Evaluation of the Effects of Mandibular Angle Sagittal Ostectomy and Botulinum Toxin Type A Treatment using Facial Golden Mask

PURPOSE: A lower facial contouring surgery has become a commonly performed procedure in Asia. Currently, mandibular angle sagittal ostectomy and botulinum toxin type A treatment are main procedures for aesthetic correction of a broad lower face. There are a few data to show the differences in the mandibular contouring changes between mandibular angle splitting ostectomy and botulinum toxin type A treatment. Facial golden mask is easy to apply, inexpensive, and relatively objective in evaluating facial contour analysis. This study was designed specifically to compare the changes in lower face width after two different forms of lower facial contouring procedure using facial golden mask. METHODS: Seventeen patients, with the ages ranged from 18 to 55 years(mean, 28.6 years), 15 women and 2 men, consented to the study and receive a contouring procedure of lower face. The patients were classified into 2 groups. In group A, the sample consisted of 10 patients with a prominent squared mandibular angle and mandibular angle splitting ostectomy was performed. In group B, the sample consisted of 7 patients with masseteric hypertrophy and botulinum toxin type A treatment was performed. Photographs of the face were taken to record the facial change at preoperative and postoperative. The postoperative photographs were taken to considered maximal effect in 2 years after the surgery in group A, and 4.8 months after the treatment in group B. The authors applied the facial golden mask to preoperative and postoperative photographs and horizontal ratio, which compares facial width with golden mask width, were calculated. We made an analysis of the result of horizontal ratio using SPSS. RESULTS: Overall average horizontal ratio of pre- and postoperative photos of group A were 1.24 and 1.11, whereas overall average horizontal ratio of pre- and postoperative photos of group B were 1.19 and 1.12. The horizontal ratio decreased 10.24% in group A and 5.93% in group B. There was a statistically significant changes in before and after treatment, but there was no significant change in comparing the group A and group B. CONCLUSION: The results from this study suggest that mandibular angle sagittal ostectomy and botulinum toxin type A treatment showed relatively satisfactory clinical effects on lower facial contouring treatment. There were no statistical significant differences within two lower facial contouring treatment. Facial golden mask is easy to apply, inexpensive, and relatively objective, so we think that facial golden mask is a good method for evaluation of lower facial contouring treatment.

Horizontal Ratio of the Korean University Student's Face and Facial Golden Mask

PURPOSE: Many attempts have been made to describe ideal facial proportions for over two thousands year and constantly lasted till now. Dr. Marquardt has derived supposedly ideal facial proportions from the facial golden mask using golden ratio of 1:1.618. On the other hand, facial reducing surgeries such as mandible angle reduction are popularized in Asia because the width of mid and lower face of Korean is recognized to be wider. The purpose is to analyze characters of Korean university students' faces in horizontal plane and establish the objective data for facial width distributions and clinical applications. METHODS: We applied the facial golden mask to the photographs in 1000 cases, compared the width of mid and lower face between the facial golden mask and Korean university students' faces. And we first calculated the horizontal ratio(HR) of middle and lower face each for using comparative scale of width, facial golden mask. We divided 1,000 cases into 3 groups by degrees of HR and analyzed data of HR on each groups. Using calculated horizontal ratio, we newly invented the cumulative frequency of distribution graphs in Korean university students' faces. RESULTS: Mean data of HR were over 1.0 in all groups, which means that Korean university students' faces are typically wider than facial golden mask in horizontal planes. And this study was statistically significant(p- value<0.05). Clinically using the cumulative frequency distributions of Korean university students' face width, we can easily explain changes of facial width to patient after facial reducing surgery and describe the changes into objective data. CONCLUSION: This study concludes thatKorean university students' faces are wider than facial golden mask is significantly true and the cumulative frequency of distribution graphs are expected to be widely used for comparison of results in facial reducing surgery.

Easy Facial Analysis Using Facial Golden Mask

For over two thousand years, many artists and scientists have tried to understand or quantify the form of the perfect, ideal, or the most beautiful face both in art and in vivo(life). However, this mathematical relationship has been consistently and repeatedly reported to be present in beautiful things. This particular relationship is referred to as the golden ratio. It is a mathematical ratio of 1.618:1 that seems to appear recurrently in beautiful things in nature as well as in other things that are seen as beautiful. Dr. Marquardt made the facial golden mask that contains and includes all of the 1-dimensional and 2-dimensional geometric golden element formed from the golden ratio. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of the golden facial mask. In our cases(n=40), the authors applied the facial golden mask to the preoperative and postoperative photographs, and scored each photograph. Compared with the average scores of the facial mask applied photographs and none applied photographs using non-parametric test, statistical significance was not checked (p>0.05). It means that the facial golden mask can be used for facial analysis. The facial golden mask is easy to apply, cheap and relatively objective. So, the authors introduce the one of useful facial analyses.