Construction of an evaluation scale for post competence of family doctors based on knowledge-skill-management model / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective:To construct an evaluation scale for post competence of family doctors based on knowledge-skill-management model.Methods:The evaluation dimensions and indicators for post competency of family doctors were preliminarily developed through literature review, internal group meeting and brainstorming, and in-depth interviews of experts. And 16 experts in the fields of general practice and health management were invited for 2 rounds of Delphi consultation from December 2020 to April 2021. A competency evaluation scale for family doctors based on the dimensions of knowledge, skills and management was finally constructed.Results:The age of the experts was (47.9±7.3) years with a working experience of (24.6±7.8) years. The Cronbach′s α of the questionnaires was 0.891 and the KMO was 0.844. The positive coefficients for 2 rounds of expert consultation were 100%; the familiarity level of experts was 0.86 and authority level was 0.89 in the first round consultation, and those were 0.84 and 0.90 in the second round consultation. After 2 rounds of consultation, the coordination coefficient of expert opinions in the knowledge and skill dimensions was>0.5, and that in the management dimension and overall evaluation system was>0.3. After discussion 2 indicators were deleted in the first round of consultation. The finally constructed family doctor post competency evaluation scale included 3 dimensions, 8 secondary indicators and 61 tertiary indicators. Conclusion:Through the Delphi consultation, we have successfully constructed an evaluation scale for post competence of family doctors based on the three dimensions of knowledge, skills and management.

Content and psychological measurement index of ICF-CY-based motor function evaluation scale for children and adolescents with disabilities: a scoping review / 中国康复理论与实践

ObjectiveTo analyze the content and psychological measurement indicators of the commonly used motor function assessment tools for children and adolescents, based on the theory and method of International Classification of Function, Disability and Health-Children and Youth Version (ICF-CY). MethodsBased on the ICF-CY classification framework and coding system, four commonly used functional evaluation tools for children and adolescents were selected, and their motor function measurement methods and psychological measurement indicators were analyzed by applying ICF coding rules and matching principles. ResultsFinally, nine English articles and two Chinese articles were included, from four countries including South Korea, Spain, China and Brazil. They were mainly published in the journals of clinical medicine, neuroscience, public health, rehabilitation science and other fields from 2011 to 2021. The age of the subjects was 0 to 16 years old involving 987 subjects; the health condition included spastic cerebral palsy, neurodevelopmental disorder, etc. Among the eleven articles included, six articles used Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-88), two articles used Fine Motor Function Measure Scale (FMFM), two articles used Peabody Developmental Motor Scales Second Edition (PDMS-2), and two articles used Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory-Functional Skills Scale (PEDI-FSS), and three articles used Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI). The measurement methods were objective evaluation, subjective evaluation, and subjective observation, etc. The number of measurements was two to six. The measurement indicators of motor function mainly involved two levels. The first was the physical activity level, including gross movement, fine movement and motor control ability. The second was the functional level of activities, mainly including activities of daily living and functional independence. ConclusionBased on ICF-CY, the evaluation of children's motor function and activity and participation was mainly divided into two levels. At the body function level, the main evaluation indicators included b730, b760, b770, etc. At the level of activities and participation, the main evaluation indicators were d410, d440, d445, etc. GMFM-88 focuses on the evaluation of children's body movement and activity functions, such as sitting, standing, lying, walking and running, mainly involving b760, d410, d455, etc. FMFM focused on autonomous movement, motor motivation and motor coordination, and was mainly used to assess the functional status of upper limbs of children with cerebral palsy aged 0 to 3 years, mainly involving b760, d155, d440, etc. PDMS-2 payed more attention to evaluating the overall motor development level and motor function status of children and adolescents, mainly involving b750, b760, d415, etc. PEDI-FSS move partition focused on children's actual motor function performance in activities of daily living, and evaluated the application and practicability of children's motor function in activities of daily living, mainly involving b760, d410, d450, etc. In terms of measurement methods, the measurement of motor function mainly included objective evaluation and subjective evaluation; the measurement of activity function mainly included objective evaluation and subjective observation. These assessment tools have established norms varies with different age groups according to the movement development. Evaluators need accept professional training before using the above assessment tools to improve the reliability, validity and adaptability of the assessment.

Anal function related to radiotherapy and chemotherapy for rectal cancer patients / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

In recent years, with the development of rectal cancer treatment mode, the anal preservation rate in rectal cancer patients has been gradually increased. In addition to preserving the anal shape, the preservation of anal function is also gradually valued. In this article, literature review on anal function related to radiotherapy and chemotherapy for rectal cancer patients was conducted, aiming to elaborate the evaluation criteria and research status of anal function in rectal cancer patients.

Construction of competency norm of clinical nursing teachers in tertiary first-class hospitals in northwest China / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To establish the norm of clinical nursing teachers' competency in tertiary first-class hospitals in northwest China.Methods:From August 2019 to February 2020, 1 077 clinical nursing teachers were selected from 12 tertiary first-class hospitals in northwest China by stratified, random and proportional sampling, and were investigated with the Clinical Nursing Teacher Competency Evaluation Scale. Descriptive statistics were carried out on the sample data, and univariate variance analysis and pairwise comparison were carried out on the multi-classification variables of age, nursing age, professional title, teaching years and the number of teachers per year. The verified data were exported to SPSS 26.0 for statistical analysis, variance analysis was used for multi-group comparison, and LSD test was used for pairwise comparison between groups.Results:①The corresponding mean norm was established by grouping the total score and the first-class index; the percentile norm was made with 5% spacing; P10, P30, P70 and P90 were selected as the grading demarcation points, and the demarcation norm was constructed. ②Factor analysis showed that there were statistical differences in personality characteristics among different ages, nursing ages and professional titles ( P<0.05), and also in professional attitudes among different nursing ages and professional titles ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The establishment of norm provides references for individuals or units to evaluate teachers' competence.

Effect of Individualized Occupational Therapy on Occupational Performance of Patients with Schizophrenia / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To explore the effect of individualized occupational therapy on occupational performance of schizophrenic patients. Methods:From 2016 to 2018, 30 schizophrenic patients hospitalized over one year in Beijing Anding Hospital were randomly divided into control group (n = 15) and experimental group (n = 15). The control group was given routine group work activities, and the experimental group was given individualized occupational therapy, 30 minutes a time, once a day, five days a week for four weeks. The Comprehensive Occupational Therapy Evaluation Scale (COTE) was used to evaluate the occupational performance of schizophrenic patients before and after treatment。 Results:The difference value of COTE score was higher in the experimental group than in the control group (t = 3.842, P < 0.01), especially for interpersonal communication behavior and task behavior (t > 3.106, P < 0.01). Conclusion:Individualized occupational therapy could improve the occupational performance of patients with schizophrenia.

Construction of theoretical framework, item pool and rating scale words of / 中国针灸

Literature investigation and expert consultation were adopted to construct the theoretical framework and item pool of

Escala de Estratégias de Aprendizagem e Tecnologias Digitais: ensinos médio e universitário / Learning Strategies and Digital Technologies Scale: high school and university teaching / Escala de Estrategias de Aprendizaje y Tecnologías Digitales: educación secundaria y universitaria

Identificar as estratégias que favorecem os alunos a estudarem com o uso das tecnologias digitais é um dos grandes desafios desta sociedade atual. Este estudo buscou evidências de validade da estrutura interna dos itens de um instrumento para mensurar as estratégias de aprendizagem empregadas pelos alunos quando estudam utilizando as tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação (TDIC). Para tanto, elaborou-se a Escala de Estratégias de Aprendizagem com o Uso das TDIC (EEA-TDIC) para os estudantes dos ensinos médio e superior. Participaram desta pesquisa 822 alunos. As três dimensões do instrumento, estruturadas após análise fatorial exploratória, confirmaram-se nos resultados alcançados com a análise confirmatória. As propriedades psicométricas da EEA-TDIC foram evidenciadas, estabelecendo a escala como medida válida e confiável. Acredita-se que a escala será útil para avaliação e diagnóstico psicoeducacional de forma a orientar ações formativas no contexto educativo. (AU)

Identifying the strategies that help students to study using digital technologies is one of the great challenges for society today. This study sought evidence for the validity of the internal structure of the items of an instrument to measure the learning strategies employed by students when they study using digital information and communication technologies (DICT). Accordingly, the Learning Strategies with the use of DICT Scale (EEA-TDIC) was developed for students in High School and Higher Education. Study participants were 822 students. The three dimensions of the instrument, structured after exploratory factor analysis, were confirmed in the results of the confirmatory analysis. The psychometric properties of the EEA-TDIC were found to be acceptable, establishing the scale as a valid and reliable measure. The scale will be useful for psychoeducational assessment and diagnosis, in order to guide study actions in the educational context. (AU)

Identificar las estrategias que favorezcan a los estudiantes a estudiar con el uso de tecnologías digitales es uno de los grandes desafíos de la sociedad actual. Este estudio buscó evidencias de validez de la estructura interna de los ítems de un instrumento para medir las estrategias de aprendizaje empleadas por el alumnado cuando estudian utilizando tecnologías digitales de la información y la comunicación (TDIC). Para ello, se desarrolló la Escala de Estrategias de Aprendizaje con el uso de TDIC (EEA-TDIC) para estudiantes de Educación Secundaria y Superior. 822 estudiantes participaron en esta investigación. Las tres dimensiones del instrumento, estructuradas tras el análisis factorial exploratorio, se confirmaron en los resultados obtenidos con el análisis confirmatorio. Se evidenciaron las propiedades psicométricas del EEA-TDIC, estableciendo la escala como una medida válida y confiable. Se cree que la escala será de utilidad para la evaluación y el diagnóstico psicoeducativo con el fin de orientar las acciones formativas en el contexto educativo. (AU)

Línguas de Sinais como Línguas de Interlocução: o Lugar das Atividades Comunicativas no Contexto Escolar1 / Sign Languages as Languages ​​of Interlocution: the Place of Communicative Activities in the School Context / Las Lenguas de Signos como Lenguas de Interlocución: el Lugar de las Actividades Comunicativas en el Contexto Escolar1

RESUMO: O desenvolvimento escolar do aluno surdo depende de seu domínio de uma língua de sinais. Todavia, uma língua de sinais não é cotidianamente desenvolvida no ambiente familiar; assim, esse domínio precisa ser alcançado no espaço escolar, no qual se espera que o aluno surdo tenha pares em sua língua e possa interagir por meio dela. Contudo, o ambiente escolar tem pouca tradição de trabalhar com o desenvolvimento de língua oral/língua de sinais, focalizando atividades com língua escrita como meta. Sobre o aluno surdo, pouco se discute acerca do desenvolvimento da língua de sinais no espaço escolar. O professor bilíngue foca seu trabalho no ensino da língua majoritária como segunda língua na modalidade escrita, trabalhando com a língua de sinais, sem uma proposta clara de desenvolvimento dessa língua. Debates sobre práticas para aprimoramento da oralidade para o desenvolvimento do sujeito ouvinte indicaram a oportunidade de refletir sobre esses aspectos em relação aos alunos surdos. O foco deste artigo está, então, no debate desse tema, visando a formação de professores para aprimoramento dos usos da língua de sinais no espaço escolar.

ABSTRACT: The academic development of the deaf student depends on his/her mastery of a sign language. However, a sign language is not developed daily in the family environment; thus, this domain needs to be achieved in the school space, in which it is expected that the deaf student has peers in his/her language and can interact through it. All the same, the school environment has little tradition of working with the development of oral/sign language, focusing on activities with written language as a goal. Regarding the deaf student, little is discussed about the development of sign language in the school space. The bilingual teacher focuses his/her work on teaching the majority language as a second language in the written modality, working with sign language, without a clear proposal for the development of that language. Debates on practices to improve orality for the development of the hearing subject indicated the opportunity to reflect on these aspects in relation to deaf students. The focus of this paper is, therefore, on the debate on this theme, aiming at the training of teachers to improve the uses of sign language in the school space.

RESUMEN: El desarrollo escolar del alumno sordo depende de su dominio de la lengua de signos. Sin embargo, habitualmente, la lengua de signos no se adquiere en el entorno familiar; así, su dominio debe lograrse en el espacio escolar, en el que se espera que el alumno sordo tenga pares en esta lengua y pueda interactuar por medio de ella. Sin embargo, el contexto escolar cuenta con poca tradición de trabajo en el desarrollo de la lengua oral / de signos, focalizándose en actividades con la lengua escrita como meta. Con respecto al estudiante sordo, hay pocos estudios en los que se analice cómo tiene lugar el desarrollo de la lengua de signos en el espacio escolar. El docente bilingüe centra su trabajo en la enseñanza de la lengua mayoritaria como segunda lengua en la modalidad escrita, trabaja con la lengua de signos, pero no siempre sabe cómo promover el desarrollo de esta. La discusión sobre la relevancia de las prácticas para mejorar el desarrollo de la oralidad en los alumnos oyentes nos ofrece la oportunidad de reflexionar sobre estos aspectos en relación con los aprendices sordos. El objetivo de este artículo es, por lo tanto, la discusión sobre este tema para capacitar a los docentes respecto a la mejora de los usos de la lengua de signos en el espacio escolar.

Validation of a tool to evaluate women's satisfaction with breastfeeding for the Brazilian population / Validação de instrumento para avaliação da satisfação da mulher com a amamentaçãopara a população brasileira

Abstract Objective To perform the construct validity and the internal consistency of the Maternal Breastfeeding Evaluation Scale tool, aiming at its application in the Brazilian population. Methods Cross-sectional study that applied the tool to 287 Brazilian women 30 days after childbirth. Main component analysis with varimax rotation was used for the factor analysis, verifying the number of subscales and the maintenance or extraction of the components. Four hypotheses were tested using the unpaired Student's t-test for construct validation. The reliability analysis was performed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Results The exploratory factor analysis identified the need to exclude an item and to reformulate the subscales. The results of the construct validity showed that all hypotheses proposed were confirmed: women who were breastfeeding, those who were exclusively breastfeeding, those who did not have problems related to breastfeeding, and those who intended to breastfeed for at least 12 months achieved significantly higher mean values in the scale. The tool showed adequate internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.86-0.90), as did the pleasure and fulfillment of the maternal role subscales (0.92, 95% CI: 0.91-0.93%); child growth, development, and satisfaction (0.70; 95% CI: 0.65-0.75); and maternal physical, social, and emotional aspects (0.75, 95% CI: 0.70-0.79). Conclusions The validation process of the Brazilian version of the Maternal Breastfeeding Evaluation Scale tool showed that it is valid and reliable tool to be applied to the Brazilian population.

Resumo Objetivo Realizar a validação de constructo e avaliar a consistência interna do instrumento Maternal Breastfeeding Evaluation Scale, visando à sua aplicação na população brasileira. Métodos Estudo transversal com aplicação do instrumento a 287 mulheres brasileiras após 30 dias do nascimento da criança. Para a análise fatorial utilizou-se a análise de componentes principais com rotação varimax, verificando o número de subescalas e a manutenção ou extração dos componentes. Para a validação de constructo quatro hipóteses foram testadas pelo teste T-student não pareado. A análise de confiabilidade foi realizada utilizando o coeficiente de alfa de Cronbach. Resultados A análise fatorial exploratória identificou a necessidade de exclusão de um item e a reformulação das subescalas. Os resultados da validade de constructo mostraram que todas as hipóteses propostas foram confirmadas: as mulheres que estavam amamentando, as que estavam em amamentação exclusiva, as que não apresentavam problemas relacionados à amamentação e aquelas com intenção de amamentar por pelo menos 12 meses apresentaram valores médios significativamente superiores na escala. O instrumento apresentou consistência interna adequada (alfa de Cronbach = 0,88; IC95%: 0,86-0,90), assim como as subescalas prazer e realização do papel materno (0,92; IC95%: 0,91-0,93), crescimento, desenvolvimento e satisfação infantil (0,70; IC95%: 0,65-0,75) e aspectos físico, social e emocional materno (0,75; IC95%: 0,70-0,79). Conclusões O processo de validação do instrumento Maternal Breastfeeding Evaluation Scale/BRASIL constatou que ele é válido e confiável para ser aplicado à população brasileira.

A study of prevalence and factors associated with language delay among 0-3 year old children in a tertiary teaching hospital

Background: Speech and language are essential components of child development. Delay in language development leads to poor scholastic performance, learning disabilities and poor socialization. Language Evaluation Scale Trivandrum (LEST) is a screening tool for use in office and communities for identifying language delay.Methods: A descriptive study of cross-sectional design was done in 350 children between 0 and 36 months attending well baby clinic. A proforma with demographic details of parents, antenatal, perinatal risk factors were completed. All mothers were asked to complete home screening questionnaire to assess home environment. Language delay was identified using LEST scale. The association of language delay with antenatal, perinatal risk factors, socio economic status and home environment were analyzed.Results: The prevalence of language delay was 6%. No association was found between language delay and type of family, place of residence, antenatal complications, perinatal complications, gestational age, birth weight and socio-economic status. Negative home environment was significantly associated with language delay.Conclusions: The prevalence of language delay was 6%. Negative home environment significantly affects speech and language development

Escala de Avaliação do Comportamento Alimentar no Transtorno do Espectro Autista: estudo de validação / The Scale for Evaluating Eating Behaviour in Autism Spectrum Disorder: validation study

RESUMO Objetivo O objetivo do estudo foi construir os itens e realizar a validade de conteúdo e construto da Escala de Comportamento Alimentar do Autismo. Métodos Uma equipe multidisciplinar analisou a validade do conteúdo. A escala foi aplicada de forma verbal e individualizada a pais de pessoas com transtorno do espectro autista (TEA) para ajuste semântico. Essa primeira versão da escala foi respondida por 298 pessoas, sendo feita uma análise dos componentes principais com uma rotação Varimax. Resultados Dos 53 itens inicialmente desenvolvidos para o estudo do construto, 33 mostraram-se válidos para a avaliação do atributo e três foram acrescentados, compondo a segunda versão da escala, que foi respondida por 130 pessoas. Dos 35 itens que permaneceram após a primeira análise fatorial, 26 mostraram-se válidos para a avaliação do atributo e foram distribuídos em sete dimensões: motricidade na mastigação, seletividade alimentar, habilidades nas refeições, comportamento inadequado relacionado às refeições, comportamentos rígidos relacionados à alimentação, comportamento opositor relacionado à alimentação, alergias e intolerância alimentar. A estrutura final da escala ficou composta por 26 itens, distribuídos em sete fatores, apresentando um valor geral de confiabilidade de 0,867. Conclusão A escala visa identificar as dimensões do comportamento alimentar que se encontram alteradas, proporcionando um direcionamento mais específico em relação à terapêutica, podendo também ser utilizada para mensurar a evolução do tratamento.

ABSTRACT Objective An evaluation instrument was developed to assess the eating behavior of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), both from the professional viewpoint and based on aspects identified as problematic by parents at semi-structured interviews. Methods A multidisciplinary team analyzed content validity. The scale was applied verbally and individually to parents of individuals with ASD for semantic adjustment. Overall, 298 individuals answered this preliminary version of the scale, with varimax rotation being used to analyze the principal components. Results Of the 53 items initially developed to assess the construct, 33 proved valid for evaluation of the attribute and three were added, thus obtaining the second version of the scale, which was then answered by 130 individuals. Of the 35 items that remained after the first factor analysis, 26 proved valid for evaluation of the attribute and were divided into seven domains: the motricity of chewing, food selectivity, mealtime skills, inappropriate mealtime behavior, inflexible eating-related behavior, hostility towards food, and food allergies and intolerance. The final structure of the scale was composed of 26 items, distributed in seven factors, presenting an overall reliability value of 0.867. Conclusion The scale aims to identify the areas of eating behavior that are altered in individuals with ASD, allowing more specific therapy to be implemented. The tool could also be used to measure the effectiveness of treatment.

Clinimetrics in Sjögrens syndrome / Clinimetría en el síndrome de Sjögren

ABSTRACT Introduction: Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is an autoimmune disease that can affect quality of life, cause disability, including progression to systemic complications in patients. In order to evaluate these components, several clinimetric scales have been used in pSS. Methods: In order to describe the most commonly used clinimetric scales in pSS, a systematic search of articles was carried out using Google Scholar, Scielo, Embase, Academic Search Ultimate, and Medline databases. Pubmed was used for the search in Medline, with the MeSH terms: 'Clinimetry'; 'Clinimetrics'; 'Quality of life'; 'Activity Index'; 'Scales'; 'Sjögren's syndrome'; linked with the Boolean connector AND. A total of 1081 articles published up to May 2018 were reduced to the 51 of the most relevant after application of inclusion criteria. Results: The most commonly used clinimetric scales in the evaluation of systemic involvement and quality of life in patients with pSS are described. Conclusion: Clinimetric methods are very useful from the point of view of follow-up, evaluation of response to treatment, perception of the disease by patients, and objective evaluation of clinical trials in pSS.

RESUMEN Introducción: El síndrome de Sjögren primario (SSp) es una enfermedad autoinmune, cuyo compromiso se puede ver reflejado en la calidad de vida, incapacidad y progresión a complicaciones en los pacientes. Con el fin de evaluar estos componentes, diversas escalas clinimétricas se han utilizado en el SSp. Métodos: Para describir las escalas de clinimetría más utilizadas en el SSp, se realizó una búsqueda de artículos en las bases de datos Google Scholar, Scielo, Embase, Academic Search Ultimate y Medline. Se empleó Pubmed para la búsqueda en Medline, con los términos MeSH: «Clinimetry¼; «Clinimetrics¼; «Quality of life¼; « Activity index¼; «Scales¼; «Sjögren's syndrome¼; enlazados con el conector booleano AND. Se incluyeron 1.081 artículos publicados hasta mayo de 2018, que luego de la aplicación de los criterios de inclusión, se redujeron a 51 con la mayor relevancia. Resultados: Se describen las escalas de clinimetría más usadas en la evaluación del compromiso sistémico y de la calidad de vida en los pacientes con SSp. Conclusión: Los métodos clinimétricos tienen gran utilidad desde el punto de vista de seguimiento, evaluación de respuesta a tratamiento, percepción de la enfermedad por parte de los pacientes y evaluación objetiva de ensayos clínicos en el SSp.

Clinical Efficacy Evaluation of Abdominal Acupuncture plus Cervical Curvature Traction for Cervical Spondylosis of Vertebral Artery Type / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of abdominal acupuncture plus cervical curvature traction in treating cervical spondylosis of vertebral artery type. Method Eighty patients with cervical spondylosis of vertebral artery type were divided by the random number table into two groups, with 40 cases in each group. The treatment group was intervened by abdominal acupuncture plus cervical curvature traction, and the control group was given oral administration of flunarizine. The two groups were compared before and after treatment in terms of clinical symptom score, cervical vertigo symptom and function assessment scale, and hemodynamics, etc. Result Both groups attained significant efficacy, and the total effective rate was 92.5％ in the treatment group, markedly higher than 77.5％ in the control group (P<0.05); the score of cervical spondylosis symptom scale in the treatment group was higher than that in the control group after treatment, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); after treatment, the evaluations of vertigo, neck-shoulder pain, headache, daily living and work, mental and social adaptation were significantly improved in both groups (P<0.01). Conclusion Abdominal acupuncture plus cervical curvature traction can obviously improve symptoms such as vertigo, neck-shoulder pain, headache, daily living and work, and mental and social adaptation, and boost the blood flow velocity of vertebrobasilar artery in patients with cervical spondylosis of vertebral artery type. The achievement of therapeutic efficacy is associated with the improvement of vertebrobasilar blood supply.

Propriedades psicométricas da Escala Multidimensional de Expressão Social ­ Parte Motora (EMES-M) em uma amostra brasileira / Psychometric properties of the Multidimensional Social Expression Scale ­ Motor (EMES-M) in a Brazilian sample / Propiedades psicométricas de la Escala Multidimensional de Expresión Social ­ Parte Motora (EMES-M) en una muestra brasileña

O presente artigo tem por objetivo descrever o processo de adaptação e validação da Escala Multidimensional de Expressão Social ­ parte Motora (EMES-M) para o contexto brasileiro. A expressão social motora consiste nas habilidades sociais, que são preditores de qualidade de vida e da qualidade das relações interpessoais. A amostra foi composta de 925 indivíduos de ambos os sexos, entre 18 e 35 anos. Foram realizadas análises fatoriais confirmatórias com um modelo de oito fatores teoricamente baseados. A escala apresentou propriedades psicométricas adequadas, com CFI 0,910, TLI de 0,904, RMSEA de 0,049 e consistência interna da escala total de 0,945. Também apresentou validade convergente, medida a partir de correlações com escalas que avaliam assertividade e ansiedade social. A partir dos resultados, conclui-se que a escala pode ser utilizada em contextos de pesquisa para avaliar as habilidades sociais. (AU)

The present article aims to describe the process of adaptation and validation of the Multidimensional Social Expression Scale ­ Motor Part (EMES-M) for the Brazilian context. Motor social expression consists of social skills, which are predictors of quality of life and interpersonal relationship quality. The sample consisted of 925 individuals of both sexes, between 18 and 35 years old. Confirmatory factor analyses were performed with a theoretically based eight-factor model. The scale had adequate psychometric properties, with CFI 0.910, TLI of 0.904, RMSEA of 0.049 and internal consistency of the total scale of 0.945. It also presented convergent validity, measured from correlations with scales that evaluate assertiveness and social anxiety. From the results, we conclude that the scale can be used in research contexts to evaluate social skills. (AU)

Este artículo tiene como objetivo describir el proceso de adaptación y validación de la Escala Multidimensional de Expresión Social - Parte Motora (EMES-M) en el contexto brasileño. La expresión social motora consiste en habilidades sociales que son predictores de la calidad de vida y la calidad de las relaciones interpersonales. La muestra fue compuesta por 925 individuos de ambos sexos, entre 18 y 35 años. Se realizaron análisis factoriales confirmatorios con un modelo de ocho factores fundamentados teóricamente. La escala mostró propiedades psicométricas adecuadas con CFI 0,910, TLI de 0,904, RMSEA de 0,049 y consistencia interna de la escala total de 0,945. También presentó validez convergente, medida a partir de correlaciones con escalas que evalúan asertividad y ansiedad social. De acuerdo a los resultados se puede decir que la escala es adecuada para ser utilizada en contextos de investigación para evaluar las habilidades sociales. (AU)

Development and Linguistic Validation of the Japanese Version of the Good Death Scale

<p>Good Death Scale (GDS) is a provider assessment scale of quality of dying of terminally ill cancer patients, and its reliability and validity has been confirmed. The aim of this study is translating the GDS into Japanese (GDS-J) according to the standard methods of conducting linguistic validation. In the forward translation, there was a disagreement in the translation of “will” into Japanese translation of “will” of GDS question 3 “Has the patient arranged everything according to his/her own will?” We confirmed linguistic validity in the research team and eventually got approval from the original author in writing and decided on GDS-J. Using the GDS-J, a quality assessment scale for palliative care by provider, it will be possible to evaluate the quality of palliative care to be done by themselves and to be expected to be useful for providing higher-quality palliative care.</p>

Quality of life after FESS among patients with nasal polyps using the NOSE questionnaire translated in Filipino (NOSE-Ph)

@#<p><strong>OBJECTIVE:</strong> To evaluate the quality of life before, and after Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) among patients with nasal obstruction due to nasal polyposis using the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) questionnaire translated in Filipino (NOSE-Ph) in a tertiary government hospital in Metro Manila.</p> <p><strong>METHODS:</strong></p> <p><strong>Design:</strong>Cross-Sectional QOL Study</p> <p><strong>Setting:</strong>Tertiary Government Hospital</p> <p><strong>Participants:</strong>  40 patients with nasal polyposis who underwent FESS from April 2014 to June 2015 were included in the study. Patients who underwent FESS due to other nasal tumors other than nasal polyp were excluded. The subjects answered the previously-validated NOSE-Ph questionnaire pre- and post-operatively and the scores were gathered and analyzed.</p> <p><strong>RESULTS:</strong>Based on the pre and post-operative scores, there was a statistically significant improvement in all 5 parameters (1. nasal congestion, 2. nasal obstruction, 3. trouble breathing, 4.  trouble sleeping, and 5. inability to get enough air through the nose during exercise).</p> <p><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong>There was a statistically significant improvement in the quality of life of patients who underwent FESS based on the pre and post-operative scores using the NOSE-Ph questionnaire translated in Filipino.  </p>

Reliability and validity of core self-evaluation scale in employees and undergraduates in China / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To revise Core Self-Evaluation Scale (CSES) and examine its reliability and validity in employees and undergraduates in China. Methods The adaptation of the scale was gotten by way of translation and back-translation. 400 employees and 272 undergraduates were tested by questionnaires, and their data were used to evaluate reliability and validity of the scale. Results In employees and undergraduates, the Cronbach' s coefficient of the CSES was respectively 0.71,0.81, and the test-retest reliability was respectively 0.81,0.84. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the single factor model was more fit for the revised CSES. The scale had good convergent validity and incremental validity in the samples. Conclusion The CSES has good reliability and validity in employees and undergraduates, which can be used for measuring the core self-evaluation in practical research.

A Scale of Vocational Rehabilitation for Adult with Intellectual Disability / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To establish a scale of vocational rehabilitation for adult with intellectual disability.MethodsDelphi method was applied to comply the scale which was divided into four dimensions including life satisfaction, life skills, social interaction ability and personality to evaluate vocational rehabilitation for adult with intellectual disability.ResultsFor the test-retest reliability, the coefficient was 0.735 for the total scale, 0.869 for life satisfaction, 0.621 for life skills, 0.611 for social skills, and 0.505 for ability to work. The coefficien of the scale (all versions) in all dimensions and total scores were between 0.635～0.938.ConclusionThe scale has good reliability and validity to evaluate the effect of vocational rehabilitation of adult with intellectual disability.

Estudio empírico del Trastorno Narcisista de la Personalidad (TNP) / An empirical study of Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD) / Estudo empírico do Transtorno Narcisista DA Personalidade (TNP)

La investigación pretende profundizar en la descripción y evaluación del Trastorno Narcisista de la Personalidad (TNP). En primer lugar, se define el TNP según cuatro rasgos: autoimagen distorsionada; falta de empatía, hipersensibilidad a la evaluación de los demás y dificultades en la relación interpersonal. A partir de una muestra de 1025 sujetos se construye una prueba de 15 ítems para medir el TNP, con tres factores: narcisismo, maquiavelismo y dominancia. Al mismo tiempo, se elaboran dos escalas falta de empatía y exhibicionismo, relacionadas con la patología narcisista. Los resultados confirman la estructura plurifactorial del concepto (TNP), encontrando importantes diferencias entre el trastorno en el contexto hispano y el norteamericano, así como significativas relaciones con la prueba de Mehrabian & Epstein, la escala Ma4 de Harris & Lingoes y el NPI de Raskin & Hall. También, aparecen significativas relaciones entre el TNP y distintas variables como la edad y el sexo.

This research aims at getting deep into the description and assessment of narcissistic personality disorder (NPD). Firstly, we define NPD by four characteristics: false self-image, lack of empathy, sensitivity to criticism and disturbances in interpersonal relationships. Taking from a sample of 1025 persons, we elaborated a 15items test to measure NPD with three factors: narcissism, Machiavellianism and dominance. At the same time, we elaborated two tests, lack of empathy and exhibitionism, related to narcissistic pathology. The results confirm the multifactor structure of the concept (NPD), finding important differences between NPD in the Spanish and the American contexts as well as significant relations with the Mehrabian and Epstein Tests, the Ma4 Scale by Harris and Lingoes and the NPI by Raskin and Hall. In addition, there were significant relations between NPD and different variables such as age and gender.

Esta pesquisa aprofunda na descrição e avaliação do transtorno narcisista da personalidade (TNP). O TNP é definido conforme quatro caraterísticas: auto imagem distorcida, falta de empatia, hipersensibilidade à avaliação dos outros e dificuldade na relação interpessoal. Com base em uma amostra de 1025 sujeitos, foi construída uma prova de 15 itens para medir o TNP com três fatores: narcisismo, maquiavelismo e dominância. Simultaneamente, foram elaboradas duas escalas (falta de empatia e exibicionismo) relacionadas com a patologia narcisista. Os resultados confirmam a estrutura poli fatorial do conceito TNP. Foram achadas grandes diferenças entre o transtorno no contexto hispano e o norteamericano, assim como notórias relações com a prova de Mehrabian & Epstein, a escala Ma4 de Harris & Lingoes e o NPI de Raskin & Hall. Também foram encontradas relações importantes entre o TNP e diversas variáveis, com idade e sexo.

Evaluation of Psychometric Properties of the Korean Version of the Social Adaptation Self-Evaluation Scale(KvSASS) in the General Population and Depressive Patients / 신경정신의학

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to examine the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Social Adaptation Self-evaluation Scale (KvSASS), and to evaluate its psychometric properties. METHODS: KvSASS was administered to two groups, 269 members of the general population and 52 depressive patients, and data on socio-demographic characteristics (age, gender, occupation, marital status, and level of education) and psychological assessment scales (Self-esteem Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, General Health Questionnaire/Quality of Life-12) were collected. For the patient group, data on clinical rating scales and the duration of antidepressant treatment were also obtained. RESULTS: The evaluation of item intercorrelation by the Pearson correlation matrix showed that the number of correlation coefficients over 0.40 was nine. Internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha), split-half reliability (Guttmans), and test-retest reliability of the KvSASS were good. Three main factors (social activity, self-value oriented activity, and work related activity) were extracted, and three clusters (highly, moderately, and poorly adaptive) emerged by factor and cluster analyses respectively. Concurrent validities with other psychological assessment scales were high. Stepwise multiple regression tests showed that KvSASS was significantly associated with Self-Esteem Scale and General Health Questionnaire/Quality of Life-12 in the general population group, and with occupation and General Health Questionnaire/Quality of Life-12 in the depressive patient group. CONCLUSION: KvSASS was a reliable and valid instrument to assess social functioning in both members of general population and depressive patients, and had psychometric properties reflecting the depressive patients' self-perception of social behavior rather than depressive symptoms themselves.