specialty program for Gynecology and Obstetrics in Cuba has been enriched with new contents since its implementation, but the resident's evaluation system has undergone few modifications. Objective: To characterize the process of evaluation for the Gynecology and Obstetrics resident's performance in "Finlay-Albarrán" Medical School, in order to identify the problems and potentialities that allow to program activities for its improvement. Methods: Literature and historical-logical analyses were carried out. A documentary review was made. Interviews, surveys and the observation of the teacher's performance during the educational process; parametrization and methodological triangulation. Results: Problems were identified in the three dimensions studied; for example, a poor level of knowledge verification in basic sciences, limited use of the English language in the professional practice, insufficient knowledge about performance evaluation, and insufficient participation of the teacher in professional improvement activities related with the evaluation process. A potentiality was identified.Conclusions: The characterization of the process of performance evaluation for the Gynecology and Obstetrics resident in Finlay-Albarrán Medical School allowed the identification of problems and a potentiality. The results of this research lead to the design and development of activities that encourage the improvement of the evaluation system, with a focus on performance(AU)

Evaluación final del internado rotatorio de Medicina General Integral / Final evaluation of the rotational internship in Family Medicine

Introducción: el proceso evaluativo brinda retroalimentación acerca de la efectividad de la enseñanza y resultado del aprendizaje. Objetivo: caracterizar la evaluación final del internado de Medicina General Integral durante un curso académico. Métodos: se realizó estudio observacional descriptivo, cuanti-cualitativo, retrospectivo en la asignatura Medicina General Integral sexto año, Facultad "Manuel Fajardo" durante el curso escolar 2014-2015. El dato primario se obtuvo de información documental. Las variables se trabajaron en una hoja de cálculo Excel y su operacionalización se realizó con el sistema operativo Windows Xp; se calculó frecuencias absoluta y relativa, se realizó triangulación de información, se definió composición del instrumento y contenidos evaluativo evaluados. Resultados: el 76,3 por ciento obtuvo excelente en evaluación final y 1,1 por ciento resultó reprobado con promoción cualitativa de 93,5 por ciento. En evaluación frecuente el 81,8 por ciento obtiene excelente y 15 por ciento. En examen práctico el 71 por ciento obtiene excelente y 23,6 por ciento bien. En evaluación teórica 60,2 por ciento logra excelente y el 24,7 por ciento de los evaluados obtiene bien. El instrumento evaluativo corresponde a un test objetivo de siete preguntas. La pregunta con mayor error pertenece al contenido prevención y las de mejores resultados relacionados con familia y enfermedades transmisibles. El escenario docente con dificultades en la promoción correspondió al Policlínico Rampa. Conclusiones: predominó un buen índice de calidad en la evaluación final. En evaluación frecuente, examen práctico y teórico predominan las categorías excelente y bien. El contenido prevención aporta mayor error y las mejores respuestas fueron: familia y enfermedades transmisibles. El escenario docente con resultados inferiores fue el Policlínico Rampa(AU)

Introduction: The evaluation process provides feedback about the effectiveness of teaching and the outcomes of learning. Objective: To characterize the final evaluation of the internship in Family Medicine during an academic year. Methods: A descriptive, quantitative and qualitative, retrospective and observational study was carried out in the subject Family Medicine of the sixth academic year at Manuel Fajardo Medical School in 2014-2015. The primary data was obtained from documentary information. The variables were processed in an Excel worksheet operated in Windows XP. Absolute and relative frequencies were calculated, triangulation of information was carried out, together with the composition of the instrument, while the contents of the evaluation were defined. Results: 76.3 percent obtained excellent in the final evaluation and 1.1 percent failed with a qualitative promotion of 93.5 percent. In the frequent evaluation, 81.8 percent obtained excellent and 15 percent, good. In the practical examination, 71 percent obtained excellent and 23.6 percent, good. In the theoretical evaluation, 60.2 percent obtained excellent and 24.7 percent, good. The evaluative instrument is correspondent with an objective test of seven questions. The question with the greatest number of errors belongs to the prevention content and the best results were related to the family and the communicable diseases. The teaching setting with difficulties in the promotion corresponded to La Rampa Outpatient Polyclinic. Conclusions: A good quality index predominated in the final evaluation. In frequent evaluation, the practical and theoretical examination, there is a predominance of the categories excellent and good. The content about prevention provides more errors and the best answers were related to the contents about family and communicable diseases. The teaching setting with the lowest results was La Rampa Outpatient Polyclinic(AU)

O papel da avaliação para a tomada de decisão na gestão de serviços de saúde / The role of evaluation in decision-making in the management of health services

A gestão de serviços de saúde é uma prática administrativa complexa em função da amplitude desse campo e da necessidade de conciliar interesses individuais, corporativos e coletivos nem sempre convergentes. Nesse contexto, a avaliação necessita ter características particulares para poder cumprir com o seu papel. O objetivo deste estudo foi o de estabelecer as características que a avaliação para a gestão de serviços de saúde deve possuir para contribuir para a tomada de decisão. Utilidade, oportunidade, factibilidade, confiabilidade, objetividade e direcionalidade constituem o conjunto de princípios que deve ancorar essa avaliação. Uma avaliação que conduza a decisões que garantam não somente a sua eficiência e eficácia, mas também a sua implementação. O processo avaliativo deve buscar que as decisões tomadas levem em consideração as necessidades de saúde da população, as metas definidas pelos serviços e que envolvam todos os interessados de forma a tornar viável a implementação das decisões tomadas. O presente artigo tem o propósito de desencadear um debate entre os distintos interessados em avaliação na expectativa de que possam contribuir na reflexão quanto à real utilidade da avaliação em que o componente político na gestão tem sido cada vez mais predominante.

The management of health services is a complex administrative practice due to the breadth of the field of health and the need to reconcile individual, corporate and collective interests that are not always convergent. In this context, the evaluation needs to have specific characteristics in order to fulfill its role. The scope of this study was to establish the characteristics that the evaluation for the management of health services should have to contribute to decision-making. Usefulness, opportunity, feasibility, reliability, objectivity and directionality represent the set of principles upon which the evaluation should be based. Evaluations should lead to decisions that guarantee not only their efficiency and effectiveness but also their implementation. The evaluation process should ensure that decisions involve all stakeholders in order to render the implementation of decisions feasible, and take into account the health needs of the population and the goals set for the services. The scope of this article is to elicit a debate among different stakeholders in the evaluation in the hope that it can contribute to the reflection on the real usefulness of evaluations in which the political component in management has been increasingly prevalent.

Por que um jornal? / Why a journal?

O autor descreve sua experiência editorial em revistas científicas e discute sua função e funcionamento. Ao fazê-lo coteja a função e o funcionamento dessas revistas na área da psicanálise com a própria atividade psicanalítica.

The author describes his long editorial experience in regular Scientific Journals and he discusses its function and modus operandi. Subsequently he also discusses the relationship between the psychoanalytical activity in the clinic and the function of a Psychoanalytical Journal.

El autor describe su experiencia editorial en revistas científicas en el área del psicoanálisis y discute su función y funcionamiento comparándolos con la propia actividad psicoanalítica.

Reforma da Saúde Familiar em Portugal: avaliação da implantação / Family Health Reform in Portugal: analysis of its implementation

Os cuidados de saúde primários de Portugal estão em processo de reforma, sendo as Unidades de Saúde Familiar (USF) uma das principais marcas desse processo. Este estudo teve como objectivo avaliar o processo de implantação das USF a partir de 2006. Utilizou-se metodologia de análise de implantação na mesma área de atenção primária em saúde de um estudo anterior no Brasil. Na análise foram empregadas as dimensões do cuidado integral, da organização dos cuidados e político-institucional. Evidenciaram-se como avanços principais a acessibilidade, trabalho em equipe, qualidade (técnico-científica) dos cuidados, inovações nas práticas de gestão, na sustentabilidade (condições de trabalho) e infraestrutura. Principais desafios: integração com especialidades hospitalares, indefinições político-institucionais, sistemas informatizados, integração nos centros de saúde e organização do processo de trabalho. Estes dados poderão vir a informar os decisores de gestão sobre correções a efetuar no processo de reforma.

Primary healthcare in Portugal is undergoing a major reform, of which family health units (FHU) are one of the more visible results. This study aimed to evaluate the FHU implementation process from 2006 onwards. Methods from a previous study of primary healthcare implementation in Brazil were used. Dimensions studied included comprehensiveness of care, organization of care, and the political-institutional perspective. The main improvements identified included better availability of care, team work, technical quality of care, innovative management practices, sustainability of the model, working conditions and infrastructure improvements. Main challenges remaining include integration with hospital care, political and institutional gray areas, need for better information systems, integration within health centers and workflow organization. These data may be useful for management decision-makers when making adjustments and corrections in the reform process.

Adolescentes que vivenciam a ausência paterna temporária: características pessoais e planos em relação ao futuro / Adolescents who experiment temporary father's absence: personal characteristics and plans for future

O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar características mencionadas por adolescentes do sexo feminino, em avaliação para psicoterapia, acerca de si mesmas, bem como seus planos em relação ao futuro. Participaram do estudo cinco adolescentes de 13 a 17 anos, que vivenciavam em seus contextos familiares a ausência paterna temporária. Através de análise qualitativa de conteúdo dos relatos das sessões, foram organizadas duas categorias: características pessoais e planos em relação ao futuro. Foi possível identificar características da adolescência, como a busca por relações de amizade e a dependência econômica dos pais. Também foram reveladas outras características, tais como um desejo de ajudar os outros, planos futuros bem elaborados e um receio de repetir a escolha conjugal materna. Cabe destacar que as adolescentes apresentaram uma descrição bastante apurada de si mesmas. Sugere-se que novos estudos abordem também a percepção de pais e mães acerca de suas filhas, a fim de complementar essa descrição

The present study aimed to describe female adolescent's personal characteristics, as well as their plans for future. Five adolescents, from 13 to 17 years old, took part in the study. They lived in families with father's temporary absence and were under evaluation process for psychotherapy. Through qualitative content analysis of the psychological session's reports, it was organized two categories: personal characteristics and plans for future. It was possible to identify some characteristics of adolescence period, such as the search for friendships and the economical dependence of parents. Also, other characteristics like the wish to help others, well delineated future plans and a concerning about repeating maternal marital choice. It is important to highlight that participants presented a very accurate description of themselves. It was suggested that new studies also include the father's and mother's perceptions about their daughters, in order to increase this description

Master Plan of Journal for the Korean Neuropsychiatric Association: Guidelines of Approaching to Good Journal / 신경정신의학

To develop into a good jounal, it takes constant and consistent time and the efforts. "Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association" has been tried and revised through workshop and research development subcommittec. As "an editor-in chief", I reviewed about the good journal evaluation principles especially four main aspects of the ISI journal selection process for Science Citation Index (SCI) and Index Medicus. These involve examination of basic journal publishing standards, editorial content, international diversity, and citation analysis. Aslo, I reviewed the important and problems of redundant publication and on-line publication. Through these current important issues, I suggests a Master plan for the Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association.