Subcutaneous lateral brow lift, an option with local anesthesia / Levantamiento de cejas lateral con acceso subcutáneo, una opción con anestesia local

The aim of this article is to present a case series of subcutaneous lateral brow lifts withlocal anesthesia. The case series includes 9 subjects operated on between 2014 and 2016, with an averageage of 57 years and with no limitations on ethnic group or gender. The surgery was done bilaterally entirelyunder local anesthesia. After a minimum follow-up of 3 months, no major complications were observed, onlypartial suture dehiscence at two surgical sites that did not require surgical management of the zone. Goodresults were established, being fast, economical and with low morbidity. It is concluded that the subcutaneousbrow lift with local anesthesia can be applied with a low rate of complications and good results.

El objetivo de este articulo es presentar una serie de casos operados para levantamiento lateral de cejas, con disección subcutánea y con uso de anestesia local. Se diseño un estudio de serie de casos, incluyendo 9 sujetos operados entre el año 2014 y 2016, con una edad promedio de 57 años y sin restricción de etnia o sexo. Se realizó la cirugía totalmente bajo anestesia local de forma bilateral. Después de un seguimiento mínimo de 3 meses, no se observaron complicaciones mayores, presentado solo dehiscencia parcial de sutura en dos sitios quirúrgico que no requirieron manejo quirúrgico de la zona; se establecieron buenos resultados, siendo ellos rápidos, de baja morbilidad y de bajo costo. Se concluye que la técnica de levantamiento de cejas con disección subcutánea y anestesia local puede ser aplicado con bajo índice de complicaciones y buenos resultados.

Fonoaudiología y estética facial: experiencia de Brasil en la atención primaria de salud / speech therapy and facial esthetic: experience of Brazil in primary health care

La fonoaudiología es una disciplina relativamente nueva en Chile por lo cual se encuentra en pleno proceso de crecimiento y desarrollo. En este contexto, en el área de Motricidad Orofacial ha surgido hace algunos años una subespecialidad denominada “estética facial” que aborda la musculatura facial y sus alteraciones, ya sean secundarias al proceso natural de envejecimiento y/o a factores externos. Brasil, país pionero en esta práctica, ha desarrollado diversos planes de intervención en salud. A través de la creación de Núcleos de Apoyo a la Salud de la Familia, se ha incluido la estética facial en el contexto de atención primaria de salud. Es así que en la ciudad de Sete Lagoas, Minas Gerais se ha desarrollado un programa de estética facial con el objetivo de fomentar la integración del cuidado físico y mental de los usuarios. La evidencia científica muestra los resultados de la fonoaudiología estética, relajando la musculatura facial, disminuyendo arrugas y líneas de expresión y mejorando la sensación de bienestar de las personas. Se plantea la importancia de ampliar el conocimiento del profesional fonoaudiólogo chileno y desarrollar nuevas áreas de desempeño para contribuir en el beneficio de la población...

Speech Therapy is relatively new discipline in Chile, therefore, it is in the process of growth and development. As part of the orofacial motricity area, a new specialty has began to develop: Facial esthetic. This new area deals with facial muscles and their alterations caused by natural aging processes and/or external factors. Brazil, a pioneer country in this practice, has developed several health intervention plans. In this respect, facial esthetic has been included in the context of primary health care, through the creation of Family Health Support Centers. For instance, a program of facial esthetic has been implemented in the city of Sete Lagoas, Minas Gerais. This program aims to promote the integration of physical and mental care. Scientific evidence shows that esthetic’s speech therapy produce relaxation of facial muscles, reducing wrinkles and fine lines and improving the people’s sense of well-being. Therefore, increasing the knowledge about this area in Chilean speech therapists and developing new areas of professional performance would be important issues to address...

Influencia del índice de masa corporal en las características faciales de mujeres jóvenes: resultados preliminares / Body mass index influence in facial pattern of young women. preliminary results

La posición y volumen de tejidos blandos de la cara generan la necesidad de una planificación precisa al momento de cirugias faciales; la influencia del tejidos adiposo en estas caracteristicas puede estar presente. El objetivo de este estudio es identificar las medidas volumétricas y no volumétricas de puntos antropométricos faciales y establecer su relación con el índice de masa corporal (IMC). Se analizaron 29 sujetos del sexo femenino de entre 20 y 25 años de edad (promedio de 22,5 años). Se incluyeron sujetos con auto percepcion de normalidad facial y sin condiciones previas asociadas a trauma, cirugia facial u ortodoncia. Se realizó una secuencia de analisis facial realizando medidas con hilo sobre la cara y con pie de metro en los mismos puntos, estudiando distancias entre puntos antropometricos previamente definidos. Inicialmente se realizo el estudio de peso y talla de los sujetos mediante condiciones estandarizadas. En la tercera etapa se realizaron radiografías laterales en cada sujeto realizando mediciones sobre la radiografia para identificar el tejido blando presente en la región labio superior e inferior, punto A, punto B y pogonion. El analisis de datos se realizo con t test de muestras relacionadas, considerando un valor de p 0.05; el análisis estadístico ANOVA se utilizó para definir la influencia del IMC sobre las variables estudiadas. El peso obtenido registró un promedio de 57,6 kg (+/-8,3 kg) y la talla presento un promedio de 1,6mt; el IMC obtenido fue de 22,5, registrándose 2 sujetos considerados en peso inferior al normal, 20 con peso normal, 6 en sobrepeso y 1 con obesidad. Se observo que las variables volumetricas fueron diferentes a las variables no volumetricas de la cara y se asociaron significativamente con el IMC. El IMC no presento relación positiva con las mediciones realizadas en radiografias laterales; finalmente el IMC tambien no se asocio a la auto percepcion de estética facial (p=0.069)...

The position and volume of the face soft-tissue yield the necessity of a precise plan at the facial surgery time; the influence of the adipose tissue on these characteristics can be present. The aim of this study is to identify the volumetric and non-volumetric measures of anthropometrics facial points and his relationship with the Body Mass Index (BMI). It was been analyzed 29 female subjects between 20 and 25 years old (mean 22.5 years). It was include subjects with self-perception of facial normalcy and without conditions associated to trauma, facial surgery or orthodontic treatment. It was made a sequence of facial analysis measuring with a thread over the face and a caliper the same points, studying distances between anthropometrics points previous define. Previously, it was made a study of the weight and size of the subjects, through standards conditions. At the third stage it was made lateral radiographs to identify the soft tissue present at the superior and inferior lip region, point A, point B and Pogonion. The data analysis was made with the t test of relationship samples, considering a p value 0.05; the statistics analysis ANOVA was used to define the influence of the BMI over the variables. The weight registered a mean of 57.7 kg (+/-8,3 kg) and the size performed a mean of 1.6 m.; the BMI acquired was 22.5, registering, being 2 subjects considerate inferior to the normal weight, 6 overweight and 1 obesity. It was seem that the volumetric variables were different to volumetric variables of the face and they were associated significantly with the IMC. The IMC didn´t show positive relationship with the measures made on the laterals radiographies; finally, the BMI, as well, did not associate to the self-perception of facial aesthetic (p=0.069). It is possible to conclude that the BMI influence the measures obtained on the face and did not influence on the register made over the laterals radiographs.

Photometric study of divine proportion and its correlation with facial attractiveness

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate if there is correlation between perception of facial esthetic and divine proportion, verifying if most attractive faces are closer to and less attractive faces are more distant to this proportion. METHODS: Standard facial photographs (frontal and lateral) in natural head position were taken of a sample of 85 Brazilian Caucasian women, with mean age of 23 years and 9 months. The photographs were evaluated by 5 orthodontists, 5 artists and 5 laymen and were classified, according to their subjective analysis of facial esthetic, in pleasant, acceptable and not pleasant. Frontal photographs were evaluated by divine proportion analysis using the computerized method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: According to subjective analysis the sample consisted 18.8% of pleasant, 70.6% of acceptable and 10.6% of not pleasant faces. After statistical analysis, a lack of agreement was verified in esthetic facial preferences among the three groups of observers. It was also possible to verify that in this research there was no correlation between perception of facial beauty and divine proportion.