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Objective: To study the effects of fenvalerate exposure during puberty on oxidative stress in rat testis. Methods: Fifty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into the control group (corn oil), low dose group (0.02 mg/kg fenvalerate), moderate dose group (1 mg/kg fenvalerate), high dose group (50 mg/kg fenvalerate) and intervention group (50 mg/kg fenvalerate+100 mg/kg N-acetyl-L-cysteine), ten rats for each group, for two months by gavage at four weeks of age. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content, activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in testis and testicular tissue morphology were detected. Results: Compared with the control group, the rat body weight and activities of GSH-Px and SOD in testis were significantly decreased in high dose group while MDA content was increased (all P<0.05). Compared with the high dose group, MDA content was decreased and GSH-Px activity was increased in the intervention group (both P<0.05). The results of testicular histology showed that with the increasing exposure dose, the spermatogenic cells were arranged loosely, the number of layers was decreased and the inner diameter of seminiferous tubules was increased. Conclusion: Exposure to fenvalerate during puberty may induce oxidative damage in testis tissue of male rats.
ABSTRACT
Objective· To study the effects of fenvalerate exposure during puberty on oxidative stress in rat testis.Methods· Fifty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into the control group (corn oil),low dose group (0.02 mg/kg fenvalerate),moderate dose group (1 mg/kg fenvalerate),high dose group (50 mg/kg fenvalerate) and intervention group (50 mg/kg fenvalerate+100 mg/kg N-acetyl-L-cysteine),ten rats for each group,for two months by gavage at four weeks of age.Malondialdehyde (MDA) content,activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in testis and testicular tissue morphology were detected.Results· Compared with the control group,the rat body weight and activities of GSH-Px and SOD in testis were significantly decreased in high dose group while MDA content was increased (all P＜0.05).Compared with the high dose group,MDA content was decreased and GSH-Px activity was increased in the intervention group (both P＜0.05).The results of testicular histology showed that with the increasing exposure dose,the spermatogenic cells were arranged loosely,the number of layers was decreased and the inner diameter of seminiferous tubules was increased.Conclusion· Exposure to fenvalerate during puberty may induce oxidative damage in testis tissue of male rats.
ABSTRACT
Aims: Fenvalerate (FEN) is a type II synthetic pyrethroid that has replaced other groups of insecticides due to its improved insecticidal potency. The objective of this study was to investigate the possible role of antioxidant nutrients as a protective agent against alterations of FEN in liver tissue of male albino rats. Study Design: Histological and immunohistochemical studies. Place and Duration of Study: Zoology Department, College of Science, Alexandria University - Egypt, between May 2010 and February 2013. Methodology: Forty animals were divided into four groups of 10 rats each. The first group served as control which received corn oil , second group received a single dose (20mg FEN/kg) 24hours prior to decapitation , third group received (20 mg fish oil (ώ3) /kg/48h) and (4.1 mg selenium (Se) /kg/48h) for 20 days and fourth group received FEN following the supplementation with ώ3 and Se . Results: Histopathological changes in the FEN group illustrated as degeneration and proliferation of hepatocytes forming acinar and pseudoglandular pattern. The previous changes disappeared from FEN+ (ώ3 and Se) group. The histochemical staining of catalase enzyme revealed increased activity in FEN, FEN+ (ώ3 and Se) groups while activity of glutathione reductase enzyme was decreased in compare with control group. Immunohistochemical staining of Bcl-2 oncoprotein increased in the cytoplasm of periportal and centrilobular hepatocytes in FEN and FEN+ (ώ3 and Se) groups, while it decreased in (ώ3 +Se) group. Conclusion: It was suggested that FEN-induced dysregulation of architecture, antioxidant enzymes and expression of Bcl-2 oncoprotein which might be ameliorated by the effect of antioxidant nutrient.
ABSTRACT
Pyrethroids are a class of neurotoxic pesticides with high selectivity for insects. Fenvalerate is a synthetic pyrethroid pesticide used to protect a variety of crops. Fenvalerate has been reported to exert deleterious effects on non target organisms including mammals. Recently, Fenvalerate was reported to cause liver damage in rats probably by generating oxidative stress while Quercetin, a potential antioxidant, has been reported to posses hepatoprotective activity. Therefore, the aim of the present investigation was to assess the ability of Quercetin to protect liver from Fenvalerate induced toxicity. In the present investigation an effort was made to evaluate the effect of Quercetin and Fenvalerate on hepatic G 6PD, GST and GR. Fenvalerate administration demonstrated significant reduction in the activities of hepatic G-6-PD, GST and GR while rats co treated with Quercetin showed significant recovery in the activities of these antioxidant enzymes.
ABSTRACT
Black flies, a non-target species of the insecticides used in fruit production, represent a severe medical and veterinary problem. Large increases in the level of resistance to the pyrethroids fenvalerate (more than 355-fold) and deltamethrin (162-fold) and a small increase in resistance to the organophosphate azinphos methyl (2-fold) were observed between 1996-2008 in black fly larvae under insecticide pressure. Eventually, no change or a slight variation in insecticide resistance was followed by a subsequent increase in resistance. The evolution of pesticide resistance in a field population is a complex and stepwise process that is influenced by several factors, the most significant of which is the insecticide selection pressure, such as the dose and frequency of application. The variation in insecticide susceptibility within a black fly population in the productive area may be related to changes in fruit-pest control. The frequency of individuals with esterase activities higher than the maximum value determined in the susceptible population increased consistently over the sampling period. However, the insecticide resistance was not attributed to glutathione S-transferase activity. In conclusion, esterase activity in black flies from the productive area is one mechanism underlying the high levels of resistance to pyrethroids, which have been recently used infrequently. These enzymes may be reselected by currently used pesticides and enhance the resistance to these insecticides.
Subject(s)
Animals , Azinphosmethyl , Esterases/metabolism , Insecticides , Nitriles , Pyrethrins , Simuliidae/drug effects , Argentina , Biological Assay , Insecticide Resistance , Simuliidae/enzymologyABSTRACT
ve To understand the effects of fenvalerate on the secretion of sex hormone and humoral im-mune function and to explore their mechanism. Methods 20 female SD rats aged 4 weeks were randomly divided into 2 groups: fenvalerate group treated by peritoneal injection with 1/10 LD50 of fenvalerate and control group treated with disinfected bean oil. The serum specimens were obtained from rats of 2 groups at the 4th week after the peri-toneal injection. The levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6). tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) in serum were measured with ELISA. The levels of 17?-estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) were measured with ra-dioimmune assay. Results The levels of IL-6, TNF-? and IgG in serum specimens of rats were 2.244 ng/ ml, 0.360 ng/ml and 4.928?g/ml for fenvalerate group, 2.805 ng/ml, 0.439 ng/ml and 3.825?g/ml for control group respec-tively. The levels of IL-6 and TNF-? in serum specimens of rats were significantly lower than those of control group (P 0.05. Conclusion Fenvalerate could effect the hu-moral immune system and the levels of sex hormones. Its passible mechanism was that fenvalerate could affect the levels of sex hormones first, and then the whole immune system further.