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1.
Rev. Odontol. Araçatuba (Impr.) ; 43(3): 68-71, set.-dez. 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1381331

ABSTRACT

Although fluoride (F) is required for the normal growth and development of several human organs and tissues, excessive exposure to it may be potentially toxic. Groundwater may present ranging levels of F; however, the appearance, taste, and smell are not altered. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate dental fluorosis in children from a Brazilian slave-descendent community, as well as to assess F levels in the drinking water supplies available in that area. For that, 21 children aged from 6 to 14 years living in Rincão dos Martimianos were invited to participate. Thylstrup and Fejerskov index (a 0­9 scale) was used to assess dental fluorosis on permanent teeth. Furthermore, the F concentration of two water samples (from the artesian well and a tank) was determined by using a potentiometric method. All children presented dental fluorosis to some degree, ranging from score 2 to 9. About 81% of them had dental fluorosis scores equal to or over 5. Scores lower than 5 were observed only in children younger than 8 years; on the other hand, all children older than 8 years presented scores higher than 5. Moreover, artesian well water had an F concentration of 5 mg/L and tank water 0.8 mg/L. It is suggested that the F-rich groundwater supply was most probably responsible for dental fluorosis in that area. Brazilian slave-descendent communities, therefore, should receive constant attention from their local authorities in order to guarantee a proper water supply for consumption, as well as to provide public health education(AU)


Embora o flúor (F) seja necessário para o crescimento e desenvolvimento normal de vários órgãos e tecidos humanos, a exposição excessiva pode ser potencialmente tóxica. As águas subterrâneas podem apresentar níveis variados de F; no entanto, a aparência, o sabor e o cheiro não são alterados. Desta forma, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a fluorose dentária em crianças de uma comunidade brasileira descendente de escravos, bem como avaliar os níveis de F na água potável disponível nessa área. Para isso, 21 crianças de 6 a 14 anos residentes no Rincão dos Martimianos foram convidadas a participar da pesquisa. O índice de Thylstrup e Fejerskov (uma escala de 0 a 9) foi usado para avaliar a fluorose dentária em dentes permanentes. Além disso, a concentração de F de duas amostras de água (do poço artesiano e de um tanque) foi determinada pelo método potenciométrico. Todas as crianças apresentaram algum grau de fluorose dentária, variando de 2 a 9. Cerca de 81% delas apresentaram escores de fluorose dentária iguais ou superiores a 5. Escores inferiores a 5 foram observados apenas em crianças menores de 8 anos; por outro lado, todas as crianças maiores de 8 anos apresentaram escores superiores a 5. Além disso, a água do poço artesiano tinha concentração de F de 5 mg/L e a água do tanque 0,8 mg/L. Desta forma, acredita-se que a fonte de água subterrânea rica em F foi provavelmente responsável pela fluorose dentária na região avaliada. As comunidades quilombolas brasileiras, portanto, devem receber atenção constante de suas autoridades locais, a fim de garantir o abastecimento adequado de água para consumo, bem como proporcionar educação em saúde pública(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Dentition, Permanent , Quilombola Communities , Fluorosis, Dental , Water Supply , Drinking Water , Groundwater , Public Health , Fluorine
2.
Braz. oral res. (Online) ; 35: e104, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1350369

ABSTRACT

Abstract This study aims to develop a nano-sized fluoridated layered double hydroxide (LDH)-based release system via hydrothermal treatment for the controlled delivery of fluoride (F-) ions in the oral environment. The synthesis of conventional LDH-type (C-LDH) precursor nanomaterials was conducted using a co-precipitation method at constant pH, and the nanoparticulate-LDH (N-LDH) was synthesized by a hydrothermal procedure. Fluoride LDH (F-LDH) products were obtained through indirect synthesis using the precursor ion-exchange technique by varying the agitation time (2 and 24 h) and temperature (25 and 40 °C) to produce 12 material samples. The materials were characterized by energy dispersive x-ray, hexamethyldisilazane, digital radiography x-ray, Fourier-transform infrared, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. Additionally, the F-release kinetic profile was evaluated for 21 d in neutral and acid media with mathematical model analysis. Products with varying F-quantities were obtained, revealing specific release profiles. In general, there was a higher F-release in the acid medium, with emphasis on F-LDH-8. Fluoride-LDH and controlled fluoride delivery was successfully obtained, proving the potential of these nanomaterials as alternative anti-caries agents.

3.
Chinese Journal of Endemiology ; (12): 79-82, 2019.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-733806

ABSTRACT

Fluoride contamination in water is a serious public health problem.Detection of fluoride ion in drinking water is an important indicator to evaluate the status of fluoride pollution in water and control effect.At present,the methods for detecting fluoride ion in water include fluorine reagent spectrophotometry,ion selective electrode method,ion chromatography,and zirconium salt pigment colorimetry.This article briefly reviews the principles,detection limits,influencing factors,and advantages and disadvantages of these commonly used detection methods,and puts forward the improvement direction of detection method in view of current demand for detection of water fluoride ion.

4.
RGO (Porto Alegre) ; 63(4): 461-466, Oct.-Dec. 2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-770570

ABSTRACT

Objective: Evaluate fluoride concentration in 500ml commercial brands of bottled water and compare it to the amount ​​printed on the label. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted. Samples of nine different commercial brands of 500ml bottled water were collected at authorized distribution points in the city of Fortaleza, CE, Brazil, in 2013. Fluoride concentration was determined in duplicate using a fluoride ion-selective electrode. The results were obtained from linear regression of the calibration curve. Results: Fluoride concentrations ranged between 0.07 and 0.63 ppm F- or mg F/L. There were significant differences between the values ​​​​printed on the labels and those found in the analysis. The fluoride concentration levels determined were not in compliance with the recommended levels by the National Health Surveillance Agency. Conclusions: The results obtained confirm the need for more careful monitoring of fluoride levels in bottled water and closer sanitary inspections.


Objetivo: Avaliar a concentração de flúor na água engarrafada comercializada, com padrão de apresentação de 500 ml, comparando-a aos valores impressos no rótulo da embalagem. Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico, descritivo e transversal. Foram coletadas amostras das nove marcas disponíveis, na forma de apresentação de 500 ml, nos pontos de distribuição autorizados do município de Fortaleza, em 2013. A concentração de flúor foi determinada por análise em duplicata, utilizando o eletrodo íon-específico para fluoretos. Os resultados de concentração de flúor foram obtidos através da regressão linear da curva de calibração. Resultados: A concentração de flúor variou entre 0,07 e 0,63 ppm de flúor por mg/l, com diferenças significantes entre os valores estipulados nos rótulos e os encontrados com a análise, além de apresentar a concentração foram do padrão preconizado pela vigilância sanitária. Conclusões: Os resultados reforçam a necessidade de um controle dos níveis de flúor em águas engarrafadas, além de uma maior fiscalização por parte da vigilância sanitária.

5.
Rev. bras. med. trab ; 13(1)jan.-jun. 2015.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-771366

ABSTRACT

Contexto: Paciente de 38 anos foi encaminhado por ordem judicial para ambulatório de saúde ocupacional de hospital público terciário com queixa de dor difusa em membros inferiores, superiores, coluna e bacia, além de dificuldade na deambulação. Trazia imagens de ressonância magnética e tomografia com sinais de osteosclerose/osteonecrose em diferentes ossos (tíbia, fêmur, úmero, osso da bacia). Havia sido atendido pela equipe de clínica médica do mesmo hospital e realizado biópsia de crista ilíaca, que evidenciou infarto ósseo e grande quantidade de alumínio ósseo. Tem histórico laboral de atividade na produção de alumínio durante quatro anos, em mineradora do estado do Maranhão. Objetivos: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo revisão na literatura de possíveis causas ocupacionais em distúrbios ósseos, e identificar elementos técnico-científicos que permitam relacionar a deposição óssea de alumínio com as alterações clínico-radiológicas do caso em questão. Métodos: Foi realizada revisão de literatura baseada em publicações nas principais bases de pesquisa (PubMed, SciELO, Lilacs), além de avaliação de etapas de beneficiamento do alumínio na indústria mineradora. Resultados: Por meio da constatação da exposição do trabalhador a subprodutos químicos do beneficiamento do alumínio metálico, que, sabidamente podem causar fluorose óssea, e a associação desta doença com os achados de exame radiológico, bem como sintomatologia apresentada por este trabalhador, é possível estabelecer nexo ocupacional. Conclusão: A sintomatologia apresentada pelo trabalhador, bem como suas alterações de exame de imagem e anatomopatológico, permitem inferência de causalidade entre a exposição a compostos de fluoreto e criólita e seu distúrbio ósseo.


Context: A 38 year old patient was referred by court order for occupational health medical service of tertiary public hospital complaining of diffuse pain in lower and upper limbs, spine and pelvis, and walking difficulty. Magnetic resonance imaging and tomography signs of osteosclerosis/osteonecrosis in different bones (tibia, femur, humerus, hip bone). He was seen by the medical clinic of the same hospital and some procedures have been performed, such as iliac crest biopsy, which revealed bone infarction and a large amount of aluminum bone. This patient has worked for four years in aluminum production, in Maranhão, Brazil. Objectives: This paper aims to review the literature of possible occupational causes for bone disorders and identify technical and scientific elements that may allow to relate the bone aluminum deposition with clinical and radiological changes of the case. Methods: For this purpose, we performed a literature review based on publications in major research bases (PubMed, SciELO, Lilacs), and evaluation stages of processing of aluminum in the mining industry. Results: Through the observation of the worker exposure to chemical byproducts from the processing of aluminum metal, which is known to cause skeletal fluorosis, and the association of this disease with radiological findings and symptoms presented by this paper, it is possible establish relationship between his occupational activity and the diasease. Conclusion: The symptoms presented by the worker, as well as their changes of imaging and pathologic examination, allow inference of causality between exposure to fluoride and cryolite compounds and their bone disorder.


Subject(s)
Osteonecrosis/etiology , Occupational Exposure , Fluorine Compounds , Aluminum/adverse effects
6.
Rev. odontol. UNESP (Online) ; 42(5): 372-377, set.-out. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-690729

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Avaliar, in vitro, o efeito preventivo da aplicação tópica de um verniz à base de tetrafluoreto de titânio quimicamente estável e de um verniz à base de fluoreto de sódio sobre o esmalte bovino, mediante ciclagem de pH. Metodologia: A amostra foi constituída por 75 blocos de esmalte bovino 3×3 mm, sendo 15 aleatoriamente alocados em cada um dos cinco grupos: G1: Dentifrício Fluoretado + Verniz sem princípio ativo; G2: Dentifrício Fluoretado + Verniz à base de TiF4 (4 minutos); G3: Dentifrício Fluoretado + Verniz à base de TiF4 (24 horas); G4: Dentifrício Fluoretado + Verniz à base de NaF (24 horas); G5: Dentifrício Fluoretado. A ciclagem de pH foi realizada por um período de 14 dias, constando de oito ciclos, a 37 °C. Os blocos tratados foram mantidos em solução desmineralizante por oito horas e, por 16 horas, em solução remineralizante, sendo submetidos à análise da superfície em microscopia eletrônica de varredura e espectroscopia de energia dispersiva. Resultado: O verniz à base de TiF4 promoveu uma maior proteção ao esmalte quando comparado com os demais grupos. Mesmo após o período de ciclagem, foram encontrados fósforo, cálcio, sódio, magnésio, titânio, cloro, silício, alumínio, enxofre, potássio, oxigênio e flúor na superfície do esmalte. Conclusão: O aspecto da estrutura adamantina submetida à ação do tetrafluoreto de titânio revelou a presença de uma película protetora. O cálcio e o fósforo foram os principais compostos inorgânicos encontrados no esmalte, sendo observadas alterações na constituição química da camada superficial adamantina em função do tratamento com fluoreto instituído.


Objective: To evaluate the in vitro preventive effect of topical application of achemically stable titanium-tetrafluoride (TiF4) varnish and a sodium fluoride (NaF) varnish on bovine enamel by pH cycling test. Methodology: The sample consisted of 75 blocks of bovine enamel measuring 3x3mm, which were randomly assigned to 5 groups of 15, as follows: G1: Fluoridated dentifrice + varnish without active principle; G2: fluoridated dentifrice + TiF4 varnish (4 minutes); G3: fluoridated dentifrice + TiF4 varnish (24 hours); G4:fluoridated dentifrice + NaF varnish (24 hours); G5: fluoridated dentifrice.A pH cycling was carried out for a period of 14 days, consisting of 8 cycles at 37 °C. The treated blocks were kept in demineralizing and remineralizing solutions for 8 and 16 hours, respectively, being then subjected to surface analysis under scanning electron microscopy and dispersive energy spectroscopy. Result: The TiF4 varnishshowed a greater protection to enamel when compared with the other groups.Even after the cycling period, the following elements were found on the enamel surface: phosphorus, calcium, sodium, magnesium, titanium, chlorine, silicon, aluminum, sulfur, potassium, oxygen and fluorine. Conclusion: The adamantine structure subjected to the action of titanium tetrafluoride revealed the presence of a protective pellicle.Calcium and phosphorus were the major inorganic compounds found in enamel. Furthermore, there were changes in the chemical composition of the adamantine surface layer as a result of the treatment with fluoride.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Spectrum Analysis , Titanium , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Tooth Demineralization , Fluorine Compounds , Reactivity-Stability , Dental Enamel , Sodium Fluoride , In Vitro Techniques , Fluorides, Topical , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
7.
Chinese Journal of Primary Medicine and Pharmacy ; (12): 1654-1655,后插2, 2012.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-598041

ABSTRACT

Objective In this study,the fluorine release behavior of six glass ionomer cements (GIC) samples was investigated in distilled water and artificial saliva.Methods The fluorine release behavior in GIC was measured by gas chromatography.Results Various GIC materials had the maxium fluorine release rate in the beginning,and the rate decreased rapidly.After 56 days,although the fluorine release quantity was in a trend of decreasing,the release process can be retained during a long period.For No3,No5,and No6 sampler,the fluorine release quantity in artificial saliva was lower than distilled water,whereas no significant difference was observed for Nol and No2 materials.The No4 sample produced a larger fluorine release quantity in artificial saliva.It can also be conducted that the immersible time of GIC and the fluorine release quantity met the equation of log ( Y ) =a + b x log ( t ).Conclusion The fluorine release behavior of six GIC matched the logarithmic regulation.

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