Protective Effect of Water Extract of Citri Grandis Exocarpium on Alcohol-induced Acute Liver Injury / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the pharmacodynamic effect of the water extract of Citri Grandis exocarpium （WEC） on mice with alcohol-induced acute liver injury and provide data support for the development of this medicinal for anti-alcoholism and liver protection. MethodThe main components of WEC were determined by high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. Sixty Balb/c mice were randomized into 6 groups： control group （equal volume of 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose sodium solution）， model group （equal volume of 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose sodium solution）， low-， medium-， and high-dose WEC groups （0.5， 1.0， 2.0 g·kg-1）， and Haiwang Jinzun tablet positive control group （2.0 g·kg-1）. The administration lasted 14 days. One day before the end of the administration， mice were fasted for 12 h with free access to water. The mice， except the control group， were given 56° Chinese liquor （13 mL·kg-1）. After 2 h， blood was taken from eyeballs and the liver was dissected and weighed. Automatic biochemical analyzer was employed to detect the expression of alanine aminotransferase （ALT）， aspartate aminotransferase （AST）， and alcohol dehydrogenase （ADH）. The pathological changes of liver tissues were observed based on hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining， and apoptosis of hepatocytes based on TUNEL/DAB staining. The expression of proteins related to apoptosis was detected by Western blot. ResultAccording to the HPLC fingerprint， the main components of WEC were rhoifolin and naringin. Compared with the control group， the model group showed increase in liver/body weight ratio （P<0.01） and the expression of ALT and AST （P<0.05， P<0.01）， decrease in the expression of ADH （P<0.05）， blurred structure of hepatic lobules， pathological changes of liver tissue， loose cytoplasm with edema， severe steatosis， rise of the TUNEL-positive rate （P<0.01）， reduction in expression of Bcl-2 （P<0.01）， and increase in Bax and Caspase-3 （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， medium-dose WEC lowered liver/body weight ratio （P<0.05）. All doses of WEC depressed the activity of ALT and AST （P<0.05， P<0.01）， up-regulated the expression of ADH （P<0.05）， significantly improved the pathological features of alcohol-induced cytoplasmic porosity， edema， and steatosis， down-regulated the TUNEL-positive rate （P<0.05， P<0.01）， enhanced the expression of Bcl-2 （P<0.05）， and decreased Bax and Caspase-3 （P<0.01）. ConclusionWEC regulates the expression of ALT， AST， and ADH and improves hepatic steatosis and hepatocyte apoptosis to fight against acute liver injury.

Protective Effect of Water Extract of Citri Grandis Exocarpium on Alcohol-induced Acute Liver Injury / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the pharmacodynamic effect of the water extract of Citri Grandis exocarpium （WEC） on mice with alcohol-induced acute liver injury and provide data support for the development of this medicinal for anti-alcoholism and liver protection. MethodThe main components of WEC were determined by high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. Sixty Balb/c mice were randomized into 6 groups： control group （equal volume of 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose sodium solution）， model group （equal volume of 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose sodium solution）， low-， medium-， and high-dose WEC groups （0.5， 1.0， 2.0 g·kg-1）， and Haiwang Jinzun tablet positive control group （2.0 g·kg-1）. The administration lasted 14 days. One day before the end of the administration， mice were fasted for 12 h with free access to water. The mice， except the control group， were given 56° Chinese liquor （13 mL·kg-1）. After 2 h， blood was taken from eyeballs and the liver was dissected and weighed. Automatic biochemical analyzer was employed to detect the expression of alanine aminotransferase （ALT）， aspartate aminotransferase （AST）， and alcohol dehydrogenase （ADH）. The pathological changes of liver tissues were observed based on hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining， and apoptosis of hepatocytes based on TUNEL/DAB staining. The expression of proteins related to apoptosis was detected by Western blot. ResultAccording to the HPLC fingerprint， the main components of WEC were rhoifolin and naringin. Compared with the control group， the model group showed increase in liver/body weight ratio （P<0.01） and the expression of ALT and AST （P<0.05， P<0.01）， decrease in the expression of ADH （P<0.05）， blurred structure of hepatic lobules， pathological changes of liver tissue， loose cytoplasm with edema， severe steatosis， rise of the TUNEL-positive rate （P<0.01）， reduction in expression of Bcl-2 （P<0.01）， and increase in Bax and Caspase-3 （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， medium-dose WEC lowered liver/body weight ratio （P<0.05）. All doses of WEC depressed the activity of ALT and AST （P<0.05， P<0.01）， up-regulated the expression of ADH （P<0.05）， significantly improved the pathological features of alcohol-induced cytoplasmic porosity， edema， and steatosis， down-regulated the TUNEL-positive rate （P<0.05， P<0.01）， enhanced the expression of Bcl-2 （P<0.05）， and decreased Bax and Caspase-3 （P<0.01）. ConclusionWEC regulates the expression of ALT， AST， and ADH and improves hepatic steatosis and hepatocyte apoptosis to fight against acute liver injury.

Cloning, structure analysis and functional verification of MYB10 in Ribes L / 生物工程学报

This study aims to investigate the molecular mechanism of the transcription factor MYB10, which is involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis, in different colors of Ribes L. fruitification. Rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) was used to clone the MYB10 genes from Ribes nigrum L. (RnMYB10), Ribes rubrum L. (RrMYB10), and Ribes album L. (RaMYB10), respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that RnMYB10 and RrMYB10 were evolutionarily homologous. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) showed that the expression of MYB10 in the fruits of Ribes nigrum L. was higher than that of Ribes rubrum L. and much higher than that of Ribes album L. The expression of RnMYB10 and RrMYB10 increased at first and then decreased as the fruit diameter increased and the fruit color deepened (the maximum expression level was reached at 75% of the fruit color change), while the expression level of RaMYB10 was very low. Overexpression of RnMYB10 and RrMYB10 in Arabidopsis thaliana resulted in purple petioles and leaves, whereas overexpression of RaMYB10 resulted in no significant color changes. This indicates that MYB10 gene plays an important role in the coloration of Ribes L. fruit.

The upregulated intestinal folate transporters direct the uptake of ligand-modified nanoparticles for enhanced oral insulin delivery

Transporters are traditionally considered to transport small molecules rather than large-sized nanoparticles due to their small pores. In this study, we demonstrate that the upregulated intestinal transporter (PCFT), which reaches a maximum of 12.3-fold expression in the intestinal epithelial cells of diabetic rats, mediates the uptake of the folic acid-grafted nanoparticles (FNP). Specifically, the upregulated PCFT could exert its function to mediate the endocytosis of FNP and efficiently stimulate the traverse of FNP across enterocytes by the lysosome-evading pathway, Golgi-targeting pathway and basolateral exocytosis, featuring a high oral insulin bioavailability of 14.4% in the diabetic rats. Conversely, in cells with relatively low PCFT expression, the positive surface charge contributes to the cellular uptake of FNP, and FNP are mainly degraded in the lysosomes. Overall, we emphasize that the upregulated intestinal transporters could direct the uptake of ligand-modified nanoparticles by mediating the endocytosis and intracellular trafficking of ligand-modified nanoparticles via the transporter-mediated pathway. This study may also theoretically provide insightful guidelines for the rational design of transporter-targeted nanoparticles to achieve efficient drug delivery in diverse diseases.

Methyl jasmonate stimulates the synthesis and accumulation of asperosaponin VI in the roots of Dipsacus asper / 药学学报

We investigated the effect of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) on the content of asperosaponin VI and the expression of genes involved in its synthesis. Dipsacus aspero seedlings were treated with MeJA at different concentrations of 50, 100, 150, 200 and 300 μmol·L-1, and leaves and roots were sampled following treatment for 1, 3 and 5 days. The content of asperosaponin VI and superoxide anion in the roots, malondialdehyde (MDA) content in leaves and superoxide dismutase were determined. The results show that 150 μmol·L-1 MeJA significantly increased the accumulation of asperosaponin VI in roots. The content of asperosaponin VI was greatest after treatment for 3 days, and was 2.16 times higher than the control. After MeJA treatment, SOD activity decreased and MDA content increased in leaves. Moreover, superoxide anion content in roots increased. The expression of squalene epoxidase (DaSE1) and geranyl diphosphate synthase (DaGPS), key enzymes in the synthesis of asperosaponin VI, were up-regulated compared with the control group. These results indicate that an optimal concentration of 150 μmol·L-1 MeJA increases the accumulation of asperosaponin VI by up-regulating the expression of key enzymes involved in the synthesis of asperosaponin VI, which facilitates resistance to adversity stress stimulated by MeJA.

Molecular Mechanisms of Hemoglobin Adaptation to High Altitude Hypoxia in Pseudopodoces humilis / 中国生物化学与分子生物学报

As the main carrier of oxygen delivery in the blood circulation system, hemoglobin (Hb) plays a key role in the adaptation of animals to high altitude hypoxia.In this paper, we combined analysis of genome, transcriptome, molecular evolution, homology modeling and molecular dynamics simulation, and explored the molecular mechanisms of increased blood oxygen affinity of Pseudopodoces humilis.Our results showed that the prenatal expressed p gene was highly expressed in the adult Pseudopodoces humilis (RPKM = 32.22) compared to Parus major (RPKM = 0), and this may result in the presence of two additional p-type Hbs with high oxygen affinity in the blood of P.humilis, i.e.(al>p)2 and (aAp)2.The PA25G-A and pA55L-I mutations may increase the van der Waals force between the B and D helices, which might eventually make the entire Pv subunit more compact and finally reduce the number of hydrogen bonds between a dimers, hence the transition from T state to R state is prone to occur.The two mutations of (3a43A-S and pA44S-N could change the conformation and polarity of the heme pocket opening, thus making the solution easier to flow into/out of the heme pocket and therefore facilitating the gas exchange.The pA90E-K mutation in P.humilis has undergone strong positive selection, which could increase the basicity of pA-type Hb, thereby offsetting the decrease in Hb-02 affinity caused by the Bohr effect.In addition, we also found that aA44P-S and pA43A-S mutations may increase the hydrophilicity of otA and pv type Hbs, which is beneficial to the accumulation of Hb to a higher concentration in red blood cells.Collectively, the prenatal Hb genes highly expressed in the adult together with the genetic based changes in intrinsic 0, affinity and physicochemical property of aA and pA Hb could be the main causes for the increase in blood oxygen affinity of P.humilus.

Expression of tRF 31 in breast cancer tissues and its effect on cancer cell proliferation / 医学研究生学报

ObjectiveAt present, there are few reports on the effect of tRF 31 on breast cancer. This study aims to detect and analyze the expression level of tRF 31 in breast cancer tissues and to explore its effect on the proliferation of breast cancer cells.Methods32 tumor tissue samples and the corresponding para-cancer tissues from breast cancer patients in The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from November 2017 to February 2019 were collected. Six out of the thirty two samples were selected for high-throughput sequencing and at last tRF 31 (FC=6.5781, P=0.023) was selected as the research object. The expression of tRF-31 in cancer and para-cancer tissues was measured by RT-PCR. The sensitivity and specificity of tRF-31 expression in the breast cancer diagnosis were analyzed by ROC curve. Two kinds of human breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7) were divided into two groups: control group (transfected with negative control) and tRF-31 group (transfected with tRF-31 inhibitor). The proliferation of transfected breast cancer cells was detected by CCK-8 and clonal formation assay. The expression changes of threonine kinase (AKT) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in breast cancer cells after transfection were measured to explore the relationship between TRF-31 and AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.ResultsThe expression of tRF-31 in cancer tissues (0.103±0.207) was significantly higher than that in para-cancerous ones (0.028±0.039). ROC curve showed that the sensitivity and specificity of tRF-31 in detecting breast cancer were 90.63% and 53.13%, respectively. In MDA MB 231 cells, the expression of tRF-31 in the tRF-31 group was significantly lower than that in the control group [(0.267±0.012) vs (1±0.040), P<0.01)], and in MCF-7 cells, the expression of tRF-31 in the tRF-31 group was also significantly lower than that in the control group. In MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells, the proliferation ability of the tRF-31 group was lower than that of the control group at 0h, 24h, 48h and 72h. In MDA-MB-231 cells, the clonal formation rate of tRF-31 group [(43.67±3.29)%] was significantly lower than that of the control group [(100±3.74)%] (P<0.01). In MCF-7 cells, the clonal formation rate of tRF-31 group [(49±2.94)%] was significantly lower than that of the control group [(100±4.89)%] (P<0.01). In MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells, the protein levels of AKT and mTOR in tRF-31 group were significantly lower than those in the control group.ConclusiontRF-31 is highly expressed in breast cancer tissues and can promote the proliferation of breast cancer cells. This result is expected to provide a new target for the treatment of breast cancer.

Quantitative effect of the expression level of key genes in naringenin synthesis on the accumulation level of target products / 生物工程学报

Naringenin is a natural flavonoid compound with anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, anti-viral, anti-atherosclerosis and other pharmacological activities. It is also an important precursor of other flavonoid synthesis and with great value of application. At present, the production of flavonoids such as naringenin by microbial methods has a low yield due to imbalance of metabolic pathways, which greatly limits its industrial application. In this study, a naringenin-producing strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y-01 was used in the research object. The expression levels of 4-coumaric acid: CoA ligase (4CL), chalcone synthase (CHS) and chalcone isomerase (CHI) were controlled by promoter and copy numbers to investigate the quantitative effect of key enzyme expression level on the accumulation level of target products. The results showed that the correlation between naringenin production and 4CL or CHI expression was not significant while there was a positive correlation with the expression level of CHS. Strain Y-04 with high yield of naringenin was obtained by regulating the expression level of chs gene, and the yield was increased by 4.1-folds compared with the original strain Y-01. This study indicated that CHS is a key regulatory target of naringenin synthesis. Rational regulation of CHS expression can significantly promote the accumulation of naringenin. The related results provide an important theoretical reference for the use of metabolic engineering to strengthen microbial synthesis of important flavonoids such as naringenin.

Expression and clinical significance of plasma interleukin 17 and interleukin 21 in patients with immune related hematopathy / 中国综合临床

Objective To investigate the changes of expression levels of interleukin?17(IL?17) and interleukin?21( IL?21) secreted by helper T cells 17 before and after treatment of three immune?related hematological diseases,and to explore the clinical significance??Methods Sixty patients with IRH admitted to the Department of Hematology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University from May 2017 to October 2018 were selected as subjects??They were divided into aplastic anemia group (24 cases),immune thrombocytopenia group (20 cases) and autoimmune hemolytic anemia group (16 cases)??Another 60 healthy volunteers who had physical examination in our hospital at the same time were selected as the control group??In the 3 IRH groups,patients were treated with glucocorticoids or immunologic agents,and the control group was given vitamin C??At the time of initial diagnosis,2 weeks and 3 months after IRH treatment,all the patients in the 4 groups were examined for blood?related indicators,and the therapeutic effects of different stages and the plasma levels of IL?17 and IL?21 in the peripheral blood of the 4 groups before and after treatment were compared??Results At the initial diagnosis,the plasma IL?17 levels in the aplastic anemia group,immune thrombocytopenia group and autoimmune hemolytic anemia group were ((196??52± 17??46), (185??69± 18??19),(126??13 ± 11??22) ng／L),respectively,which were higher than those in control group ((72??36± 10??21) ng／L), the differences were statistically significant ( all P＜0??05)??The plasma IL?21 levels in the aplastic anemia group,immune thrombocytopenia group and autoimmune hemolytic anemia group were ((136??82±20??16),(145??92±22??18),(119??66±12??69)) ng／L,respectively,which were higher than those in control group (( 84??01 ± 9??87) ng／L), and the differences were statistically significant ( all P＜0??05)??After 2 weekly treatment,the levels of IL?17 and IL?21 in the 3 groups were significantly lower than those at the first visit (all P＜0??05)??After 3 months of treatment,the levels of IL?17 and IL?21 in the 3 groups were also significantly lower than those at the first diagnosis ( IL?17: aplastic anemia group ( 84??69 ±12??15) ng／L,immune thrombocytopenia group (90??56±11??64) ng／L,autoimmune hemolytic anemia group (62??83±5??68) ng／L;IL?21: aplastic anemia group ( 96??28± 8??84) ng／L,immunological thrombocytopenia group (103??21±10??62) ng／L,autoimmune hemolytic anemia group (78??64±9??68) g／L),and the difference were statistically significant ( all P＜0??05)??There was no significant change in the control group ( 83??84 ±9??95) ng／L(P＞0??05)??After 3 months of treatment,the total effective rates of treatment in the three groups (the aplastic anemia group 83??33%( 20／24), immunological thrombocytopenia group90??00%( 18／20), autoimmune hemolytic anemia group 75??00%( 12／16)) were higher than 2 weekly treatment ( aplastic anemia group 41??67%( 10／24 ), immunological thrombocytopenia group 40??00%( 8／20 ), autoimmune hemolytic anemia group25??00%(4／16)),and the differences were statistically significant( all P ＜0??05)??Conclusion The changes of plasma IL?17 and IL?21 levels are helpful to indicate the occurrence and progression of immune?related hematopathy,to find therapeutic targets and to improve prognosis,which has important clinical significance in the clinical diagnosis,prognosis and treatment of different types of IRH??

Expression and correlation of β-Catenin and neural cell adhesion molecule in thyroid carcinoma / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective To investigate the expression level and correlation of β-catenin and neural cell adhesion molecule(NCAM) in thyroid carcinoma.Methods In this study,the expression levels of NCAM and β-catenin in thyroid carcinoma tissues (n=62) and thyroid adenoma tissues (n=44) collected from patients treated in Wenzhou Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University from Dec.2012 to Dec.2017 were detected by immunohistochemical staining,then its correlation with clinicopathological features was analyzed.Results The positive expression rate of NCAM in thyroid carcinoma tissues was significantly lower than that in thyroid adenoma tissues (12.90％ vs 90.91％,t=63.203,P=0.000).The positive expression rate of β-catenin protein in thyroid carcinoma tissues was significantly higher than that in thyroid adenoma tissues (82.26％ vs 6.82％,t=58.608,P=0.000).NCAM and β-catenin were negatively correlated in thyroid carcinoma tissues (r=-0.220,P=0.024).The difference of NCAM expression level was not significant among thyroid carcinoma patients with different gender,age,tumor diameter,histological type or pathological stage (t=1.960,0.054,3.335,0.807,0.218;P=0.162,0.816,0.069,0.848,0.641).The expression of NCAM in cancer tissues was significantly different in patients with different lymph node metastasis (t=8.373,P=0.004).The expression of β-catenin in cancer tissues was not significant in thyroid carcinoma patients with different gender,histological type,tumor diameter,age,lymph node metastasis or pathological stage (t=0.258,2.307,0.424,0.741,2.570,0.126;P=0.612,0.511,0.515,0.389,0.109,0.722).Conclusions In thyroid carcinoma patients,NCAM is down-regulated,and β-catenin is highly expressed.Moreover,the two indicators are negatively correlated.Additionally,NCAM expression is correlated with lymph node metastasis in thyroid carcinoma patients.

FEN1 expression in oral carcinoma-associated fibroblasts and its relationship with PCNA / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@#To research the expression levels of FEN1 and PCNA in carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and analyze their correlation. @*Methods@#Fresh specimens of oral squamous cell carcinoma tissues and normal oral mucosal tissues excised during oral and maxillofacial plastic surgery were collected. Primary oral CAFs and normal fibroblasts (NFs) were obtained by tissue culture, identified by immunocytochemistry and divided into the CAF and NF groups. Western blot and quantitative real-time PCR were used to detect the protein and mRNA expression levels of both FEN1 and PCNA in the oral CAFs and NFs. The correlation between FEN1 and PCNA expression in oral CAFs was analyzed. @*Results@#Oral CAFs and oral NFs were successfully cultured and identified from 12 samples. Both the protein and mRNA expression levels of FEN1 and PCNA were higher in the oral CAFs than NFs, but there were no significant differences (P > 0.05). In the oral CAFs, the linear correlation coefficient between FEN1 and PCNA was 0.677 (P = 0.016) at the mRNA level, indicating a strong positive correlation; however, at the protein level, no correlation was found (P > 0.05). @*Conclusion@# In primary cultured oral CAFs and NFs, there were no significant differences in the FEN1 and PCNA protein and mRNA expression levels. However, in the CAFs, the mRNA levels of FEN1 and PCNA had a strong positive correlation. The relationship and the regulatory mechanism of the two genes require further study.

Effects of imperatorin and isoimperatorin on liver cytochrome P450s in mice / 中成药

AIM To investigate the effects of imperatorin and isoimperatorin on the expression of mouse liver cytochrome P450s and hepatic toxicity in mice.METHODS C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control and administration groups,which were treated with imperatorin or isoimperatorin by intragastric administration for two weeks.The effects of two compounds on mRNA expressions of major P450s isoforms were analyzed by RT-PCR.The P450 expression was determined by Western blot.The serum levels of glutamicpyruvic transaminase (GPT),glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase (GOT) and blood total bilirubin (TBIL) were detected by kits.The change of liver tissue was observed with HE staining.RESULTS The Cyp1a2 mRNA expression was significantly induced by 40 mg/kg imperatorin as compared with the control group.For isoimperatorin,the Cyp2c37 mRNA expression was significantly induced.Western blot results showed that CYP1 A2 expression was significantly induced by imperatorin.For isoimperatorin,the CYP2C and CYP2E1 expressions were significantly induced.Blood biochemical indices showed that 40 mg/kg isoimperatorin led to increased serum GOT and TBIL levels.Pathological analysis showed that both compounds (at the doses of 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg) could cause liver edema to a certain degree.CONCLUSION Imperatorin is the inducer of CYP1A2,while isoimperatorin is the inducer of CYP2C and CYP2E1.These two compounds (at the doses of 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg) can lead to damage for mouse liver.The toxicity of isoimperatorin is stronger than that of imperatorin.

Correlation of circRNAs' differential expression to negative-positive symptoms of patients with schizophrenia / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To explore the correlation of circRNAs' expression level to the negative-and positive symptoms of patients with schizophrenia (SZ).Methods Gene chip screening was performed with the peripheral blood samples from each five of SZ patients and normal controls.Nine circRNAs showing differentiate expression were confirmed,and further verification was done by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR in 102 SZ patients and 103 normal controls.All the SZ patients were assessed with Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS).Results It was revealed that the expression levels of circRNA_102101,circRNA_102315,circRNA_104597,circRNA_101835 and circRNA_101836 were significantly down-regulated (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05),and circRNA_103102 and circRNA_103704 were up-regulated in SZ group (P＜0.01).The ACT value of circRNA_102101 and circRNA_103102 was positively correlated to the positive symptoms (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05),and the ACT value of circRNA_103704 also showed positive correlation with positive symptoms and general psychopathological symptoms (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05).The ACT values of circRNA_102101,circRNA_103102,circRNA_102315,circRNA_103704 and circRNA_102802 were correlated with thinking disorder (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05),and the ACT values of circRNA_102101,circRNA_103102,circRNA_104597,circRNA_103704 and circRNA_102802 were correlated with the activation (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05).The ACT values of circRNA_102101,circRNA_103102,circRNA_103704 and circRNA_102802 were positively correlated with paranoid (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05),and of circRNA_102101,circRNA_103102,circRNA_103704 and circRNA_102802 were markedly correlated with assault (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05).Therefore,circRNA_103704 was chosen into regressive equation of positive symptoms (P＜0.01),and circRNA_103704 and circRNA_102315 were chosen into regressive equation of general pathological findings (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05).Conclusion The expression levels of circRNA_103704 and circRNA_103102 are obviously up-regulated in SZ patients than in normal controls,and markedly correlated with the negative and positive SZ symptoms,so might be the dominant regulatory factors in the pathological process of schizophrenia.

The expression of TLR4 in patients with ACS undergoing selective percutaneous coronary intervention and the effect of atorvastatin on it / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To analyzethe expression level of peripheral blood mononuclear cell Toll like receptor 4(TLR4)in patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS)undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI),and intensive atorvastatin on Toll like receptor 4 in clinical treatment.Methods 100 cases of patients with ACS were selected in our hospital from May 2014 to May 2016 were randomly divided into control group and experimental group,control group were given atorvastatin treatment after admission,20mg/d PCI postoperative continuous,after one month still maintain dose of 20mg/d.The experimental group were given atorvastatin treatment after admission,40mg/d,PCI postoperative continuous,after one month reduced to 20mg/d.After admission and a course of treatment,the expression level of peripheral blood mononuclear cells TLR4 was detected by flow cytometry and the Gensini scoring system on coronary lesion degree.At the same time,50 healthy subjects were selected as normal group.Results Compared with healthy subjects,the peripheral blood mononuclear cells TLR4 level in ACS patients has been significantly increased,and the level in patients with unstable angina pectoris is far lower than the level increased in patients with acute myocardial infarction,triple branch lesions groups were significantly higher than them in single and double branch lesion groups,the difference between the three obviously,with statistical significance(P<0.01); According to stepwise multiple linear regression and othercorrelation analysis showed that ACS category and the severity of coronary artery stenosis,coronary artery stenosis score were positively associated with the levels of TLR4(P<0.05); After treatment for one month,the levels of TLR4,the expression of low density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol levels were significantly lower,high density lipoprotein Cholesterol levels were significantly increased,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01); compared with the normal group,the experimental group peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with Toll like receptor 4 expression level,total cholesterol,low density lipoprotein cholesterol level in the experimental group is higher than the normal group,high density lipoprotein cholesterol increased significantly,comparison between groups the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01).Conclusion The degree of lesions and the occurrence of acute coronary syndrome in patients with peripheral blood mononuclear cells of Toll like receptor 4 expression level increase has certain effect,increase the dosage of atorvastatin can significantly reduce the ACS after PCI in patients with peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with Toll4 like receptor expression.

Research progress of long non-coding RNAs in colorectal cancer / 医学研究生学报

Long non-coding RNAs ( LncRNAs) are a class of RNA transcripts greater than 200 nt in length without the func-tion of protein encoding.LncRNAs, which consist of a great variety of categories and structures, regulate the associated gene expression on multiple levels, including chromatin modification, transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation, and epigenetic modification. Moreover, LncRNAs are widely involved in the physiological and pathological processes.Recently, a large number of studies have found that the abnormal expression of LncRNAs is closely related to the occurrence, development, invasion and metastasis of tumor, and plays an essential role in pathogensis of colorectal cancer.In this paper, the function of LncRNAs in colorectal cancer is reviewed, which provides a theoretical evidence for its use in the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer in clinical study.

Correlation between Expression of MMP-9, TIMP-1 and VEGF and the Invasion of Non Small Cell Lung Cancer / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To investigate the relationship between metalloproteinase-9-9 (Matrix),inhibitor-1-1 (MMP-9),metalloproteinase TIMP-1 factor (Matrix) and endothelial growth (VEGF),and to investigate the correlation between the expression of (matrix) and vascular endothelial growth factor (endothelial) and vascular endothelial growth factor (vascular).Methods Sixty-eight cases of non small cell lung cancer patients treated in fengning manchu autonomous county hospital from January to January 2014 were analyzed retrospectively,and the expression level of TIMP-1,VEGF and MMP-9 were analyzed by immunohistochemical method.Results The positive rates of MMP-9 (75％),TIMP-1 (19.12％) and VEGF (13.24％) were significantly higher than those in normal tissues (P＜0.05),MMP-9 (60.87％),VEGF (54.55％),TIMP-1 (65.22％) and VEGF (76.09％,59.09％,63.64％).The positive rates ofTIMP-1,VEGF and MMP-9 were higher than those without lymph node metastasis (P ＜0.05) Conclusion MMP-9,TIMP-1 and VEGF expression levels can predict the invasion and metastasis of non small cell lung cancer,and the three kinds of substances can promote the development and progression of lung cancer in different degrees.

Effect of Qinbai Qingfei Concentrated pellets on TGF-βand SP-A expression in lung tissue of rats infected by mycoplasmal pneumonia / 中国药理学通报

Aim To discuss the repairing mechanism of Qinbai Qingfei Concentrated pellets to lung tissue of rats infected by mycoplasma. Method 60 Wistar rats weighting 80~100 g, male to female:1 ∶ 1) were di-vided into six groups randomly ( 10 rats in each group): blank group, model group, positive group, the high、middle and low dose groups of Qinbai Qingfei Concentrated pellets. Rats were infected through nasal intubation drip of MP. After 10 days of administration, concentrations of IL-6 , IL-8 AND TNF-α in serum of MPP rats were detected. Left pulmonary tissues of rats were collected to observe the lung tissue pathological change by HE staining and right pulmonary tissues were used to detect the transforming growth factor-beta ( TGF-β) and surface activity related protein A( SP-A) mRNA expression level by real-time quantitative PCR ( RT-PCR) and TGF-βand SP-A protein expression by (Western blot. Result Qinbai Qingfei Concentrated) pellets significantly inhibited inflammation of lung tis-sue, reduced the expression of TGF-β and increased the expression of SP-A in the lung tissue of rats infec-ted by mycoplasma. Conclusion Qinbai Qingfei Con-centrated pellets can inhibit epithelial-mesenchymal transition ( EMT ) , of alveolar type Ⅱ epithelial cells by reducing the content of TGF-β and restore the nor-mal morphology and function of the lung by increasing the expression of SP-A.

Ribosome Profiling for Biomarker Discovery / 日本補完代替医療学会誌

It has been well known that protein level is estimated by the expression level of its mRNA. However, it is also argued that correlation between mRNA abundance and protein levels is weaker than previously thought. Recently a newly developed technique called ribosome profiling has drawn attention as a drastic countermeasure to improve the weak correlation. Here it is discussed that weak association of protein and mRNA levels seen in genome-wide analysis of gene expression such as microarray is attributable to post-transcriptional regulation including translational inhibition. This review further discusses how these issues are resolved by ribosome profiling and also addresses a possibility of biomarker discovery derived from this technique.<br>

Gene cloning and expression level of chalcone isomerase during florescence and content of flavonoids in Fagopyrum dibotrys / 中草药

Objective: To clone and analyze the full-length cDNA of chalcone isomerase (CHI) gene from Fagopyrum dibotrys (FdCHI). To analyze the expression of CHI and the total flavonoids content during florescence of F. dibotrys. Methods: The cDNA sequence of CHI was cloned by homology cloning from F. dibotrys. The expression of CHI was analyzed in the different tissues during florescence by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The content of total flavonoids was measured by AlCl3 method. Results: The open reading frame (ORF) of FdCHI was 750 bp and encoded a protein with 249 amino acids. Bioinforamtion analysis suggested that the amino acid sequence of FdCHI had the high homology with those in other plants. Gene expression analysis showed that FdCHI was highly expressed in the flowers, followed by the roots and leaves, while lower in the stems. The content of total flavonoids was the highest in the flowers then the leaves and stems, and the lowest was in the roots. Conclusion: The cDNA sequence of FdCHI is firstly obtained from F. dibotrys and its coding protein has the typical characteristic of CHI homologous protein. The gene expression of FdCHI shows the same to the total flavonoids content in the stems, leaves, and flowers, but different in the roots of F. dibotrys.

Study on effect of VEGF expression level and sources on tumor induced angiogenesis by numerical simulation / 医用生物力学

Objective To investigate the effect of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression level and sources on tumor-induced angiogenesis by numerical simulation. Methods A two-dimensional discrete mathematical model of tumor-induced angiogenesis was developed to simulate the growth of microvascular networks inside and outside of the tumor, focusing on endothelial cell proliferation, degradation, random motility, chemotaxis, haptotaxis and stromal-derived VEGF and tumor-derived VEGF. The relationship between VEGF derived by each compartment and tumor microvessel density was discussed. Results The high VEGF region was consistent with proliferating cell and tumor periphery regions in which microvascular density was also high. The simulation demonstrated that an enlargement of proliferating cell region could lead to higher VEGF expression level and higher microvascular density. However, for different types of tumors, the correlations between different VEGF expression sources and microcascular density were not significant. Conclusions The effect of VEGF expression level and source on VEGF-mediated angiogenesis can be investigated by the proposed model. Particularly, taking VEGF expression from different sources into consideration could be a useful modeling tool for anti-VEGF targeted therapies.