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1.
Rev. medica electron ; 43(6): 1660-1673, dic. 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1409683

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Las reacciones cutáneas a drogas son cada vez más frecuentes en edades pediátricas, con un alto impacto en la salud de los niños. Pueden manifestarse en formas muy disímiles, desde un exantema transitorio hasta cuadros graves con afectación multisistémica potencialmente fatales. En la presente revisión se hace énfasis en las farmacodermias graves en la infancia, con el objetivo de promover el conocimiento por parte del personal médico para facilitar su diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno. Se desarrolló una búsqueda en la Biblioteca Virtual de Salud de Infomed y en Google: se revisaron 28 trabajos científicos sin limitación de año y país, 24 de ellos pertenecen a los últimos cinco años y de estos 17 a los últimos tres. El dominio de los elementos para el diagnóstico precoz y las opciones terapéuticas son indispensables para elegir la conducta adecuada frente a estas reacciones cutáneas graves y disminuir la morbimortalidad por estas afecciones (AU).


ABSTRACT Skin reactions to drugs are increasingly common at pediatric ages, with a high impact on children's health. They can appear in very dissimilar forms, from a transient rash to serious pictures with potentially fatal multisystem involvement. This review focuses on severe pharmacodermies in the childhood, with the aim of promoting medical staff knowledge to facilitate their timely diagnosis and treatment. A search was led in the Infomed Virtual Health Library and in Google: 28 scientific papers were reviewed without limitation of year and country, 24 of them belong to the last five years and from these 17 to the last three. Mastery of the elements for early diagnosis and therapeutic options are indispensable to choose the appropriate behavior against these serious skin reactions and to decrease morbidity and mortality due to these conditions (AU).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Skin Manifestations , Child , Pharmaceutical Preparations/administration & dosage , Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/diagnosis , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/complications , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/drug therapy
2.
Rev. méd. Paraná ; 76(2): 56-72, 2018.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1343247

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Identificar o perfil epidemiológico das reações adversas a medicamentos (RAM). Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico retrospectivo e quantitativo do prontuário de 58 pacientes atendidos entre janeiro de 2006 a dezembro de 2015 quanto a sexo, idade, drogas envolvidas e quais reações adversas. Resultados: As RAM ocorreram com frequência de 0,92 a 6,74% de todas as reações. Houve prevalência de 55,2% masculinos em todas as faixas etárias, exceto entre 20-30 e 60-70 anos e 50% na idade adulta entre 20-50 anos. As dermatites, eritemas e a erupção fixa foram as principais (51,1%). Os medicamentos mais frequentes foram os antibióticos (ATB) 24,5%; atuantes no sistema nervoso central (ASNC) 20,8% e anti-inflamatórios não hormonais (AINH) 19,7%. Em 18 casos não foi possível identificar a droga causadora. Conclusão: As RAM ocorrem em média 3,28% ao ano, sendo 55,2% masculinos e 50% estavam entre 20 e 50 anos. As principais drogas foram ATB, ASNC e AINH


Objectives: Identify the epidemiological profile of adverse drug reactions (ADR). Methodology: Retrospective and quantitative epidemiological study of 58 patients' medical records treated from January 2006 to December 2015 about sex, age, involved drugs and the which adverse reactions. Results: ADRs occurred in the frequency around 0.92 to 6.74% of all reactions. There was a prevalence of 55.2% in males, also predominated if divided into age groups except those between 20-30 and 60-70 years and 50% between 20-50 years old. Dermatitis, erythema and rash were the main fixed, representing more than half the sample (51.1%). The most common drugs were antibiotics (ABX) 24.5% drugs that act on central nervous system (CNSA) 20.8% and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) 19.7%. In 18 cases it was not possible to identify the triggering drug. Conclusion: ADRs occur on average 3.28% per year, and 55.2% male and 50% were between 20 and 50 years old. The main drugs were ABX, CNSA and NSAIDs

3.
Pediatr. mod ; 51(3)mar. 2015.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-749107

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: O presente artigo tem como objetivo relatar um caso de necrólise epidérmica tóxica (NET), bem como trazer breve revisão da literatura. Descrição: Relatamos o caso de uma criança que desenvolveu necrólise epidérmica tóxica após uso de dipirona. Discutimos brevemente seus aspectos clínicos, os diagnósticos diferenciais mais relevantes e o tratamento. Comentários: Necrólise epidérmica tóxica é uma farmacodermia rara, embora de extrema gravidade. O diagnóstico deve ser precoce e a suspensão da droga imediata, seguida do tratamento de suporte intensivo. O curso da doença tende a ser autolimitado, mas a incidência de complicações, em especial a sepse, é responsável pelos altos índices de morbimortalidade.

4.
Acta méd. (Porto Alegre) ; 33(1): [6], 21 dez. 2012.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-881485

ABSTRACT

Reações cutâneas são as reações adversas a medicamentos mais freqüentes, ocorrendo em 2% de todos os tratamentos. O objetivo deste trabalho é realizar uma revisão das drogas mais frequentemente envolvidas na Síndrome de Stevens-Johnson e na Necrólise Epidérmica Tóxica, assim como determinar o quadro clínico, diagnóstico e tratamento.


Skin reactions are the most frequent adverse reaction, accounting for 2% of treatments. The aim of this paper is to review those drugs that mainly cause Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic skin necrolysis and to determine clinical symptoms, diagnosis and management.


Subject(s)
Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Pharmaceutical Preparations , Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
5.
Rev. invest. clín ; 57(6): 770-774, Nov.-Dec. 2005. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-632397

ABSTRACT

Objective. To evaluate the incidence of adverse cutaneous drug reactions in intensive care unit patients. Design. Cohort study. Setting. General adult intensive care unit of an institutional tertiary care hospital. Patients. Patients in the intensive care unit during a consecutive 8-month period were examined for adverse cutaneous drug reactions. Results. Patients in the intensive care unit have an incidence of 11.6% of adverse cutaneous drug reactions. Associated risk factors were female gender, obesity, age over 60 and immune dysregulation (systemic lupus erythematosus, dysthyroidism, and antiphospholipid antibodies syndrome). Few patients had previous history of adverse cutaneous drug reactions. Antimicrobials were the main drug involved. Morbilliform rash followed by urticary were the most frequently observed reactions. Interestingly, over 50% of patients with massive edema -independent of etiology- died. Conclusions. Intensive care unit patients are particularly at risk for developing an adverse cutaneous drug reaction.


Se realizó un estudio de cohorte en la Unidad de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) de un hospital de tercer nivel para evaluar la incidencia de reacciones cutáneas adversas a drogas. Se examinaron todos los pacientes internados en dicha unidad durante un periodo consecutivo de ocho meses. Observamos una incidencia de reacciones adversas a medicamentos de 11.6%. Los factores de riesgo asociados fueron sexo femenino, obesidad, edad mayor a 60 años y alteraciones inmu-nológicas (lupus eritematoso sistémico, distiroidismo y síndrome de antifosfolípido). Los antimicrobianos fueron los principales medicamentos involucrados. La erupción morbiliforme y la urticaria fueron las reacciones más frecuentes. Un hallazgo interesante fue que más de 50% de los pacientes con anasarca fallecieron. Concluimos que los pacientes internados en la UTI son particularmente susceptibles para desarrollar una reacción adversa cutánea a medicamentos.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Drug Eruptions/epidemiology , Intensive Care Units/statistics & numerical data , Age Factors , Academies and Institutes/statistics & numerical data , Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/adverse effects , Autoimmune Diseases/epidemiology , Cohort Studies , Comorbidity , Edema/mortality , Immunocompromised Host , Incidence , Mexico/epidemiology , Obesity/epidemiology , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors , Sex Factors
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