ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate both genetic and environmental influences on the exercise participation and sedentary behavior in Qingdao,Shandong province and 326 in Lishui, Zhejiang province. Methods 568 twin pairs,including 242 in Qingdao and 326 in Lishui,were studied. Exercise participation was measured by two questions on the frequency and intensity and then divided into two groups. Sedentary behavior was measured by one question as‘how long do you spend on sitting every day’. Variance component models based on twins was used to estimate the genetic and environmental factors on these traits. Results The average age in monozygotic twins was(41.14 ± 10.11)while in dizygotic twins it was(41.23 ± 9.89). Genetic factors accounted 78%(35%-96%)and 59%(0-94%)for exercise participation variance in Qingdao and Lishui in people aged between 20 and 40. However,there were no heritability noticed on physical activity in people older than 40 years of age. Rates of heritability on sedentary behavior in Qingdao and Lishui were 68%(59%-75%)and 32%(7%-62%),respectively. Conclusion Results from the study suggested that sedentary behavior in Chinese people was influenced by genetic factors,which could also explain much of the exercise participation variance in people aged between 20 and 40.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate both genetic and environmental influences on the exercise participation and sedentary behavior in Qingdao,Shandong province and 326 in Lishui, Zhejiang province. Methods 568 twin pairs,including 242 in Qingdao and 326 in Lishui,were studied. Exercise participation was measured by two questions on the frequency and intensity and then divided into two groups. Sedentary behavior was measured by one question as‘how long do you spend on sitting every day’. Variance component models based on twins was used to estimate the genetic and environmental factors on these traits. Results The average age in monozygotic twins was(41.14 ± 10.11)while in dizygotic twins it was(41.23 ± 9.89). Genetic factors accounted 78%(35%-96%)and 59%(0-94%)for exercise participation variance in Qingdao and Lishui in people aged between 20 and 40. However,there were no heritability noticed on physical activity in people older than 40 years of age. Rates of heritability on sedentary behavior in Qingdao and Lishui were 68%(59%-75%)and 32%(7%-62%),respectively. Conclusion Results from the study suggested that sedentary behavior in Chinese people was influenced by genetic factors,which could also explain much of the exercise participation variance in people aged between 20 and 40.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Although there were many studies about increasing the bone mineral density(BMD) of the elderly by exercise program, the results of weekly exercise participation degree are still to be not prepared. Therefore I examined that the effect of weekly exercise participation degree on BMD level of the elderly. METHODS: Subjects were 93 older adults (male=43, female=50) residing in Seoul-Seniors-To-wei. These people are either participating in exercise program for a year, or not in Song-Do Hospital Exercise Prescription Center. Among the elderly, if one were took part in exercise program 5 days or more weekly, they are classified in Group A(male = 14, female= 14), if one were took part in exercise program 5 days weekly, they are classified in Group B (male = 14, female = 17), if one were took part in exercise program a day weekly. they are classified in Group C(mal =8, female= 13). and if one were not took part in exercise program, they are involved in Group I)(male=7, female=6). All the measured data were represented by mean and standard deviation using SPSS package(ver10.0). The statistical techniques for data analysis of BMD levels of the four groups in male and female groups were to analyze the differences among groups by one way ANOVA. And then I performed the Scheffe post-hoc method forinvestigating exactly the differences among groups. The 5% level of significance was used as the critical level for acceptance of hypotheses for the study. RESULTS: There were no statistical difference (p>0.05) among four male or female groups in BMD levels of head, anus, trunk, ribs, and pelvis parts. But there were statistical differences(p <0.05) among four male or female groups in BMD levels of legs, spine, and total. On the condition of legs, the BMD level of Group A exercised in 5 days or more weekly was 1.58 g/cm2 (F=6.774, p=0.001) in male groups and 1.17 g/cm2 (F =6.616. p=0.001) in female groups. These levels were the highest among four groups. And on the condition of spine, the BMD level of Group A was 1.17 g/cm2(F=7.732, p=0.001) in male groups and 1.16 g/cm2(F=6.243, p=0.002) in female groups. These levels were the highest among four groups. Also on the cutiditiuii of total, the BMD level of Group A was 1.53 g/cm2(F=5.677, p=0.003) in male groups and 1.1 g/cm(F=5.283, p=0.003)in female groups. These levels were the highest among four groups. CONCLUSION: Although the exercise is advantageous to the elderly people, if they are participated in 5 days or more weekly, they will be gained more benefit on BMD level and so on.