ABSTRACT
Background: The lack of vitamin D deficiency has been found to be closely associated with many health problems such as metabolic syndrome, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes. This interest has also arisen due to the identification that most cells, along with the pancreatic beta-cells, incorporate the vitamin D receptor. Aims and Objectives: In this study, we tested the potential anti-diabetic effect of cholecalciferol, one of the vitamin D analogs, alone or in combination with vildagliptin in type 2 diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Type 2 diabetic model rats were induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin followed by nicotinamide. Rats were assigned into five groups each of six rats divided as follows: Normal (non-diabetic) control (Group A), untreated diabetic group receiving the vehicles only (Group B), cholecalciferol-treated group (Group C), vildagliptin-treated group (Group D), and group receiving a combination of cholecalciferol and vildagliptin (Group E). The treatment course lasted for 1 month. For the estimation of fasting blood sugar, the rats were kept deprived of food overnight and were allowed free access to water. Blood samples were collected from the tail of rat with the help of glucometer. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20 software. One-way ANOVA test was used to compare the effect of drugs on different group. Post hoc analysis was done using Turkeys HSD (honestly significant difference) test. Differences were considered significant at (P < 0.05). Results: Mean FBS value of vitamin D, vildagliptin, and their combination was 181.50 mg/dl, 95.0 mg/dl, and 84.83 mg/dl on day 28. It showed that the combination of both drugs acquired much closer value of FBS as compared to normal non-diabetic control group and thus achieved normal glucose level more effectively. Furthermore, coadministration showed greater fall in fasting blood glucose at the extent of 61.15% as compared to 56.45% by vildagliptin and 17% by cholecalciferol alone on day 28. Conclusion: Therefore, it may be suggested through this study that vitamin D has blood glucose lowering property and coadministration of vitamin D and vildagliptin potentiate the action of each other.
ABSTRACT
The study was analysed to ?nd out the relationship of psychological well being with blood glucose levels of diabetic type II subjects. Only aged male patients (N=30) were selected as subjects for this study and age ranged from 45 to 55 years. The fasting blood glucose level was measured for the measurement of these glucose levels to the nearest mg/dl. Carol Ryff psychological well-being questionnaire was used for measuring the psychological well-being. Co- ef?cient correlation method was applied to investigate the relationship of depression with blood glucose levels. The results of this study suggest that there is a negative relationship between blood glucose level and the psychological well-being at 0.05 level of con?dence.
ABSTRACT
Background: Being overweight is a risk factor in developing many chronic diseases, and globally, the frequency of obesity rapidly increases. Our study aims to investigate the effects of an exercise program on Body Mass Index (BMI) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) level in overweight and obese subjects who have a diet program. Methods: 61 overweight and obese women subjects were included in this study. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups. The Control Group (CG) was included 32 women and received only a diet program. And, Experimental Group (EG) was included 29 women and received both diet and exercise program. A dietitian recorded weight, height, and BMI, and fasting blood glucose levels were recorded by blood test asking from subjects before and after program. Results: There was statistically significant decrease in BMI in both groups (p<0,05). When the CG and the EG group were compared, there was more decrease in the EG group. Fasting blood glucose level decreased statistically significantly in the exercise and diet groups (p <0.05). When the mean changes between the groups were compared, the difference in the FBG level in the exercise and diet groups was not statistically found even though it was higher than the dietary group. Conclusion: The 6-week exercise program which was applied in addition to diet programs for overweight and obese people led to improvement in BMI and FBG level, we think that a multidisciplinary team should follow these people.
ABSTRACT
Background: With the advent of multimodality treatment approach, the number of cancer survivors is increasing which push us further to increase our knowledge on potential sites which could be exploited for the survival benefit of the patients. Insulin resistance has long been known to be a risk factor in various malignancies including breast, colon and endometrium. Insulin, a member of the family of growth factors that includes insulin-like growth factors IGF 1, IGF II, exerts mitogenic effects on normal and mitogenic breast epithelial cells acting via insulin and IGF 1 receptor. Insulin resistance leads to overexpression of the above-mentioned receptors and malignant transformation of cells. Aim of the study: To assess the prevalence of insulin resistance in non-diabetic carcinoma breast patients and to document fasting insulin levels in the same cohort of patients. Materials and methods: This was a prospective study conducted in the Department of General Surgery, Government Stanley Medical College in 2018. This study included all patients diagnosed as carcinoma breast, who was a non-diabetic. The relevant details collected included a clinical, radiological, pathological and biochemical profile of patients with carcinoma breast. Results: In our study, the majority of the patients had T3 lesion, with an almost equal incidence of T2. The incidence of T1 lesion was almost nil, which might indirectly indicate the lack of identification of carcinoma breast at an earlier stage in spite of widespread screening tests and campaign. In our study, the prevalence of insulin resistance was 17.2%. Five patients out of 29 of our study group had fasting insulin levels > 25µIU/L and found to have insulin resistance, with blood glucose levels within normal range. Conclusion: The study stated that insulin resistance which is considered a risk factor for many cancers, including carcinoma breast, might be prevalent in patients with normal glucose levels and in the absence of any symptoms. Screening them may be useful in identifying this cohort of patients and Princess Beulah, Vignesh. A study on fasting insulin levels in non-diabetic carcinoma breast patients. IAIM, 2019; 6(3): 194- 200. Page 195 treating them with tailored insulin resistance lowering agents like metformin which was found to have anti tumourigenic activity, as well as complete pathological response.