A new species and new records of Oxysarcodexia Townsend (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) from Brazil

Abstract Oxysarcodexia cocais sp. nov. from Brazil is described and illustrated based on male specimens collected in a babassu palm forest in the state of Maranhão. The remarkable elongated surstylus (as long as cercus) and U-shaped male sternite 5 distinguishes the new species from other species in the genus. In addition, Oxysarcodexia nitidaSoares & Mello-Patiu, 2010 is recorded for the first time from Brazil, and Oxysarcodexia adunca Lopes, 1975 is a new record from the Brazilian Amazon.

A new species of Sarcofahrtiopsis (Insecta, Diptera, Sarcophagidae) from mangrove forests in the Brazilian Amazon, with a key to species identification / Uma nova espécie de Sarcofahrtiopsis (Insecta, Diptera, Sarcophagidae) de florestas de mangue na Amazônia brasileira, com uma chave de identificação

ABSTRACT A new species of Sarcofahrtiopsis Hall, 1933, S. terezinhae sp. nov., is described based on male specimens collected in traps baited with rotting crabs in a mangrove forest in the state of Pará, eastern Brazilian Amazon. This species differs from congeneric species in having vesica with a row of toe-like projections. We provide a key to the species of the genus.

RESUMO Uma nova espécie de Sarcofahrtiopsis Hall, 1933, S. terezinhae sp. nov., é descrita com base em espécimes machos coletados com armadilhas contendo caranguejo em decomposição como isca em áreas de mangue no Pará, na Amazônia brasileira. Esta espécie difere das demais espécies do gênero por apresentar vesica com uma fileira de projeções parecidas com dedos. Uma chave para as espécies do gênero é apresentada.

Bionomy of two flies of sanitary and forensic importance: Peckia (Sarcodexia) lambens (Wiedemann) and Oxysarcodexia amorosa (Schiner) (Diptera, Sarcophagidae)

ABSTRACTThis study aims to elucidate the bionomy of Peckia(Sarcodexia) lambens and Oxysarcodexia amorosa to provide data for medical, veterinary and forensic entomology analyses. We analyzed larval stage duration (L1–L3), weight of the mature larvae (L3), pupal stage duration, L1–adult duration, adult emergence and viability of larvae and adults of both species. Larval viability of P. (S.) lambens was 82% and the mean duration of the larval stage was 3.51 ± 0.99 days. The mature larvae had a mean weight of 33.67 ± 7.13 mg. The mean duration of the pupal stage was 8.26 ± 0.93 days and the mean duration of the L1–adult was 11.53 ± 1.22 days. Mean lifespan for females and males was 39.33 ± 1.52 and 57.33 ± 4.72 days, respectively. Larval viability of O. amorosa was 76% and mean duration of larval stage was 3.51 ± 0.64 days. Mature larvae had a mean weight of 28.28 ± 3.38 mg. Mean duration of the pupal stage was 10.14 ± 0.63 days and mean duration of the L1–adult was 13.60 ± 0.69 days. Mean lifespan for females and males was 83.66 ± 15.94 and 84.00 ± 19.97 days, respectively. Oxysarcodexia amorosa showed a L1–adult stage longer than P. (S.) lambens; however both species showed low viability. O. amorosa laid more larvae than P. (S.) lambens, this fact may occur because O. amorosa had longer life duration.

Composition, Abundance and Richness of Sarcophagidae (Diptera: Oestroidea) in Forests and Forest Gaps with Different Vegetation Cover

This study was carried out in the Base Operacional Geólogo Pedro de Moura (BOGPM) in the Urucu River Basin, Coari, state of Amazonas, Brazil, during April, June, and October 2007, in 16 areas, 4 in primary forests (environment MT) and 12 in gaps (environments C1, C2, and C3) at different stages of vegetation recovery, with different plant cover height. We collected 3,547 specimens of flesh flies. The 3,525 individuals identified to species level included 10 genera, 6 subgenera, and 23 species. Sarcodexia lambens (Wiedemann) (47.1 percent) and Peckia (Peckia) chrysostoma (Wiedemann) (19.1 percent) were the most abundant species. The abundance patterns and estimated richness differed between the environments, and were separated in two groups, one of the gaps (C1, C2, and C3) and another of forests (MT). Both abundance and estimated richness were higher in the gaps (C1, C2, and C3) than in the forest (MT).

Dípteros de interesse forense em dois perfis de vegetação de cerrado em Uberlândia, MG / Dipterans of forensic interest in two vegetation profiles of cerrado in Uberlândia, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil

Carrion breeding insects may be of great utility in crimes briefing. Studies on forensic entomology are restricted to few localities in Brazil and very few of them were done in the cerrado vegetation (a type of Savannah) until now. This work aimed to survey the main species of dipterans associated with the decomposition process of Sus scrofa and the insect succession pattern in carcasses in the Cerrado. The study was carried out in the dry and humid season of the year, in two cerrado vegetation profiles in Uberlândia, MG. Two pig carcasses were placed in each vegetation profile and time period of the year. The decomposition process was slower and insects were more abundant in the dry season. Differences in temperature, air humidity and pluvial precipitation seemed to be the main physical factors responsible for the differences in the time of decomposition of the pig carcasses between the two seasons. Fourteen species of dipterans (59,467 specimens) bred in the decomposing carcasses. Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann) was the species more abundantly breed in the two periods. The other species that breed in the carcasses were: C. putoria (Wiedemann), Hemilucilia segmentaria(Fabricius), Lucilia eximia(Wiedemann) (Calliphoridae), Peckia (Pattonella) intermutans(Walker), Peckia (Squamatoides) trivitatta(Curran), Sarcodexia lambens(Wiedemann) (Sarcophagidae), Musca domestica(L.), Ophyra aenescens(Wiedemann), Stomoxys calcitransL. (Muscidae), Fannia pusio(Wiedemann), Fannia sp. (Fanniidae), Hermetia illuscens L. (Stratiomyidae) and Phoridae sp. The Cerrado of this region presents many dipterans potential forensic indicators.

Os insetos podem ser de grande utilidade no auxílio de elucidações de crimes. Estudos de entomologia forense ainda estão restritos a poucas localidades no Brasil e são escassos na vegetação de cerrado. Este estudo teve por objetivo identificar as principais espécies de Diptera associadas ao processo de decomposição de carcaças de suínos Sus scrofa e o padrão de sucessão de insetos nesse tipo de substrato. Foram realizados dois experimentos nos períodos seco e úmido do ano em duas áreas de cerrado no município de Uberlândia, MG. Foram utilizadas duas carcaças de suínos em cada ambiente e período do ano. O processo de decomposição foi mais lento no período seco, assim como a maior quantidade de insetos coletados. Diferenças na temperatura, umidade e precipitação pluviométrica parecem ter sido os principais responsáveis pelas diferenças nos tempos de decomposição entre os dois períodos do ano. Quatorze espécies (59.467 espécimes) foram coletadas nas carcaças em decomposição. Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann) was the species more abundantly breed in the two periods. The other species that breed in the carcasses were: C. putoria (Wiedemann), Hemilucilia segmentaria(Fabricius), Lucilia eximia(Wiedemann) (Calliphoridae), Peckia (Pattonella) intermutans(Walker), Peckia (Squamatoides) trivitatta(Curran), Sarcodexia lambens(Wiedemann) (Sarcophagidae), Musca domestica(L.), Ophyra aenescens(Wiedemann), Stomoxys calcitransL. (Muscidae), Fannia pusio(Wiedemann), Fannia sp. (Fanniidae), Hermetia illuscens L. (Stratiomyidae) e Phoridae sp. O cerrado dessa região apresenta vários dípteros potenciais indicadores forenses.

Antibacterial activities of multi drug resistant Myroides odoratimimus bacteria isolated from adult flesh flies (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) are independent of metallo beta-lactamase gene / Atividades antibacterianas de Myroides odoratimimus isolada de moscas varejeiras adultas (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) são independentes do gene metalo beta lactamase

Flesh flies (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) are well known cause of myiasis and their gut bacteria have never been studied for antimicrobial activity against bacteria. Antimicrobial studies of Myroides spp. are restricted to nosocomial strains. A Gram-negative bacterium, Myroides sp., was isolated from the gut of adult flesh flies (Sarcophaga sp.) and submitted to evaluation of nutritional parameters using Biolog GN, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, susceptibility to various antimicrobials by disc diffusion method and detection of metallo â-lactamase genes (TUS/MUS). The antagonistic effects were tested on Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria isolated from human clinical specimens, environmental samples and insect mid gut. Bacterial species included were Aeromonas hydrophila, A. culicicola, Morganella morganii subsp. sibonii, Ochrobactrum anthropi, Weissella confusa, Escherichia coli, Ochrobactrum sp., Serratia sp., Kestersia sp., Ignatzschineria sp., Bacillus sp. The Myroides sp. strain was resistant to penicillin-G, erythromycin, streptomycin, amikacin, kanamycin, gentamycin, ampicillin, trimethoprim and tobramycin. These strain showed antibacterial action against all bacterial strains except W. confusa, Ignatzschineria sp., A. hydrophila and M. morganii subsp. sibonii. The multidrug resistance of the strain was similar to the resistance of clinical isolates, inhibiting growth of bacteria from clinical, environmental and insect gut samples. The metallo â-lactamase (TUS/MUS) genes were absent, and resistance due to these genes was ruled out, indicating involvement of other secretion machinery.

Moscas varejeiras (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) são causa conhecida de miíase e as bactérias de seus intestinos nunca foram estudadas quanto à atividade antibacteriana. Estudos antimicrobianos de Myroides spp restringem-se à cepas hospitalares. Uma bactéria Gram negativa, Myroides sp, foi isolada do intestino de moscas varejeiras adultas (Sarcophaga sp) e submetida à avaliação de parâmetros nutricionais pelo sistema BIOLOG GN, ao sequenciamento genético 16S rRNA, à sensibilidade a vários antimicrobianos pelo método de difusão de discos e à detecção dos genes de metalo beta lactamases (TUS/MUS). Os efeitos antagonistas foram testados contra bactérias Gram negativas e Gram positivas isoladas de material clínico humano, amostras ambientais e intestino do inseto. As espécies bacterianas incluíram Aeromonas hydrophila, A. culicicola, Morganella morganii subsp sibonii, Ochrobactrum anthropi, Weissella confusa, Escherichia coli, Ochrobactrum sp, Serratia sp, Kestersia sp, Ignatzschineria sp e Bacillus sp. A cepa Myroides sp foi resistente à penicilina G, eritromicina, estreptomicina, amicacina, canamicina, gentamicina, ampicilina, trimetoprim e tobramicina. Esta cepa apresentou atividade antimicrobiana contra todas as cepas exceto W.confusa, Ignatzschineria sp, A. hydrophila e M. morgani subsp sibonii. A resistência múltipla da cepa foi semelhante à de isolados clínicos, inibindo bactérias das amostras clínicas, ambientais e do intestino do inseto. Os genes de metalo beta lactamases (TUS/MUS) estavam ausentes, excluindo-se a resistência mediada por esses genes, o que indica o envolvimento de um mecanismo alternativo de secreção.