ABSTRACT
O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as concessões de bolsas e a produção científica dos bolsistas de produtividade do CNPq, na área de Educação Física, no período de 2010-2020. A busca dos pesquisadores com bolsa de produtividade na área da Educação Física ocorreu na página eletrônica do CNPq. A contabilização dos dados registrados nos currículos dos bolsistas ocorreu com auxílio do software scriptLattes v8.10. Verificou-se que: a) a publicação de artigos se elevou no decorrer do período analisado; b) os artigos de estrato elevado no Qualis (A1, A2 e JCR) mantiveram um crescimento constante; c) a produção de itens não contabilizados pelos critérios de concessão de bolsa permaneceu estável; d) houve renovação parcial dos pesquisadores bolsistas de produtividade. Concluiu-se que os bolsistas de produtividade têm ampliado sua produção e fortalecendo suas métricas. No entanto, é necessária a constante revisão dos critérios de concessão a fim de minimizar o produtivismo acadêmico. (AU)
The study aims to analyze the concession of grants and the scientific production of grant holders of the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), in the Physical Education area, in the period of 2017-2020. The search for grant holders in the Physical Education area was obtained through the CNPq website. It accounted for the data of curriculum Lattes through software scriptLattes v8.10. We found that: a) the publication of papers increased during the analyzed period; b) high-level papers (A1, A2, and JCR) had steady growth; c) production of items not accounted for grant guidelines were static; d) there is partial renovation of grant holders. We concluded that grant holders have expanded their production and strengthened their metrics. However, it is necessary to constantly revise grant guidelines to minimize academic productivism. (AU)
El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la concesión de bacas y la producción científica de los becarios de productividad del CNPq, en el campo de la Educación Física, en el período 2010-2020. La búsqueda de investigadores con beca de productividad en el área de Educación Física se realizó en el sitio web del CNPq. La contabilización de los datos registrados en los currículos de los becarios se realizó a través del software scriptLattes v8.10. Se encontró que: a) la publicación de artículos aumentó durante el periodo analizado; b) los artículos de alto nivel (A1, A2 y JCR) mantuvieron un crecimiento constante; c) la producción de elementos no contabilizados por los criterios de concesión de bacas se mantuvo estable; d) hay renovación parcial de los investigadores becarios de productividad. Se concluye que los becarios de productividad han ampliado su producción y fortalecido sus métricas. Sin embargo, es necesario revisar constantemente los criterios de concesión para minimizar el productivismo académico. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Scientific Publication Indicators , Fellowships and ScholarshipsABSTRACT
The mission of the University of Chile Clinical Hospital is to be the main University Hospital in the country. Along with training of health professionals in clinical practice and research, the Hospital provides comprehensive health solutions to the community. Since its foundation, it played an important role in the training of health professionals and specialists. To fulfill this mission, it is important to have outstanding academics and a system that allows their renewal and replacement. From January 25, 2001, the University of Chile approved the regulations that rule the Residents Program Fellowship, aimed to train the new generations of clinical academics. These regulations allow the financing of training programs in basic or primary specialties (such as internal medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, among others) or in specialties derived from them (such as cardiology, gastroenterology and reproductive medicine, among others.) The different clinical departments and the Hospital Direction define each year how many places will be offered and in which specialties. The Faculty of Medicine Graduate School carries out the formal selection of the applicants. This article reviews the results of this program between 2013 and 2021, analyzing in detail the traceability of each graduate over the years.
Subject(s)
Humans , Education, Medical, Graduate/economics , Fellowships and Scholarships , Hospitals, University , Internship and Residency/economics , Program Evaluation , ChileABSTRACT
ABSTRACT: Objective: To estimate the prevalence of food insecurity among beneficiary and non-beneficiary university students of financial aid and associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study, with a probabilistic sample of 100 university students, was conducted at a federal university located on the coastal city of São Paulo in southeastern Brazil. The data made it possible to address sociodemographic aspects, food security and food quality markers. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, Fisher's exact association test and Mann-Whitney comparisons of means were used to investigate the prevalence of food insecurity between groups and associations with covariables at 5%. Results: The results revealed significant differences between groups. Receiving financial aid was associated with more vulnerability to facing food insecurity: 94% have some level of food insecurity (p=0.001); non-white skin color (p=0.019); overseeing one's own income (p=0.001); the amount of money available to stay at the university (p=0.030). According to food quality markers, both groups often consumed ultra-processed foods (unhealthy quality marker). In contrast, most (92.3%) were concerned with consuming healthy foods. Conclusion: The pre-Covid-19 scenario reveals that despite receiving financial aid, a large part of students faced food insecurity in the three months prior to the study. Therefore, food insecurity should be recognized as a public health concern among university students, and adequate resources should be made available to avoid the occurrence of dropouts and assist in breaking the intergenerational cycle of social exclusion and the human right to food.
RESUMO: Objetivo : Estimar a prevalência de Insegurança Alimentar entre estudantes universitários que recebem ou não Auxílio Permanência Estudantil e fatores associados. Métodos: Estudo transversal exploratório, conduzido com amostra probabilística de 100 estudantes de uma universidade federal brasileira, situada no litoral paulista, na região sudeste do Brasil. Os dados coletados permitiram abordar aspectos sociodemográficos, de segurança alimentar e marcadores de qualidade alimentar. Conduziu-se análises descritivas, teste de associação Exato de Fisher e comparação de médias Mann-Whitney, para descrever a prevalência de insegurança alimentar entre bolsistas e não bolsistas e fatores associados a 5%. Resultados: Os resultados mostram que o grupo de estudantes bolsistas é mais vulnerável e significativamente associado ao enfrentamento da insegurança alimentar - 94% dos bolsistas em algum nível de insegurança alimentar (p=0.001), à não ser branco (p=0.019), ao grau de escolaridade dos pais (p=0.001), a ser o principal responsável pela própria renda (p=0.001) e ao valor disponível para se manter na universidade (p=0.030). Ambos os grupos consomem alimentos ultraprocessados com frequência, por outro lado, a maioria deles (92,3%) se preocupa em consumir alimentos saudáveis. Conclusão: O cenário pré Covid-19, revela que mesmo recebendo o auxílio, a maioria dos universitários enfrentou insegurança alimentar nos 3 meses anteriores à pesquisa. Portanto, a insegurança alimentar deve ser reconhecida como um problema de saúde pública entre universitários, ganhar espaço na agenda pública brasileira e recursos suficientes para evitar a ocorrência da evasão escolar, promovendo a quebra do ciclo intergeracional de exclusão social e o direito humano à alimentação.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Young Adult , Students/statistics & numerical data , Universities , Fellowships and Scholarships , Food Insecurity , COVID-19 , Brazil , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Sociodemographic FactorsABSTRACT
La Sociedad Argentina de Pediatría otorga becas a pediatras jóvenes con el objetivo de perfeccionar el desempeño e incentivar la investigación.Objetivos. Describir las características de las becas otorgadas y evaluar la proporción de proyectos publicados y de becarios de perfeccionamiento que permanecieron en áreas relacionadas con su beca. Material y método. Estudio descriptivo. La Subcomisión de Becas y Premios elaboró una encuesta, que fue enviada por correo electrónico a los becarios en forma individual. Resultados. Se otorgaron 59 becas de investigación (1995-2015). Respondieron la encuesta 47 becarios. Alcanzaron la publicación 14 proyectos. Haber realizado la beca en un hospital pediátrico se asoció a publicación odds ratio 13,8 (1,6-118), p = 0,01. Se otorgaron 132 becas de perfeccionamiento (2005-2015). Respondieron la encuesta 84 becarios. El 85 % continuaba trabajando en la misma área de su beca.
The Argentine Society of Pediatrics awards grants to young pediatricians, aimed at improving performance and encouraging research. Purpose. To describe the details of grants awarded; to analyze the proportion of projects that were published and of grantees that remained in areas related to their grant.Material and method. Descriptive study, through a self-administered survey.Results. 59 research grants were awarded (1995-2015). The survey was answered by 47 grantees; 14 projects reached publication. Having completed the research at a Pediatric Hospital was associated with publication odds ratio 13,8 (1,6-118), p = 0,01; 132 educational improvement grants were awarded (2005-2015). The survey was answered by 84 grantees. The 85 % continue working in the same area of their grant
Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Fellowships and Scholarships , Research Report , Publications , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Since the residency training program in internal medicine changed from a four-year to a three-year program in 2017 in Korea, issues of an optimal training program for the gastrointestinal (GI) fellowship has arisen. Currently, the evaluation criteria for a GI fellowship in Korea include the following; 1) the total number of assigned patients during the training period, 2) the number of GI endoscopy procedures, 3) attendance at academic conferences, and 4) research presentations. However, competency-based training should be introduced in the GI fellowship training program. The current issues of GI fellowship training in Korea include the following; 1) reorganization of the GI fellowship education system and consideration of an optimal training period following the introduction of the three-year internal medicine residency training program, 2) development of a standardized, competency-based GI fellowship training program, 3) provision of a support program for instructors in GI fellowship education, 4) introduction of a mentor-mentee system, 5) introduction of an accreditation system for GI fellowship, 6) supplementation of a GI sub-specialty qualification system, and 7) provision of benefits to GI sub-specialists.
Subject(s)
Humans , Accreditation , Congresses as Topic , Education , Endoscopy , Fellowships and Scholarships , Gastroenterology , Internal Medicine , Internship and Residency , KoreaABSTRACT
Abstract Background: After advancement of cardiovascular surgery, there is also exponential development of anesthetic techniques in this field. Patients with increasing clinical complexity challenge cardiac anesthesiologists to keep constantly updated. An evaluation of Brazilian's cardiovascular anesthesia fellowship at Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology has been made and information has been collected to evaluate the fellowship program in cardiovascular anesthesia. Method: Target participants were made up of former fellowships, contacted via e-mail containing an invitation to voluntarily participate. Explanation of the survey's purpose was provided. This communication was signed by the authors and contained a hyperlink to the survey, which was constructed on and hosted on a web platform. The survey was composed of 10 objectives questions designed to describe training and subsequent career. Results: The adjusted survey response rate was 71%. Two-thirds of respondents agreed that fellowship training provided them an advantage in the job market and 93% of respondents currently work with cardiac anesthesia. At least 87% of participants would recommend the course to other anesthesiologists. Conclusion: Fellowship graduates judge their technical training as excellent and incorporated the knowledge acquired in their daily practice. However, there are improvements to be made. We believe this document may be useful as a reference for other institutions to develop their own cardiovascular anesthesia fellowship programs.
Resumo Justificativa: Com o avanço da cirurgia cardiovascular nos últimos anos, houve também um desenvolvimento exponencial das técnicas anestésicas. Pacientes com complexidade clínica crescente desafiam os anestesiologistas cardíacos a se manterem constantemente atualizados. Uma avaliação do programa de aprimoramento em anestesia cardiovascular brasileira do Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia foi feita e informações foram coletadas para avaliar o programa. Método: Os participantes-alvo eram formados por ex-aprimorandos, contatados via e-mail com um convite para participação voluntária. A explicação do objetivo da pesquisa foi fornecida. Essa comunicação foi assinada pelos autores e continha um link para a pesquisa, que foi construída e hospedada em uma plataforma web. A pesquisa foi composta por 10 questões objetivas destinadas a descrever o treinamento e a carreira subsequente. Resultados: A taxa de resposta ajustada para a pesquisa foi de 71%. Dois terços dos entrevistados concordaram que o treinamento do programa lhes proporcionou uma vantagem no mercado de trabalho e 93% dos entrevistados trabalham atualmente com anestesia cardíaca. Pelo menos 87% dos participantes recomendariam o curso a outros anestesiologistas. Conclusão: Os graduados do programa de aprimoramento julgam sua formação técnica como excelente e incorporaram os conhecimentos adquiridos em sua prática diária. No entanto, há melhorias a serem feitas. Acreditamos que este documento possa ser útil como referência para outras instituições desenvolverem seus próprios programas de aprimoramento em anestesia cardiovascular.
Subject(s)
Education, Medical, Graduate , Fellowships and Scholarships , Anesthesia, Cardiac Procedures , Anesthesiology/education , Brazil , Attitude of Health Personnel , Self ReportABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Candidate characteristics for hand surgery fellowship training remains unknown, as very little data is available in the literature. This study aims to provide information on the criteria that are employed to select candidates for the hand surgery fellowship match. METHODS: A 38-question survey was sent in April 2015 to all Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education recognized hand surgery fellowship program directors (n=81) involved in the U.S. match. The survey investigated factors used for the selection of applicants, including medical school, residency training, research experience, fellowship interview, and candidate characteristics. A 5-point Likert scale was used to grade 33 factors from “not at all important” (1) to “essential in making my decision” (5); or for five controversial factors from “very negative impact” (1) to “very positive impact in making my decision” (5). RESULTS: A total of 52% (42 out of 81) of responses were received from hand surgery fellowship program directors. The most important influential factors were interactions with faculty during interview and visit (4.6±0.6), interpersonal skills (4.6±0.5), overall interview performance in the selection process (4.6±0.6), professionalism and ethics (4.6±0.7), and letters of recommendation from hand surgeons (4.5±0.7). Factors that have a negative impact on the selection process include visa requirement (2.1±1.2), graduate of non-plastic surgery residency program (2.4±1.3), and graduate of a foreign medical school (2.4±1.1). CONCLUSIONS: This study provides data on hand surgery fellowship directors' perception on the criteria important for fellowship applicant selection, and showed that interview-related criteria and letters of recommendation are the important factors.
Subject(s)
Accreditation , Education, Medical, Graduate , Ethics , Fellowships and Scholarships , Hand , Internship and Residency , Patient Selection , Professionalism , Schools, Medical , Social Skills , Surgeons , Surgery, PlasticABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Candidate characteristics for hand surgery fellowship training remains unknown, as very little data is available in the literature. This study aims to provide information on the criteria that are employed to select candidates for the hand surgery fellowship match. METHODS: A 38-question survey was sent in April 2015 to all Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education recognized hand surgery fellowship program directors (n=81) involved in the U.S. match. The survey investigated factors used for the selection of applicants, including medical school, residency training, research experience, fellowship interview, and candidate characteristics. A 5-point Likert scale was used to grade 33 factors from “not at all important” (1) to “essential in making my decision” (5); or for five controversial factors from “very negative impact” (1) to “very positive impact in making my decision” (5). RESULTS: A total of 52% (42 out of 81) of responses were received from hand surgery fellowship program directors. The most important influential factors were interactions with faculty during interview and visit (4.6±0.6), interpersonal skills (4.6±0.5), overall interview performance in the selection process (4.6±0.6), professionalism and ethics (4.6±0.7), and letters of recommendation from hand surgeons (4.5±0.7). Factors that have a negative impact on the selection process include visa requirement (2.1±1.2), graduate of non-plastic surgery residency program (2.4±1.3), and graduate of a foreign medical school (2.4±1.1). CONCLUSIONS: This study provides data on hand surgery fellowship directors' perception on the criteria important for fellowship applicant selection, and showed that interview-related criteria and letters of recommendation are the important factors.
Subject(s)
Accreditation , Education, Medical, Graduate , Ethics , Fellowships and Scholarships , Hand , Internship and Residency , Patient Selection , Professionalism , Schools, Medical , Social Skills , Surgeons , Surgery, PlasticABSTRACT
This study aimed to evaluate the factors associated with the decision to attend an academic post-graduation program by dental students. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2012, last-year undergraduate students from Dental Schools of Southern Brazil. A closed questionnaire was applied including questions grouped in three different blocks: pre-graduate, undergraduate period and future perspectives. The outcome was the decision to pursuit an academic post-graduation degree. Associations were tested using chi-squared test and chi-squared test for linear trends when appropriate. Multivariate Poisson regression was also performed. The sample was composed by 671 students (response rate of 69.9%, n=467). In relation to future perspectives, 68% of the interviewed students intended to attend a post-graduation program, but only 17.5% would choose a program with academic and research post-graduation program (Master and PhD programs). In the final model, students from public universities (PR 2.08, 95%CI 1.41-3.08) and students that received scientific initiation scholarship (PR 1.93 95%CI 1.14-3.27) presented a twice greater prevalence to seek academic post-graduate programs. Students with higher family incomes showed a lower prevalence to seek these programs (PR 0.50, 95%IC 0.28-0.90). Scholarships seem to encourage undergraduate students to pursue stricto sensu post-graduation.
Este estudo objetivou avaliar os fatores associados com a decisão de estudantes de Odontologia em participar de um programa de pósgraduação acadêmica. Um estudo transversal foi conduzido em 2012, com estudantes do último ano do curso de Odontologia do Sul do Brasil. Foi aplicado um questionário fechado composto por três diferentes blocos: período prévio à graduação, período da graduação e perspectivas futuras. O desfecho deste trabalho foi definido como a decisão de buscar uma pós-graduação acadêmica. As associações foram testadas com o teste de Qui-quadrado e de Qui-quadrado de tendência linear, quando apropriado. Além disso, foi feita a regressão multivariada de Poisson. A amostra foi composta por 671 estudantes (taxa de resposta de 69,9%, n=467). Em relação às perspectivas futuras, 68% dos estudantes entrevistados pretendem ingressar em um curso de pós-graduação, mas somente 17,5% escolheriam um programa com pós-graduação acadêmica e pesquisa (Programas de Mestrado e Doutorado). No modelo final, estudantes de universidades públicas (RP 2,08, 95% CI 1,41-3,08) e estudantes que receberam bolsa de iniciação científica (RP 1,93 95% CI 1,14-3,27) apresentaram prevalência duas vezes maior na busca de pós-graduação acadêmica. Estudantes de famílias com renda alta mostraram menor prevalência na busca destes cursos (RP 0,50, 95%IC 0,28-0,90). Desta forma, bolsas parecem incentivar os alunos de graduação na busca por pós-graduação stricto sensu.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Fellowships and Scholarships , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Recent studies have shown that the procedure of laparoscopic appendectomy requires a learning curve before mastering. The aim of this study was to investigate the question of whether a surgeon who has been working as a first assistant for training in laparoscopic colorectal surgery can perform laparoscopic appendectomy without previous experience as an operator in laparoscopic appendectomy. METHODS: Ninety consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic appendectomy by a single surgeon were retrospectively enrolled in this study. The operating surgeon completed fellowship training of the colorectal cancer division as a first assistant for two years. The patients were divided into two groups by consecutive order: Group (A) included the initial 45 patients and Group (B) included the next 45 patients. The clinical patient demographics, histological diagnosis, and outcome variables including operation time, conversion to open surgery, complications, and length of hospital stay were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: No difference in operation time was observed between the groups (mean: 58.22 min vs 66.6 min, p=0.097). Open conversion rate and drain insertion rate were similar between the two groups. There was no difference in length of hospital stay. Overall complication rate did not differ between the two groups. Moving average curve showed no specific time shortening point within these 90 enrolled patients. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that laparoscopic appendectomies performed by a surgeon who had achieved a training course as an assistant in laparoscopic colorectal surgery were performed safely without any difficulties during the learning period. This finding needs further validation in additional large-scale studies.
Subject(s)
Humans , Appendectomy , Colorectal Neoplasms , Colorectal Surgery , Conversion to Open Surgery , Demography , Diagnosis , Fellowships and Scholarships , Laparoscopy , Learning , Learning Curve , Length of Stay , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
OBJETIVOS: A formação em medicina intensiva pelos estudantes de Salvador (BA) tem acontecido através de estágios extracurriculares. Este estudo visou detectar mudanças na postura e no interesse dos acadêmicos que concluíram estes estágios e os tipos mais comuns de atividades desenvolvidas. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal descritivo realizado com estudantes que fizeram estágios extracurriculares em unidades de terapia intensiva adulto no segundo semestre de 2006. Utilizou-se um questionário auto-aplicável com questões objetivas. RESULTADOS: Foram entrevistados 49 estudantes. O interesse em se tornar intensivista foi classificado como alto/muito alto por 32,7 por cento antes do estágio, ao final 61,2 por cento referiram aumento do interesse. A média de 1 a 5, sobre a importância da medicina intensiva para o acadêmico atualmente foi de 4,55±0,70. Após o estágio 98 por cento sentem-se mais seguros em indicar um paciente para unidades de terapia intensiva e 95,9 por cento em avaliar, sob supervisão, os pacientes internados em unidades de terapia intensiva e 89,8 por cento em atender pacientes nas emergências. Os procedimentos mais observados foram: acesso venoso central (100 por cento), acesso venoso periférico (91,8 por cento) e a intubação orotraqueal (91,8 por cento). Numa escala de 1 a 5, os tópicos classificados como de maior interesse foram: síndrome de resposta inflamatória sistêmica e sepse (4,82±0,48), choque (4,81 ± 0,44) e reanimação cardiopulmonar (4,77 ± 0,55). CONCLUSÕES: O presente estudo mostrou que os estágios extracurriculares em unidades de terapia intensiva adulto de Salvador (BA) fornecem ao estudante maior segurança em avaliar pacientes graves, aumenta o interesse do mesmo pela carreira de intensivista e permite o contato com os principais procedimentos e tópicos relacionados à MI no dia-a-dia das unidades de terapia intensiva.
OBJECTIVES: Students of Salvador - BA, Brazil were trained in critical care medicine by accomplishing extracurricular internships. This study aims to detect changes in attitude and interest of students who concluded these internships as well as the most frequent activities developed. METHODS: Descriptive cross-sectional survey conducted with students who did extracurricular internships in adult intensive care units during the second semester of 2006. A self-administered questionnaire was given using objective questions. RESULTS: We evaluated 49 students. Interest in becoming an intensivist was classified as high/very high by 32.7 percent before internship, after which 61.2 percent reported increased interest. Before internship, students on a 1 to 5 scale rated the importance of critical care medicine as 4.55 ± 0.70. After internship, 98 percent felt more confident to refer a patient to the intensive care unit, 95.9 percent to evaluate with supervision, patients admitted to intensive care units and 89.8 percent to attend patients in the emergency room. The most common procedures observed were: central venous access (100 percent), peripheral venous access (91.8 percent) and orotracheal intubation (91.8 percent). Topics ranked in terms of interest from 1 to 5 were: systemic inflammatory response syndrome/sepsis (4.82 ± 0.48), shock (4.81 ± 0.44) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (4.77 ± 0.55). CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that internships in adult intensive care units of Salvador (BA), Brazil provided students with greater assurance to evaluate critical patients, increased their interest to follow an intensivist physician career and allowed contact with the main procedures and topics related to critical care medicine.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Education, Medical, Undergraduate , Intensive Care Units , Internship and Residency , Students, Medical , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Este estudo tem como objetivo descrever as reações que os alunos de enfermagem apresentaram quando do seu primeiro estágio curricular. É um estudo transversal e de campo, e o tratamento dos dados foi realizado com base no método de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados descrevem o campo de estágio, o relacionamento com a equipe da enfermaria, com os pacientes e com o docente durante este período. Nas conclusões, podemos afirmar que o estresse e as contradições vivenciadas no primeiro estágio são parte do crescimento e aprendizado do aluno. O professor é maior responsável por determinar o tipo de interação que haverá entre ele e o aluno, cabendo-lhe ouvir, incentivar e capacitar-se para apoiar os alunos nas experiências iniciais da prática, para que o primeiro estágio seja um fator motivador ao aluno.
The objective of the present study is to describe and analyze the reactions of nursing students, presented during their first curricular internship. It is a cross-section field study, with data analyzed according to the method of content analysis. The results describe the training field, the relationship with the nursing team, the patients and the professor in the period of training. In the conclusions, we can affirm that the stress and the contradictions experienced in the first period of internship are part of the student's growth and education. The professor is responsible for determining the type of interaction that the students will experience. He/She needs to be capable of listening, encouraging and for his/her own qualification, in order to support the students with the early experiences of the practice, so that the first internship a becomes motivating factor for the students.
Estudio que tiene por objetivo describir las reacciones que los alumnos de enfermería mostraron durante su primera práctica curricular. Investigación transversal y de campo. El análisis de los datos realizado en base al método de análisis de contenido. Los resultados describen durante este periodo el campo de práctica, la relación con el equipo de enfermería, con los pacientes y con el enfermo. Concluimos que el estrés y los obstáculos vividos durante esta primera práctica son parte del crecimiento y aprendizaje del alumno. El profesor es el mayor responsable por determinar el tipo de interacción establecida entre él y el alumno, responsabilizándose por escuchar, incentivar, capacitar y apoyar a los alumnos durante sus primeras experiencias prácticas, para que este momento sea un factor motivador para el alumno.
Subject(s)
Humans , Communication , Internship and Residency , Interpersonal Relations , Students, Nursing/psychology , Attitude of Health Personnel , Cross-Sectional Studies , Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate , Interprofessional Relations , Nurse-Patient Relations , Nursing Care/organization & administration , Qualitative Research , Stress, Psychological/etiology , Teaching/methodsABSTRACT
Se estudiaron 448 muestras serológicas con el propósito de conocer la etiología de un brote de hepatitis aguda entre jóvenes guineanos que estudiaban en Cuba. Se determinaron los anticuerpos de clase IgM contra el virus de la hepatitis A (anti-VHA IgM), los anticuerpos contra la proteína central del virus de la hepatitis C (anti-VHC), el antígeno de superficie del virus de la hepatitis B (AgsHB) y su anticuerpo (anti-AgsHB) y los anticuerpos dirigidos contra el virus de la hepatitis Delta (anti-VHD). Se encontró positividad para el AgsHB en 124 sueros (27,67 %). A 86 sueros AgsHB positivos se les determinó la presencia del antígeno asociado con la replicación viral en la infección por virus B (AgsHB) y la detección de los anticuerpos totales (IgG e IgM) contra la proteína central del virus de la hepatitis B (anti-AgcHB total) se hizo en 50 de esas muestras. Los estudiantes que no tuvieron marcadores de infección por el virus B se vacunaron con la vacuna cubana antihepatitis B, con el empleo de 3 dosis de 20 mg mediante un esquema de 30 d interdosis. No se encontraron positivos el anti-VHA IgM ni el anti-VHC. La cuantificación del AgsHB permitió clasificar como agudos con buen pronóstico a 3 de los 14 jóvenes que presentaron síntomas de hepatitis y como crónicos a los 121 restantes. De los sueros de 3 fallecidos con un cuadro de hepatitis fulminante, 2 fueron AgsHB positivos y 1 anti-AgsHB positivo, y el tiempo de vida media estimado para el antígeno fue de 48 h, a diferencia del obtenido para los agudos con buena evolución, que resultó de 7 d aproximadamente; mientras que en los crónicos fue como promedio de 60 d. En los reservorios crónicos se detectó una elevada antigenemia (59 % con cifras de AgsHB entre 10 y 100 mg/mL) en asociación con la presencia del AgeHB, que fue positivo en 31 % de los sueros B. Se encontraron anticuerpos anti-VHD en 15 % de los sueros AgsHB positivos analizados, con 66 % en los fallecidos. La cuantificación ...
Four hundred and forty eight serological samples were analyzed to find out the etiology of an acute hepatitis ourbreak among Guinean students who studied in Cuba. IgM antibodies to hepatitis A(anti-HAV IgM), antibodies to main protein of hepatitis C virus (antiHCV), hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg) and its antibody (anti-HbsAg) and antibodies to hepatitis Delta (anti-HDV) were all determined. One hundred and twenty four sera (27.67%) were found to be positive to HbsAg. The presence of antigen linked to viral replication in virus B infection (HbsAg) was determined in 86 HbsAg positive sera whereas total antibodies (IgG and IgM) to central hepatitis B virus protein (total anti HbcAG) was detected in 50 of these samples. Those students who did not have virus B infection markers were immunized with Cuban anti-hepatitis B vaccine using three 20mg doses through a schedule of 30 d interdosage. There was positivity neither to anti-HAV IgM nor tp anti-HCV. The quantification of HbsAg allows to classify 3 of the 14 students showing hepatitis symptoms as acute hepatic patients with good prognosis and the remaining 121 young people as chronic patients. Of the sera of 3 deceased peoplle from fulminant hepatitis, 2 were HbsAg positive and 1 anti-HbsAg positive and the average lifetime estimated for the antigen was 48h in these cases whereas the average antigen lifetime for those acute patients with good evolution was nearly 7d and that of the chronic was 60 days. In chronic hosts, high antigenemia was detected (59%, with HbsAg from 10 to 100 mg/mL) associated with HbcAg positive in 31% of sera B. Anti-HDV antibodies were found in 15% of HbsAg positive sera and in 66% of the dead people. The quantification of HbsAg allowed to establish predictive classification criteria of the infested people. The relationship of the presence of HbsAg in chronic hosts with hih levels of HbsAg showed the value of the quantification of surface antigen as an indirect ...