ABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: describir la accidentalidad laboral en 163.639 registros reportados a una Administradora de Riesgos Laborales durante el año 2011. METODOLOGIA: la exploración de los datos incluyó análisis univariado, or con su respectivo valor de significancia p (aceptado cuando fue menor a 0,05) y un modelo de regresión logística "Wald hacia adelante" con las variables que se comportaron como factores de riesgo y factores protectores. RESULTADOS: El 86,7% de los trabajadores accidentados fueron hombres, el 96,5% de los accidentes de trabajo fue clasificado como propio del trabajo, el 15,0% de los accidentes mortales se ubicó en la explotación carbonera y 469 accidentes de trabajo fueron mortales. Una de las principales dificultades en el análisis de la información se relacionó con la forma en que se consignan las variables en las bases de datos de accidentalidad. El modelo de regresión logística proporcionó información de algunas de las variables que explicaron con más fuerza el accidente de trabajo mortal: sexo masculino (OR: 6,0 IC 95%: 3,7 - 9,8); accidentarse laboralmente por tránsito (OR: 3,2 IC 95% 2,4 - 4,2); accidentarse laboralmente por violencia (OR: 6,1 IC 95%: 4,6 - 8,3) y lesión por asfixia (OR: 12,1 IC 95%: 5,5 - 26,7). CONCLUSION: van orientadas hacia el mejoramiento en el manejo de la información, para tener un panorama más completo de la accidentalidad laboral con el fin de plantear otros tipos de análisis.
OBJECTIVE:to describe 163,639 records of accidents at the workplace reported to an occupational risk management company in 2011. METHODOLOGY: the exploration of the data included univariate analysis, an or with its respective p value for significance (which was accepted when it was less than 0.05) and a "forward Wald" logistic regression model with variables which behaved as risk and protective factors. RESULTS : 86.7% of the injured workers were men, 96.5% of the accidents were classified as being particular to the job being carried out, 15.0% of the fatal accidents occurred in coal mining activities and 469 of the accidents were fatal. One of the main difficulties in the data analysis processwas related to the way in which variables are recorded intoaccident databases.The logistic regression model provided information on some of the variables that most strongly explained fatal work accidents: male gender (or: 6.0, 95% CI 3.7 to 9.8); having transportation-related work accidents (or: 3.2 95% CI 2.4 to 4.2); having violence-related work accidents (or: 6.1, 95% CI 4.6 to 8.3) and asphyxia injury (or: 12.1 95 %: 5.5 to 26.7). CONCLUSION: focus on improving information management in order to get a bigger picture on thestudied issue so that other types of analysis can be proposed.
ABSTRACT
Este estudo analisou os efeitos psicossociais dos acidentes de trabalho fatais, ocorridos em 2008, para as famílias das vítimas, no setor de mármore e granito, no estado do Espírito Santo. A pesquisa exploratória utilizou a entrevista semiestruturada como instrumento de coleta de dados, cuja análise seguiu o Método de Interpretação de Sentidos. Participaram da pesquisa oito famílias, identificadas a partir da Comunicação de Acidente de Trabalho. A percepção das famílias sobre o acidente de trabalho se mostrou associada às características da atividade no setor de rochas, como: condições de trabalho desfavoráveis à segurança, proximidade entre relações pessoais e profissionais e falta de informação sobre os acidentes. O acidente de trabalho fatal trouxe diversas implicações para todos os membros das famílias, como agravos à saúde, mudanças de comportamento e dificuldade em lidar com a ruptura dos planos. As formas de enfrentar a morte indicaram que a superação da perda foi viabilizada principalmente por familiares, amigos e religião. A maioria das empresas cumpriu suas obrigações legais com presteza, e o Poder Público foi evidenciado no que tange aos benefícios concedidos às famílias das vítimas, mas se mostrou ausente nas ações de transformação da organização do trabalho para prevenção de acidentes...
This study analyzed the psychosocial effects for the families of the victims of fatal work accidents occurred in the sector of marble and granite in 2008, in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. In the exploratory research, semi-structured interviews were utilized as the means of collection of data, whose analysis followed the Method of Senses Interpretation. Eight families, identified through the Work Accidents Communication, participated in the research. The families' perceptions about the work accidents were associated to the characteristics of the activity in the rock sector, such as: work conditions unfavorable to safety, proximity between personal and professional relations and lack of information about accidents. The fatal work accidents brought several implications for all the family members, for instance, damage to health, behavioral changes and difficulty to deal with the break of plans. The manners of facing death indicated that the overcoming of losses was mainly enabled by family members, friends and religion. Most of the companies complied with all the legal obligations with promptitude. Government was highlighted regarding the benefits granted to families of the victims; however, it was absent in the transformational actions toward the organization of work in order to prevent accidents...