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Background@#Myocardial perfusion scintigraphy images with iterative reconstruction showed higher qualitative and quantitative estimates. @*Objective@#This study was conducted to compare image quality, diagnostic accuracy, and LV parameters with standard FBP versus OSEM as baseline quality assurance for the choice of reconstruction algorithm most applicable in the local setting. @*Methods@#This was a retrospective cross-sectional study of 55 Thallium-201 (Tl-201) scans and 14 Techentium-99m sestamibi (Tc-99m) images that were reprocessed with filtered backprojection (FBP) and with ordered subset expectation maximization (OSEM). The image quality, diagnostic accuracy, and LV parameters of both SPECT reconstructions were compared.@*Results@#OSEM reconstruction resulted in a significantly smooth background tracer activity as opposed to the standard FBP in both Tl-201 (p<0.01) and Tc-99m (p=0.01) scans. Distinct LV border was superiorly seen in OSEM. There was no significant difference in the diagnostic accuracy between the two reconstruction parameters despite 2 cases of interpretation discrepancies. End-diastolic volume generated by OSEM was significantly higher (117.60+55.14 vs 118.51+55.11, p<0.01 in Tl-201 and 101.07+75.58 vs 104.29+80.39, p =0.01 in Tc-99m). With Tc-99m scans the end-systolic volume and ejection fraction in OSEM were likewise significantly different from FBP (p=0.04 and p<0.01, respectively).@*Conclusion@#OSEM reconstruction offers smooth background tracer activity with comparable diagnostic accuracy to FBP. All the LV parameters in OSEM were significantly different from FBP in Tc-99m scans and only the EDV in thallium images.
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Limb and CNS expressed 1 like (LIX1L) is over-expressed in several types of tumors. However, the function of LIX1L in glucose metabolism and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression remains elusive. Here we report that LIX1L is over-expressed in human HCC tissues, which predicts unfavorable prognosis. LIX1L deficiency
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Objective: To study the inhibitory effect of the medicine group of promoting blood circulation and removing stasis (PBCRS) on breast cancer induced by 7, 12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) in rats, and screen out and verify key genes based on RNA Sequencing (RNA-seq) technology and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). Method: Totally 96 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into blank group, DMBA model control group, tamoxifen (TAM) group (1.9 mg·kg-1·d-1), high-dose, middle-dose and low-dose PBCRS groups (12.96, 6.48, 3.24 g·kg-1·d-1). One week after drug intervention, except for the blank group, the DMBA was used to induce the rat model of breast cancer (with an interval of a week, irrigation for two times at the dose of 100 mg·kg-1). After 10 weeks, the changes in tumor weight and tumor volume were observed. The total RNA was extracted by total RNA extraction kit, and three RNA samples were collected from the DMBA model control group and the middle-dose PBCRS group for genetic testing. Based on RNA-seq, key differential genes were screened out and verified by Real-time PCR. Result: Comparing with the DMBA model control group, the tumor volume and tumor weight in middle-dose PBCRS group were decreased significantly (PPConclusion: PBCRS may inhibit the occurrence of breast cancer by interfering with the expression of FBP1 in breast cancer tissue.
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OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical and molecular genetic characteristics of 2 cases of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase deficiency in the same family to provide evidence for the precise treatment,genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis.METHODS: Clinical data were collected from 2 patients with hypoglycemia encephalopathy,and molecular genetic analysis was performed using targeted capture next-generation sequencing. RESULTS: The 2 patients were siblings,the male proband was 7 years old,mainly manifested with convulsions after hunger or ingestion of a large amount of fructose,accompanied by ketoacidosis;clinical diagnosis was hypoglycemia encephalopathy,and fructose metabolism abnormalities was suspected. The younger brother was 4 years old,mainly showing hunger and sweating in the morning,stomach ache after eating fruit,and convulsion episode once after hunger. Next-generation sequencing results showed that the siblings had c.333+1＿2 delinsTC and c.490 G>A compound heterozygous mutations in the FBP1 gene,and their parents were carriers with normal phenotype.The c.333+1＿2 delins TCis a novel mutation,c.490 G>A is a reported pathogenic mutation,and the two patients were diagnosed with fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase deficiency genetically. CONCLUSION: For children with unexplained hypoglycemia,convulsions and metabolic acidosis,the fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase deficiency should be considered. Early genetic analysis is helpful to clarify the cause,make precise treatment and improve prognosis.
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Objectives To explore the genetic diagnosis of fructose 1,6 diphosphatase deficiency and analysis of mutation sites of its pathogenic genes. Methods The clinical data and the related results of gene panel screening in one child with fructose 1, 6 diphosphatase (FBPase) deficiency were retrospectively reviewed. Results The 2-year-old girl suffered repeated infection, nausea, vomiting, mental illness, and drowsiness, accompanied by intermittent convulsions. Blood biochemical tests sμggested hypoglycemia and acidosis.The FBP1 gene had a missense mutation,c.355G>A,p.Asp119Asn(isozygoty).Both her parents carried the locus variation (heterozygous). Conclusions Fructose 1, 6 diphosphatase deficiency should be considered when child with hypoglycemia after repeated infection, acidosis, and ketosis.
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Lacidipine (LCDP) is a dihydropyridine derivative categorized as an Anti-hypertensive Ca+2 channel blocker belonging to BCS class IV drug with low solubility and low permeability which presents a challenge to the formulation scientists. The development of a solid dispersion by solvent evaporation is a practically viable method to enhance dissolution of LCDP from oral dosage form. Solvent evaporation by Fluidized Bed Process (FBP) was the method of choice for SD as it improves wettability with simultaneous increase in porosity of granules resulting enhanced surface area producing higher dissolution rate and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drug. Thus, the main object of the present invention is to provide stable pharmaceutical dosage form of LCDP with desired dissolution rate i.e. at least 80% drug release within 45 minutes, without use of disintegrant(s) and/or surfactant(s) or without micronization of the active ingredient per se. One more object of this invention is to provide a sophisticated robust process for the preparation of said pharmaceutical dosage form by Quality by Design (QbD) concept focusing on thorough understanding of the product and process by which it is developed and manufactured along with a knowledge of the risks involved in manufacturing by IRMA & FMEA study of the product with process and how best to mitigate those risks by developing design space with DoE & MVDA with outlined control strategy.
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Objective: So far, CT back projection technology is already quite mature, this article is a basic research for CT back projection technology, which uses software method to realize back-projection technology, so that you can have a better under-standing of CT back-projection technology. It uses computer soflware programming to realize computer simulation of CT back-projection reconstruction: algorithm is CT back projection algorithm. While realizing back-projection reconstruction, we can choose a suitable faltering function to process received image data in finquency domain, so as to achieve the purpose of the elimination of simple back-projection arising from star-shaped artifact. Methods: The programming environment uses VC soft-ware platform integrated development environment ODE). It bases on the CT filtering back-projection reconstruction algorithm and develops a PC software of graphic user interface. By choosing the value of the various parameters related to the back-pro-jection, we can obtain different effect of back-projection reconstruction image, so that we can compare the result of different pa-rameters to get important factors which effects CT filter back-projection most. Results: We realize the simulation of image re-construction of standard phantom. The interface is easy, so makes it very convenient for deeper understanding of back-projec-tion reconstruction, at the same time the filtering function based on the frequency domain also partly eliminates the star artifact caused by reconstruction process. The reconstruction image of the standard phantom achieves the desired effect. Conclusions: The software simulation of the back-projectiun reconstruction can show the process of recoustruction clearly. By change the val-ue of the parameters, we can have a better understanding of the reconstruction algorithm, so that we can find more suitable fil-tering function.
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En este caso clínico presentamos un paciente con diagnóstico de Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica internado en paro respiratorio secundario a neumotórax derecho espontáneo hipertensivo. Ante hipoxemia refractaria por persistencia de neumotórax derecho, con fístula broncopleural, eventos repetidos de atelectasia izquierda con dificultades para resolver mediante ventilación convencional, fibroncoscopia y kinesioterapia, se decide aplicar ventilación pulmonar diferencial (VPD). La VPD fue aplicada con dos ventiladores no sincronizados y PEEP diferencial. El destete fue progresivo, volviendo a modos convencionales con tubo un lumen y traqueostomia. Se realizó extubación exitosa, egresando de la Terapia Intensiva al día 33 del ingreso y del hospital al día 48. En el seguimiento a 7 meses recuperó su capacidad funcional previa y se reintegró a sus tareas laborales habituales. La VPD puede ser útil en pacientes seleccionados cuando la ventilación convencional no obtiene una respuesta adecuada en el adecuado sostenimiento de la ventilación pulmonar.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Respiration, Artificial , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive , Pneumothorax , Bronchial FistulaABSTRACT
PURPOSE: SPECT using a fan-beam collimator improves spatial resolution and sensitivity. For the reconstruction from fan-beam projections, it is necessary to implement direct fan-beam reconstruction methods without transforming the data into the parallel geometry. In this study, various fan-beam reconstruction algorithms were implemented and their performances were compared. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The projector for fan-beam SPECT was implemented using a ray-tracing method. The direct reconstruction algorithms implemented for fan-beam projection data were FBP (filtered backprojection), EM (expectation maximization), OS-EM (ordered subsets EM) and MAP-EM OSL (maximum a posteriori EM using the one-step late method) with membrane and thin-plate models as priors. For comparison, the fan-beam projection data were also rebinned into the parallel data using various interpolation methods, such as the nearest neighbor, bilinear and bicubic interpolations, and reconstructed using the conventional EM algorithm for parallel data. Noiseless and noisy projection data from the digital Hoffman brain and Shepp/Logan phantoms were reconstructed using the above algorithms. The reconstructed images were compared in terms of a percent error metric. RESULTS: For the fan-beam data with Poisson noise, the MAP-EM OSL algorithm with the thin-plate prior showed the best result in both percent error and stability. Bilinear interpolation was the most effective method for rebinning from the fan-beam to parallel geometry when the accuracy and computation load were considered. Direct fan-beam EM reconstructions were more accurate than the standard EM reconstructions obtained from rebinned parallel data. CONCLUSION: Direct fan-beam reconstruction algorithms were implemented, which provided significantly improved reconstructions.