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Objective To determine the content of chlorogenic acid, total flavones, and anti-oxidant activity in Flos Lonicerae japonicae and Flos Lonicerae obtained from three different origins and compare their differences. Methods The optimized extraction conditions of chlorogenic acid were ultrasonic extraction 30 min in 65 ℃ with ethanol: water (60︰40) and solid-liquid ratio (1︰20). The optimized extraction conditions of total flavonoids were ultrasonic extraction 30 min at 65 ℃ with 60% methanol solution, solid-liquid ratio (1︰10). HPLC and UV spectrophotometry were used to determine the content of chlorogenic acid and total flavonoids in the samples, and then estimation of anti-oxidative activity of Flos Lonicerae japonicae and Flos Lonicerae by DPPH radical scavenging capacity method. Results A method for the analysis of chlorogenic acid and total flavonoids was established, which have a good linear relationship of chlorogenic acid in 0.119-1.190 mg/mL and R2 was 0.999 2 (n = 6); A good linear relationship between 0.008 and 0.050 mg/mL and r2 was 0.999 5 (n = 6) for analysis of the total flavonoids. The average content of chlorogenic acid, total flavonoids, and free radical scavenging rate of Flos Lonicerae from Hunan Province was 3.99%, 13.43%, and 62.41%, respectively. The average content of chlorogenic acid, total flavonoids and free radical scavenging rate of Flos Lonicerae from Chongqing were 3.29%, 10.08%, and 51.48% respectively. The average content of chlorogenic acid, total flavonoids, and free radical scavenging rate of Flos Lonicerae japonicae from Guangxi Province were 2.55%, 7.10%, and 39.51%, respectively. Conclusion This study proposed an analytical method combining the chemical composition analysis and anti-oxidant activity to compare the differences between the different producing areas of Flos Lonicerae japonicae and Flos Lonicerae. Combining the “spectrum-effect”, it provides a new model for the quality control and identification of two plants.
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Objective: To establish an HPLC-DAD method for the determination of rutin and hyperoside in the leaves of "WudangⅡ Flos Lonicerae". Methods: A Fortis Xi Phenyl column (250 mm×4. 6 mm, 5 μm) was adopted, the mobile phase was acetoni-trile-0. 5% glacial acetic acid aqueous solution with gradient elution at a flow rate of 0. 9 ml·min-1, the detection wavelength was 354 nm, and the column temperature was 30℃. Results: The linear range of rutin (r=0. 999 5) and hyperoside (r=0. 999 5) was 9. 00-90. 00μg·ml-1and 16. 35-163. 50 μg·ml-1, and the average recovery was 99. 70% ( RSD =1. 96% ) and 99. 30% ( RSD =1. 95% ), respectively. Conclusion: The method is simple, accurate, reproducible and specific, which can be used for the determina-tion of rutin and hyperoside in the leaves of "Wudang Ⅱ Flos Lonicerae".
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Objective To study the different drying technology.on Wudang Lonicerae Flos (Ⅰ) in chlorogenic acid content.Methods Using HPLC method to research the difference in the contents of chlorogenic acid of Wudang Lonicerae Flos (Ⅰ) employing oven-drying method,air-dried method and steamed drying technologies.DIONEX C18 (4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm) was used.The mobile phases consisted of acetonitrile-0.4％ phosphoric acid aqueous solution (17 ∶ 83).The detection wavelengths of chlorogenic acid was 327nm.The flow rate was 0.4 ml/min.The column temperature was 30 ℃.Results The Separation of Chlorogenic acid content was satisfactory.The concentration and peak area showed a good linearity relationship with the range of 0.285-2.850 μg.Precision,repeatability and stability met the requirements.The average recovery was 100.26％ with RSD 1.95％.Chlorogenic acid content in the steamed drying Wudang Honeysuckle (Ⅰ) was higher.Conclusions The method of steam drying is better than that of oven-drying method and drying.
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Objective To optimize and establish the extraction of total flavones in Lonicera japonica. Methods The ultraviolet spectrophotometry was used to determinate the total flavonoids. The effect of extraction time, the amount of solvent and extraction times,pH were tested by the orthogonal design.ResultsThe total flavonoids showed a linear relationship,the optimal extraction condition of total flavones in Lonicera japonica was with 16 times volume of sample weight water for three times, each time was 2 h.Conclusions The method is simple and applicable to the extraction of total flavones in Lonicera japonica.
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Objective To compare the quality of Lonicerae flos and Lonicerae japonicae flos by determine the main active ingredients. Methods According to methods and standards of determination in Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition), the content of chlorogenic acid , galuteolin , macranthoidin B and asperosaponin B in 50 batches of samples of Lonicerae japonicae flos and .Lonicerae flos were determined. Results For Lonicerae japonicae flos (Lonicera japonica Thunb.), the contents of galuteolin was higher, and chlorogenic acid was lower, less or no contain saponins. For the main species of Lonicerae flos (Lonicera macranthoides Hand.-Mazz. and Lonicera hypoglauca Miq.), the contents of chlorogenic acid and the sum of saponins were higher, less or no galuteolin. Conclusions The main active ingredients of Lonicerae japonicae flos and Lonicerae flos were different. The contents of saponins in some samples of Lonicerae japonicae flos were higher, so the test of saponin should be considered when its raw material for injection.
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Objective To study the technology of flocculation of water-extraction solution in Lonicerae Japonicae Flos by uniform design method.Methods The liquid concentration ratio, chitosan dosage, temperature and pH were studied with the ratio of the precipitation and the rate of the transformation of valid target as index.Results The optimal flocculation process was: dosage of chitosan was 0.14%, pH was 6, the concentration of the solution was 1:3 and the temperature was 30℃.Conclusions The effect of purification is good, and the flocculation process can replace the traditional precipitation process.
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Objective To establish a HPLC method for simultaneous determination of chlorogenic acid and luteoloside in the leaves of“Wudang No.II” flos lonicerae. Methods Phenomenex C18(4. 6 mmí250 mm, 5μm) was used;the mobile phase was acetonitrile( A) and 0. 4% phosphoric acid aqueous solution( B) by gradient elution mode; the detection wavelength was 350 nm and the flow rate was 0. 8 mL·min-1;the column temperature was set at 32℃. Results The calibration curve of chlorogenic acid and luteoloside was linear in the range of 0. 285-2. 280μg(r=0. 999 3), and 0. 124-1. 240μg(r=0. 999 4), respectively. The mean recovery of chlorogenic acid and luteoloside was 98. 9%, RSD=1. 59% and 98. 8%, RSD=1. 84%, respectively. Conclusion This method was found to be accurate, quick and reproducible. It can be used for simultaneous determination of chlorogenic acid and luteoloside in the leaves of “Wudang NO.II”flos lonicerae.
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Objective To investigate the influence of different processing methods on chemical ingredient of Flos Lonicerae.Methods Preparaed the fried yellow products and baked products of Flos Lonicerae,chlorogenic acid was used as indexity ingredients,using high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection method,compared and analyzed the ingredient through the fingerprint chromatogram.Results The no.2 peak on the fingerprint chromatogram of fried yellow products and baked products was chlorogenic acid; The area of 1 1 chromatogram peak on the fingerprint chromatogram of fried yellow products was greater than the raw product,this accounted for most of the dissolution rate of the chemical ingredient increased after Flos Lonicerae fried yellow; The areas of 1,3,6,8number chromatogram peak(262 320,337 986,342 635,190 073) on the fingerprint chromatogram of baked products were greater than the raw product(108 872,267 823,308 942,143 829),the rest was smaller than the raw product,thel 1 number chromatogram peak disappeared,this accounted for most of the dissolution rate of the chemical ingredient was reduced,a few chemical ingredient increased,one chemical ingredient disappeared after baked.Conclusion The different processing methods of Flos Lonicerae had great influence on the chemical ingredient.
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OBJECTIVE: To establish a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method for detecting 192 pesticides in flos lonicerae. Several bathes of flos lonicerae have been determined in order to find out the current status of pesticide residues in flos lonicerae. METHODS: The samples were extracted with acetone, and cleaned-up by the combination of gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and solid-phase extraction (SPE), and determined by GC-MS. RESULTS: The recoveries of most pesticides ranged from 70% to 110% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) ≤15%. The limits of determination were below 0.01 mg·kg-1. CONCLUSION: This method is sensitive, accurate, and can be used for the determination of multi-residual pesticides in flos lonicerae. Copyright 2012 by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.
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Objective To evaluate the efficacy of wet compress with herbs for cetuximab correlative erythra. Methods Forty-two patients received radiochemotherapy combined with cetuximab were randomly divided into two groups. The 23 patients in the experimental group received one-week wet compress with 5g/100ml flos lonicerae twice to five times per day. While the 19 patients in the control group were given wet compress with tepid water. The efficacy on day 3 and day 7 were observed. Results The efficacy on erythra was better in the experimental group than that of control group P<0.05. Conclusion The wet compress with flos lonicerae is effective,safe and economical for the treatment of cetuximab correlative erythra,which is deserved to be applied in clinical practice.
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Objective To discuss the influence of drug compatibility on the components of the volatile oil in Flos Lonicerae and Fructus Forsythiae. Methods GC-MS system was used to analyze the volatile oil in Flos Lonicerae, Fructas Forsythiae and their combination. The effect of compatibility on the components and content of volatile oil was evaluated. Results The results of GC-MS showed that gerani]o, tetradecanoic acid methyl ester, hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester, fluoranthene, 9, 12, 15-Octadeeatrienoic acid ethyl ester and linoleic acid was detectable in Flos Lonicerae but was undetectable in the drug pair; camphene, alpha-terpinene, perillaalcohol, 2-beta-pinene, beta-hexadecanal, phellandrene was de-tectable in Fructus Forsythiae but was undetectable in the drug pair; limonene, isolongifolene, nonadecane was detectable in the drug pair but was undetectable in the two single drugs. Conclusion The compatibility of the drug pair has an effect on components and contents in the volatile oil of Flos Lonicerae and Fructus Forsythiae.
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OBJECTIVE:To establish methods for the determination of the metal elements and the Total flavonoids in Flos Lonicerae Japonicae.METHODS:The atomic absorption spectrometry was adopted to determine the contents of macroelements(Na,K,Ca,Mg)and trace elements(Cu,Zn,Fe,Mn,Cr,Ni)while UV spectrometry was adopted for the determination of the content of Total flavonoids in Flos Lonicerae Japonicae.RESULTS:Metal elements and Flavonoids were found to be rich in Flos Lonicerae Japonicae.CONCLUSION:The methods adopted in this study were simple,rapid,accurate,sensitive and precise.
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Objective In order to study the application of macroporous resins and so on to the purified active components of Euphorbia humifusa、Leaves of Flos Lonicerae、Chrysanthemum morifolium,adsorption and separation properties for 3 types of macroporous resins and polyamide were investigated.Methods The total flavone was used as the evaluating criteria,we selected suitable macroporous resins and studied optimum technological parameters of the adsorption and elution.Spectrophotometry was used for the determination of total flavone.Results The suitable macroporous resins which were used to the purified active components of traditional Chinese medicine were D101 and DA201 and DM301 for Euphorbia humifusa、DA201 for Leaves of Flos Lonicerae、D101 and DA201 and DM301 for Chrysanthemum morifolium,The concentration of the sample of Euphorbia humifusa for DA201 and D101 were 0.49～1.47 and 0.42～1.31 mg/ml.The concentration of the sample of Leaves of Flos Lonicerae for DA201 was 1.03～2.07 mg/ml.The concentration of the sample of Chrysanthemum morifolium for DA201 and D101 was 0.50～1.00 and 0.71～1.99 mg.ml.In the adsorption course,appeared leaking were 8 and 10、2、2 and 1 BV respectively.In the elution course,when the alcohol concentrations were 20%、30%、40% and 20%、30%、40%;10%、20%、30%;30%、40%、50% and 20%、30%、40%;respectively,the total flavone content in the elution solutions was higher.The influence of temperature to DA201 and D101 adsorpting total flavone for Euphorbia humifusa was not great.But the influence of temperature to DA201 and D101 adsorpting total flavone for Leaves of Flos Lonicerae and Chrysanthemum morifolium were certain degree.Conclusions It is obviously different to refine the total flavone active components of traditional Chinese medicine,while using 3 types of macroporous resins and polyamide.
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Objective To observe the effect of extracts from Flos Lonicerae inhibiting influenza A virus FM1 strain. Method Use the method of hemagglutination test, determine the hemagglutination inhibition titer that extracts from Flos Lonicerae inhibiting influenza A virus in vitro and in embryonated egg. Result Compared with the control group, the hemagglutination inhibition titer of extracts from Flos Lonicerae group were degraded. The depressant effect kept on from 1 hour to 24 hour, and the depressant effect were degraded with the stepping down of the concentration. At the concentration of 100, 50, 25 mg/mL, extracts from Flos Lonicerae had the preventative effect and therapeutical effect on embryonated egg infected by influenza A virus (P
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OBJECTIVE: To optimize the extraction process of total flavonoids from flos lonicerae. METHODS: The time and temperature of extracting, the amount of solvent and the extraction times of total flavonoids from flos lonicerae was optimized using the uniform design. With the yield total flavonoids as markers to conduct U11(116) experiment and optimize the technology. RESULSTS: The optimum extraction process was adding 10 times 5% alcohol extracting for 1 h (only one time) at 85 ℃. CONCLUSION: This extraction process is simple, reliable and serves as a theoretic basis for the extraction process of total flavonoids from flos lonicerae.
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Objective To study the constituents in water-extracts from Flos Lonicerae. Methods Compounds were isolated and purified by using various column chromatography such as D101, Sephadex LH-20, and silica gel, etc. Their structures were identified on the basis of physical and spectral data. Results Seven secoiridoid glycosides were obtained and identified as vogeloside (Ⅰ), 7-epi-vogeloside (Ⅱ), secologanic acid (Ⅲ), sweroside (Ⅳ), secoxyloganin (Ⅴ), secologanoside (Ⅵ), (E)-aldosecologanin (Ⅶ). Conclusion Among them, compounds Ⅲ and Ⅵ are firstly obtained from the plants in Lonicera L. The structure of compound Ⅶ is rare in nature so far.
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Objective To explore an approach to identifying the plant source of Flos Lonicerae and Lonicera confusa rapidly, precisely, and efficiently. Methods Using LM and SEM to observe and compare the characters of leaf epidermis of the five species of Lonicer L. including L. japonica, L. confuse, L. hypoglauca, L. dasystyla, and L. macrantha. Results There are obvious differences in leaf epidermis among the five species of Lonicera L. under LM and SEM. Conclusion The characteristics of leaf epidermis can be used to identify the plant source of Flos Lonicerae and L. confusa. According to their characteristics under LM and SEM, the retrieval keys to the five species of Lonicera L. have been compiled.
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Object To study the formation of geoherbalism of Flos Lonicerae on the molecular level Methods Genomic DNAs from different populations of Lonicera japonica Thunb , outgroup Lonicera similis Hemsl , and Lonicera confusa DC were extracted, the 5S rRNA gene spacer region amplified, sequuenced, and analysed with Mega 1 02 Results The fragments of 5S rRNA gene spacer region in Lonicera L was about 210 bp with G+C content up to about 70% The sequences were different in various populations, and can be identified by sequencing The genetic distance between L confusa and L japonica was larger Conclusion The genuine distance between species was larger than that within species; the genetic distance among genuine crude drugs was smaller; the genetic distance among genuine and ungenuine crude drugs were bigger than that among genuine crude drugs
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The content of scutellarin in Radix Scutellariae and Shuanghuanglian Injection was determined with dual wavelength TLC scanner. This method can be used as a rapid quantitation one in quality verification because of its simplicity involving hign sensitivity, good reproducibility and stable result.
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AIM: The extent similarity algorithm was introduced, integrated clustering analysis to evaluate the quality of different sources of Flos lonicerae japonicae. METHODS: The fingerprint spectum of Flos lonicerae japonicae was established to calculate correlation coefficient, cosine of the included angle and extent similarity of thirty-five samples, and then clustering analysis was adopted. RESULTS: In combination of the extent similarity and the clustering analysis to evaluate the quality of Flos lonicerae japonicae, and the results showed that it accorded with reality. CONCLUSION: This method is accurate and reliable, and it is an apparent, credible and efficient method for quality evaluation of Chinese medicines.