ABSTRACT
Las displasias óseas son procesos idiopáticos ubicados en la región periapical del complejo maxilar mandibular caracterizados por un reemplazo de hueso normal por tejido fibroso y hueso metaplásico. La displasia ósea florida (DOF) se refiere a un conjunto de lesiones periapicales e interradiculares radiolúcidas y radiopacas ubicadas en la región mandibular bilateral y ocasionalmente en el maxilar. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo presentar un caso de DOF diagnosticada mediante hallazgos clínicos, radiográficos e histológicos, con presencia de sintomatología dolorosa e infección. Se presenta femenina de 62 años tratada en la Unidad de Cirugía Buco-Maxilofacial del Hospital General del Este, «Dr. Domingo Luciani¼, Caracas, Venezuela, quien refiere inicio de enfermedad actual dos semanas previas a la consulta presentando dolor intenso en región posterior mandibular derecha con presencia de fístula intraoral y secreción purulenta. Al examen radiográfico se observaron múltiples lesiones radiopacas que involucraban los cuatro cuadrantes. Se realizó biopsia excisional y el estudio histopatológico concluyó displasia ósea florida. La paciente fue evaluada durante un periodo postoperatorio de 11 meses asintomático.
Osseous dysplasias are idiopathic processes located in the periapical region of the maxillary-mandibular complex. They are characterized by the substitution of normal osseous tissue for fibrous tissue and metaplastic osseous tissue. Florid osseous dysplasia (FOD) describes a set of radio-lucid and radio opaque inter-radicular and periapical lesions, bilaterally found in the mandible and sometimes in the upper jaw. The present project presented a FOD case diagnosed by means of histological, radiological and clinical findings; there was presence of infection and painful symptoms. A 62 year old female patient treated at the Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery Unit of the General Hospital «Dr. Domingo Luciani¼, Caracas, Venezuela sought medical care. The patient reported onset of the condition two weeks before consultation, she experienced intense pain in the right mandibular posterior region with presence of intra-oral fistula and purulent discharge. X-ray examination revealed multiple radio-opaque lesions involving all four quadrants. Excision biopsy was undertaken, histopathological study indicated presence of florid osseous dysplasia. The patient was assessed during an 11 month asymptomatic post-operative period.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Fibrous-osseous lesions of the jaws are difficult to diagnose precisely until excised biopsy results are found, so they might be confused with malignant lesions. This clinical study focused on the diagnostic aids of lesions that demonstrate different clinical, radiologic, and histological findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 16 patients with benign fibrous-osseous lesions on the jaws (6 fibrous dysplasias, 6 ossifying fibromas, 3 cemental dysplasias, and one osteoblastoma) were reviewed. Nine patients with malignant fibrous-osseous lesions (8 osteosarcomas and one Ewing's sarcoma) were also retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: Osteosarcoma patients complained of facial swelling and tooth mobility. The radiographic findings showed the irregular resorption of cortical bone and periosteal reactions. Histological features included cellular pleomorphism and atypical mitosis. An Ewing's sarcoma patient complained of tooth mobility and facial swelling. Onion-skin appearance and irregular expansile marginal bony radiolucency were seen in the radiography. Fibrous dysplasia patients complained of facial swelling and asymmetry. The radiographic features were mostly ground-glass radiopacity. Histological findings showed a bony trabeculae pattern surrounded by fibrous ground substances. Ossifying fibroma patients complained of buccal swelling and jaw pains, showing expanded cortical radiolucent lesions with a radiopaque margin. Histological findings were revealed as cellular fibrous stroma with immature woven bones. In cemental dysplasia, most of their lesions were found in a routine dental exam. Well-circumscribed radiopaque lesions were observed in the radiography, and cementum-like ossicles with fibrous stroma were seen in the microscopy. An osteoblastoma patient complained of jaw pain and facial swelling. Radiographic findings were mottled, dense radiopacity with osteolytic margin. Trabeculae of the osteoid with a vascular network and numerous osteoblasts with woven bone were predominantly found in the microscopy. CONCLUSION: Our study showed similar results as other studies. We suggest the clinical parameters of diagnosis and treatment for malignant and benign fibrous-osseous lesions of the jaws.
Subject(s)
Humans , Biopsy , Fibroma, Ossifying , Jaw , Microscopy , Mitosis , Osteoblastoma , Osteoblasts , Osteosarcoma , Retrospective Studies , Sarcoma, Ewing , Tooth MobilityABSTRACT
El fibroma osificante juvenil activo trabecular (FJOAT), es una variante histológica del fibroma osificante, que forma parte de la familia de lesiones fibro-óseas benignas, cuya característica común, es la sustitución del hueso medular por tejido fibroso con cantidades variables de hueso o cementoide. Aparece con mayor frecuencia en los huesos cráneo-faciales de individuos entre los 12 y 15 años de edad, comportándose como una lesión agresiva y recidivante. El propósito de este artículo es reportar, un paciente masculino, de 16 años quien acude al servicio de cirugía bucal en esta institución, por una marcada asimetría facial del tercio superior y medio del lado derecho, asintomática, con cinco años de evolución. Imagenologicamente se observa masa ocupante de espacio, en seno maxilar, cavidad nasal, extendiéndose al piso de la orbita del lado afectado y a estas mismas estructuras homologas del lado contrario. La biopsia incisional reveló un fibroma osificante juvenil activo, tipo trabecular. La eliminación total de la lesión y su estudio, corroboró el diagnostico. Se demuestra hasta donde es capaz de causar deformidad esta patología y se recalca la importancia del trabajo en equipo transdisciplinario y del estudio microscópico para llegar a un diagnostico definitivo.
The juvenile active ossifying fibroma, trabecular type, is a histological variant of ossifying fibroma, which belong to the benign fibrous osseous lesions family, being its common feature the replacement of medullar bone by fibrous tissue with variable quantity of bone and/or cementoide. It is found on the cranial facial bones in 12 to 15 years old patients, behaving in an aggressive fashion. The purpose of this paper is to report, a sixteen years old male patient, who went for consultation to the oral surgery service at this institution, due to a marked right facial asymmetry, asymptomatic, for five years. The computerized tomography showed a mass involving right maxillary sinus and nasal cavity, extending to the inferior border of the orbit enclosing the homologous structures on the left side. The incisional biopsy revealed a trabecular juvenile active ossifying Fibroma. The excisional biopsy confirmed this diagnosis. It is shown how this lesion is capable to cause a marked facial asymmetry and how is important the microscopic study of the lesions in order to get a precise diagnosis.
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