ABSTRACT
Background: Fever is one of the commonest and thrombocytopenia is one of the common clinical problems in children. The current study was done with the aim to identify the frequency and the etiology of thrombocytopenia in febrile children. This study was planned to identify epidemiological observations associated with pediatric fever and with febrile thrombocytopenia children, in this area among hospitalized children.Methods: A sample of 530 children of age 6 months to 18 years were studied. Febrile children were taken as cases (n=268) and afebrile children as controls (n=262). Demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics were measured and compared between the cases and controls.Results: Significant proportion of 1-3 years age group of children belong to febrile group compared to afebrile group. There is no significant difference in the gender, region, WFH or BMI, WFA, HFA between febrile and afebrile children. No significant difference in pulse rate, respiratory rate; TLC, ALC, ANC, Hb; Widal test or CRP was noted between pyrexial and apyrexial children. The median platelet count, in the pyrexial group is significantly lower than that of apyrexial group. Prevalence of thrombocytopenia in pyrexial group is significantly more than that observed in apyrexial group. The commonest illness in pyrexial group is non-bacterial-probable viral illness (59.7%). In the apyrexial group the common diseases are neurological (36.6%) disorders.Conclusions: Prevalence of thrombocytopenia is 11.45% in febrile children and in afebrile children it is 2.38%. In this study, viral infections and neurological disorders are the commonest etiology in febrile group and afebrile children respectively.
ABSTRACT
Resumen Entre las enfermedades infecciosas febriles se encuentran: dengue, leptospirosis, rickettsiosis y salmonelosis, entre otras. El objetivo de este estudio fue detectar la presencia de anticuerpos IgM a dengue y Leptospira en pacientes febriles. La seropositividad para IgM frente al dengue fue 34%; 26,3% en mujeres y 7,6% en varones, sin diferencias significativas (p = 0,181). La seropositividad para los anticuerpos IgM a Leptospira fue 3,2%; encontrándose sólo en mujeres. La serología positiva para leptospirosis y dengue fue 1%. Los serovares detectados fueron Pomona y Canicola por la técnica de microaglutinación. Se pudo identificar la presencia insospechada de leptospirosis y dengue en meses atípicos para este último, hecho importante para considerar el estudio de serología en el diagnóstico diferencial de enfermedades febriles.
Among the infectious diseases characterized by a febrile picture are: dengue, leptospirosis, rickettsiosis and salmonellosis, among others. The objective of this study was to identify IgM antibodies against dengue and Leptospira in febrile patientes. The seropositivity for IgM antibodies to dengue was 34%; 26.3% for women and 7.6% for men, without differences significant (p = 0.181). The seropositivity for IgM antibodies to Leptospira was 3.2%, being found only in women. Positive serology for both dengue and Leptospira was 1%. The serovars detected were Pomona and Canicola by the microagglutination technique. It was possible to identify the unsuspected presence of leptospirosis and dengue in atypical months for the latter, an important fact to consider the study of serology in the differential diagnosis of febrile diseases.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Immunoglobulin M/blood , Dengue/epidemiology , Leptospirosis/epidemiology , Antibodies, Bacterial/blood , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Dengue/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Hospitals, General , Leptospirosis/diagnosis , Mexico/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Background & objectives: Evidence on the community knowledge and perceptions on malaria are crucial to design appropriate health communication strategies for malaria control. Orissa, an Indian state with a large proportion of indigenous populations and hilly terrains contributes to the highest malaria burden in India. A study was undertaken to assess the knowledge on malaria among community members who had experienced fever and chills in the endemic district of Boudh in Orissa. Methods: A cross-sectional community-based survey was carried out with respondents (n=300) who had fever with chills within two weeks prior to data collection through a multi-stage sampling and interviewed them using a pre-tested, structured interview schedule. Results : About 90% of respondents recognized fever as a common symptom of malaria, 72.3% said mosquito bites cause malaria, 70.3% of respondents reported mosquito control and personal protection to be the method of malaria prevention, and 24.6% identified chloroquine as the drug used for treatment. Women and scheduled tribe (ST) respondents were found to have lower level of appropriate knowledge of causes, symptoms, and prevention methods of malaria than their counterparts. Interpretation & conclusion: The study population had a fair knowledge of malaria about the causes, symptoms, treatment, modes of prevention and outcomes of non-treatment compared to most of the studies conducted in similar settings. However, the relatively low awareness among women and tribal population calls for more context specific communication strategies. Such strategies should be based on information needs assessment of different population subgroups, especially of women and members of the ST community, using media that is accessible and clearly understood by different groups.
ABSTRACT
Objetivo. Analizar la utilización de las unidades de atención primaria a la salud (UAPS) por pacientes febriles en áreas de transmisión de paludismo, en diferentes condiciones de organización de los servicios de salud. Material y métodos. Estudio transversal realizado en septiembre de 1993, en 32 localidades de los estados de Tabasco (con servicios de salud descetralizados) y Campeche ( no descentralizados). Se efectuó un análisis descriptivo y se identificaron variables predictoras de utilización de las UAPS mediante una regresión logística. Resultados. Se entrevistaron 817 febriles, de los cuales 55 por ciento se atendieron en casa; 16.4 por ciento utilizaron UAPS y 17 por ciento fueron atendidos por colaboradores voluntarios, sin diferencias entre ambos estados. Los febriles de localidades con UAPS las utilizaron 11 veces más (IC 95 por ciento 7.0-18.2) que aquéllos sin UAPS; los graves 2.8 veces más (IC 95 por ciento 1.7-4.6) que los leves-moderados y los <13 años (IC 95 por ciento 1.3-2.9) 1.9 veces más que los ò13 años. Sólo 2 por ciento de los febriles fueron casos de paludismo. Conclusiones. No hubo diferencias en la utilización de UAPS entre estado descentralizado y no descentralizado. Debe revalorarse la fiebre como indicador único para detección de paludismo
Objective. To analyze primary health care service (PHCS) utilization by febrile patients in a malarial area of Mexico. Material and Methods. A cross-sectional study was carried out in September, 1993, in 32 communities of Tabasco (decentralized health services) and Campeche (non-decentralized) states. Predictors of utilization were analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis. Results. 817 febrile patients were interviewed, 55% of all febrile patients received care at home (SELF), 16.5% by PHCS and 17% by volunteer collaborators, with no significant differences in health services utilization between states. Febrile patients living in communities where PHCS was available used these facilities 11 times more than those without PHCS (C.I. 95%: 7.0-18.2%). Severely febrile patients used PHCS 2.8 times more than mild-moderate cases (C.I. 95%: 1.7-4.6%). Febrile patients under 13 years of age used PHCS 1.9 times more than older patients. Two per cent of febrile patients consisted of malaria cases. Conclusions. There was no difference between decentralized and non-decentralized health services regarding the utilization of PHCS. Fever symptoms must be evaluated as a single screening indicator of malarial disease.