ABSTRACT
The first transgenic fish was generated in China about 30 years ago. Since then, considerable progress has been achieved for farmed fishes breeding with improvement of target traits of growth, disease resistance, stress tolerance, and nutrition qualities. Up to now, the technology of transgenic fish breeding is almost mature and the biosafety assessment is established. In this review, a successful example of the fast-growing transgenic common carp was presented and the foreground of transgenic fish breeding was also discussed and prospected.
Subject(s)
Animals , Animals, Genetically Modified , Breeding , China , FishesABSTRACT
The objective of this study was to evaluate Ovopel and carp pituitary extract as spawning inducers in the males of the Amazon catfish L. marmoratus. The following treatments, applied in a single dose, were studied: 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 Ovopel pellet/kg live weight, and 2.5 mg carp pituitary extract/kg live weight. Each treatment was repeated four times. No significant difference in sperm volume, motility and vigor, time of motility, sperm count, or percentage of normal and abnormal spermatozoa was observed between the treatments. There was also no significant difference in terms of primary or secondary sperm defects, except for the secondary defect of loose heads, which was less frequent in the treatments using 0.4 and 0.6 Ovopel pellet/kg live weight. It was concluded that Ovopel could replace carp pituitary extract for induction spawning in the males of the Amazon catfish L. marmoratus.
ABSTRACT
This study aimed to evaluate the importance of two environments situated in the main channel of the Peixe River (a tributary of the upper Uruguay River) on fish reproduction and initial growth. Ichthyoplankton, macrozooplankton, and zoobenthos collections were taken on a monthly basis from October 2011 to March 2012, sampling a rapids and a pool environment. The instrument used for the capture of the ichthyoplankton in both environments was a light trap. In total, 795 eggs and 274 larvae were captured. The species that presented higher abundance and occurrence frequency out of the total captured in both environments were Leporinus obtusidens, Bryconamericus iheringii, and Bryconamericus stramineus. The evaluation of the feeding activity reveals a major repletion degree of the larvae in more advanced stages in the pool. The pool environment presented a higher abundance of larvae in more advanced development stages. We conclude that the channel of the Peixe River is important for the reproduction and initial growth of fish and that each river environment seems to fulfill a different role in the life cycle of the ichthyoplankton community...
Este trabalho avaliou a importância de dois ambientes situados no canal principal do rio do Peixe (afluente do alto rio Uruguai) na reprodução e crescimento inicial dos peixes. As coletas de ictioplâncton, macrozooplâncton e zoobentos foram realizadas mensalmente no período de outubro de 2011 a março de 2012, amostrando um ambiente de corredeira e um ambiente de poço. O instrumento utilizado para a captura do ictioplâncton nos dois ambientes foi a armadilha luminosa. No total, foram capturados 795 ovos e 274 larvas. As espécies que apresentaram maior abundância e frequência de ocorrência do total capturado nos dois ambientes foram Leporinus obtusidens, Bryconamericus iheringii e Bryconamericus stramineus. A avaliação da atividade alimentar revela um maior grau de repleção das larvas em estágios mais avançados no ambiente de poço. O ambiente de poço apresentou uma maior abundância de larvas nos estágios mais avançados de desenvolvimento. Conclui-se que o canal do rio do Peixe é importante para a reprodução e crescimento inicial de peixes e que cada ambiente do rio parece cumprir um papel diferente no ciclo de vida da comunidade ictioplanctônica...
Subject(s)
Animals , Growth/physiology , Rivers , Reproduction/physiology , Fishes/classificationABSTRACT
The tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) is an omnivorous fish native to the Amazon basin, which has high commercial value. Characteristics of rusticity and desirable growth in farming highlight this species for breeding in captivity. However, in commercial fish breeding, feed costs may represent 60-80% of total costs of production, being the protein the most expensive nutrient in the diet. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth of juvenile tambaqui fed with diets containing leucaena leaf flour as protein source. A total of 240 juveniles were distributed in 12 experimental aquaria (350 L) in a completely randomized design with four treatments (0%, 8%, 16%, 24% of inclusion of leucaena leaf flour in diet) and three replications. Weight gain, feed conversion ratio, specific growth rate, protein efficiency rate and cost of production per kilogram of live weight gained were calculated. For the studied variables, there was no significant difference (p> 0.05) among treatments, indicating that it is possible to include up to 24% of leucaena leaf flour in diets for juveniles of tambaqui, without compromising the variables studied, although the replacement has not represented reduction in cost of production per kilogram of fish.
O tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) é um peixe onívoro, natural da bacia amazônica, que possui elevado valor comercial. Características de rusticidade e desempenho produtivo destacam esta espécie para criação em cativeiro. Contudo, em criações comerciais de peixes, os custos com alimentação podem corresponder de 60 a 80% dos custos totais de produção, sendo a proteína o nutriente mais caro da dieta. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho produtivo de juvenis de tambaqui alimentados com rações contendo farinha de folha de leucena como fonte protéica. 240 juvenis foram distribuídos em 12 aquários experimentais (350 L), em um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado com quatro tratamentos (0%, 8%, 16%, 24% de inclusão de farinha de folha de leucena na ração) e três repetições. Foram determinados o ganho de peso, conversão alimentar aparente, taxa de crescimento específico, taxa de eficiência protéica e custo de produção do quilograma de peso vivo ganho. Para as variáveis estudadas, não houve diferença significativa (p>0,05) entre os tratamentos, indicando que é possível incluir até 24% de farinha de folha de leucena em rações para juvenis de tambaqui, sem comprometimento das variáveis estudadas, embora a substituição não tenha representado redução no custo de produção do quilograma de peixe.
Subject(s)
Animals , Characidae/metabolism , Fabaceae , Dietary Proteins , Animal Feed , FisheriesABSTRACT
Este trabalho avalia a ocorrência de moluscos planorbídeos na estação de psicultura do IBAMA em Uberlândia, Minas Gerais. Constatou-se a presença de Biomphalaria straminea em 39,5% dos tanques de criação. Nenhum dos caramujos estava infectado por Schistosoma mansoni, mas investigações complementares devem ser realizadas na área.
This work evaluates the occurrence of freshwater snails in the IBAMA's fish breeding station in Uberlândia, Minas Gerais State. We verified the presence of Biomphalaria straminea in 39.5% of all breeding tanks. None of the snails were infected by Schistosoma mansoni, but further investigation should be done in the area.