ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of health education on the willingness and knowledge about cervical examinations among fertile women.Methods Eight hundred fertile women visiting our hospitals for cervical examinations during January 2006 and December 2009 were managed with health education.Their willingness and knowledge about cervical examinations after the health education were compared with those before the education.Results The rate of willingness to take cervical examinations after the health education was significantly improved,compared to pre-health education(P<0.05).The scores on the knowledge about cervical cancer,impotence for health education,preventive method and regular cervical examinations after health education were all significantly improved compared to pre-education(all P<0.05).Conclusions Health education may significantly improve the willingness and knowledge about the cervical examinations among the fertile women.During health education,we should attach importance to the groups of high risks and adopt individualized and practical interventional strategies.
ABSTRACT
To explore the influences of pregnancy and iodine intake on thyroid function and immune functions, 210 pregnant women and 290 fertile women were chosen from iodine excess area, and the average ages of them were (27. 69±4. 73 )and (30. 62±6. 01 )years respectively. Fasting blood and urine were collected in the morning. The urinary iodine level was determined by arsenic-cerium catalytic contact. Serum free triiodothyronine ( FT3 ), free thyroxine ( FT4 ), and sensitive thyroid-stimulating hormone ( sTSH ) levels were measured by chemiluminescence.Thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb)and thyroglobulin antibody (TGAb)were measured by radioimmunoassay. The median urinary iodine in the pregnant and fertile women were I 240. 70 and 949. 21 μg/L, respectively. There were 84. 3% pregnant women and 81.0% fertile women admitting excess iodine intake. The prevalence of overall thyroid diseases was 22. 9% in the pregnant women and 30. 3% in the fertile women. The prevalence of hyperthyroidism,subclinical hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and subclinical hypothyroidism was0. 5%, 1.9%, 0. 5%, and 20. 0% in the former group, and 2. 8%, 0. 3%, 0. 3%, and 26. 9% in the latter. Both FT3 and FT4 levels of the pregnant women were lower than those of fertile women [(4. 03±0. 59 vs 4. 71 ± 1.04)pmol/L, ( 13. 35 ± 1.59 vs 14. 27 ±3.63 )pmol/L,both P＜0. 01], and the positive rate of TGAb of pregnant women was also lower than that of fertile women (7. 1% vs14. 1%, P=0. 014). The prevalence of thyroid diseases and positive rate of thyroid autoantibodies is high in women with excess iodine intake. Compared with fertile women, pregnancy may lead to decreas~s in level of thyroid hormones and positive rate of TGAb. Their iodine intake should be controlled, and the thyroid function and autoimmunity antibodies should be monitored.
ABSTRACT
La infección por Citomegalovirus (CMV) es considerada un problema de salud en mujeres fértiles cuando la infección es adquirida durante el embarazo. Con el fin de conocer la prevalencia de CMV en mujeres fértiles de algunas comunidades Yukpa, durante el año 2007 se seleccionaron 112 mujeres de un total de 151, procedentes de las comunidades del Tokuko (n=41), Kasmera (n=35), Yasa (n=20) y Neremú (n=16), en edades entre 16 - 45 años. La determinación de anticuerpos de tipo IgG e IgM anti-CMV se realizó por la técnica de inmunoensayo enzimático (ELISA). La presencia de anticuerpos IgG-anti-CMV fue detectada en el 72,3 por ciento (81/112) de la población estudiada. El 8,6 por ciento (7/81) de las muestras reactivas para IgG fueron positivas para IgM anti-CMV. El análisis por comunidad indica una diferencia significativa (p<0,001) en la prevalencia de CMV en la comunidad del Tokuko con respecto a la comunidad de Yasa. Factores como edad, hacinamiento, número de pareja, número de hijos y abortos, no presentaron asociación con la presencia de anticuerpos para CMV. La prevalencia encontrada en esta población está por debajo a la indicada en mujeres fértiles en otros países y homogéneamente distribuida en las comunidades evaluadas. El porcentaje de mujeres susceptibles debe ser considerado a través de controles pre y durante el embarazo
Infection by Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is considered a health problem in fertile women when the infection is acquired during pregnancy. In order to find the prevalence of CMV among fertile women in Yukpa communities,112 women out of 151, ages 16 - 45, were selected during 2007, coming from Tokuko (n=41), Kasmera (n=35), Yasa (n=20) and Neremu (n=16). IgG and IgM antibodies for CMV were determined by enzymatic immunoassay technique (EIA). The presence of CMV antibodies was detected in 72, 3 percent (81/112) of the population studied. The 8, 6 percent (7/81) of those reactive for IgG were positive for anti-CMV IgM. A significant difference (p<0,001) in CMV prevalence was detected in the Tokuko community compared to the Yasa community. Factors such as age, overcrowding, number of partner, number of children and abortions, were not association with the presence of CMV antibodies. CMV prevalence in this population is below that indicated for fertile women in other countries and is distributed homogeneously among the communities studied. The percentage of susceptible women must be taken into account through controls before and during pregnancy
Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/epidemiology , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/pathology , Fertility , Indigenous Peoples , Cytomegalovirus Infections/pathology , PrevalenceABSTRACT
Objective To understand health seeking behavior and its influential factors to reproductive tract infections (RTIs) on women at reproductive age in the rural areas. Methods 54 540 fertile women aged 15-49 were surveyed by a stratified-cluster-random sampling method and gynecological examination were conducted in two steps: converging at the clinics, and then visiting their households, later, 31 624 women who had at least one RTI symptom were chosen. Results Among all the women at reproductive age, the rate of having at least one RTI symptom was 59.8% with the means of RTI symptom as 1.66±0.89. 15 989 women went to see doctors out of the 31 624 women who had RTI symptoms, with a proportion of 50.6 %. The results of logistic regressy showed that those women whose husbands having higher education level, higher income, more RTI symptoms and better knowledge on RTI were more easily to go to the hospitals. However, those women whose husbands working out of the county, having older first bearing age and more numbers of pregnancy were less likely to go to the hospitals. Reasons that refrained them from going to see a doctor would include: 2137(13.7%) did not know that RTI was a disease; 7443(47.6%) of them thought that every woman were bound to have at least one symptom and it did not matter; 1629 (10.4%) of them felt shameful; 349 (2.2%) learned that the diseases were incurable; 975 (6.2 % ) felt the cost of treatment was too expensive; 2101 (13.4 %) had no time; 1001 (6.4 %) would treat themselves through buying medicines over the counter. Conclusion RTI symptoms were quite prevalent among women at reproductive age but the rate of seeing a doctor was low and caused by multi-factors. Health education and gynecological census in increasing the curable rate of RTIs should to be strengthened.