Some suggestions on compiling of Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020 edition / 中草药

According to the status of the 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia and following the idea of establishing the most rigorous standard, to provide constructive suggestions for the revision of the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia, three suggestions are put forward to the current compilation work as follows: the name about multi-sourced traditional Chinese medicine; Non-standard traditional Chinese medicine entered the prescription of Chinese medicine in Chinese Pharmacopoeia; The font and order of words standardization of Latin scientific name of traditional Chinese medicine.

Mortalidad en Vacunos entre el Nacimiento y Doce Meses de Edad en Dos Fincas Doble Propósito del estado Trujillo / Cattle Mortality from Birth to Twelve Months of Age in Two Dual Purpose Herds of Trujillo State

Para evaluar el efecto de los factores no genéticos y de grupo racial sobre la mortalidad entre 0 y 12 m de edad, se analizaron 18755 nacimientos, de dos fincas doble propósito, a través de un modelo lineal generalizado utilizando Proc Genmod (SAS), que incluyó: finca (F: 1, 2), año de nacimiento (An: 1997,…,2010), mes de nacimiento (Mn: enero,…,diciembre), sexo (Sx: macho, hembra), número de partos de la madre (Np: 1,...,9 o más), grupo racial del becerro (Gr: 50EU50CB, 50HO50CB, 50PS50CB, >CEBUE, >EIND, ML) y peso al nacer kg (Pn; ≤ 26,4; 26,5 a 33,4; ≥33,5 kg). La mortalidad fue 8,93%. El factor F fue el único que no afectó la mortalidad (P>0,13). La mayor diferencia entre An fue 318,27%, con mayor mortalidad en el año 2006 con respecto a 1998. La diferencia absoluta entre el mejor mes (marzo) y el peor mes (octubre) fue 48,96%. Las hembras murieron menos que los machos (14,13%). La mortalidad en hijos de vacas de un parto fue 10,05%, luego decrece para los hijos de vacas de 2 a 5 partos (7,91% en promedio) y un aumento en la mortalidad para los hijos de vacas de 6 a 9 partos o más (8,89%). Becerros con Pn ≤ 26,4 kg tuvieron mayor mortalidad que aquellos con Pn entre 26,5 y 33,4 kg y los que tuvieron Pn ≥33,5 kg, con 10,58; 8,89 y 6,61%, respectivamente. Sin embargo, el comportamiento de Pn puede variar dependiendo del An, debido a la presencia de la interacción de An × Pn. Los Gr con menor mortalidad fueron 50HO50CB y 50PS50CB, con 8,31 y 7,69%, respectivamente. Los factores no ambientales así como Gr tienen un impacto importante sobre la mortalidad en becerros entre el nacimiento y los 12 meses de edad.

The effect of non-genetic factors and breed group on mortality between 0 and 12 months of age was evaluated in dual purpose cattle. A total of 18755 calving, from two farms in the State of Trujillo, Venezuela, were studied. Data were analyzed by a generalized nonlinear model using the GENMOD (SAS) procedure that included: Farm (F: 1, 2), year of birth (Yb: 1997, ..., 2010), month of birth (Mb: January, ...,December), sex (Sx: male, female), calving number of the cow (Cn: 1,...,9 or more), breed group of the calf (Bg: 50EU50CB, 50HO50CB, 50PS50CB, >CEBUE, >EIND, ML), and birth weight in kg (Bw: ≤ 26,4; 26,5 to 33,4; ≥33,5 kg). Mortality was 8.93%. The F was the only factor that did not affect mortality (P> 0.13). The greatest difference between Yb was 318.27% more deaths in 2006 than in 1998. The absolute difference in mortality between the best month (March) and the worst month (October) was 48.96%. Female died less than male, with a difference of 14.13%. Mortality in first calving cows was 10.05%, which decreased for 2 to 5 calving cows (7.91% on average) with an increased mortality of 6 to 9 or more calving cows (8.89%). Calves with Bw ≤26.4 kg had a higher mortality than those with Bw between 26.5 and 33.4 kg and those who had >33.5 kg Bw, with 10.58, 8.89, and 6.61%, respectively. However, the Bw behavior may vary depending on the Yb, due to the presence of the YB*Bw interaction. The Bg with lower mortality were 50HO50CB and 50PS50CB, with 8.31 and 7.69%, respectively. It is concluded that non-environmental factors and Bg had a significant impact on mortality of calves between birth and 12 months old.

Errors in drug labeling and medico-legal awareness.

The importance of drug labels can not be overlooked. Many a times drug labels are missing which may lead to toxicological effects catastrophic accident and medico -legal implication. The objective of the present study was to learn and highlight the problems faced by the medical practitioner, pharmacist and the patients as regards to drug label it’s, medico- legal problems and suggest remedial measures. 55 medical practitioner of Government Medical College, Haldwani and 40 pharmacist of Haldwani town were surveyed through a questionnaire. The 90% of medical practitioners and 80% of pharmacist had faced problem with label related errors. None had been charged for malpraxis and negligence. Remedial measures suggested were barcoding (96%, 60%) colour coding, prefilled syringes (90%, 30%), increasing font sizes and more awareness about medico-legal liability, ethical issue and punishment. Drug label errors are an important cause of patient morbidity, mortality and medico-legal liabilities of medical practitioners. Improved and correct labeling understanding medico-legal importance and communication is the key element in minimising errors. Bar code generated labels, embossing, waterproof labels, improving quality of stickers, increasing font sizes, overcoming language barriers and sense of responsibility will readdress these deficiencies in services.

Performance of the Albicans ID2 FONT FACE=Symbol>Ò /FONT> chromogenic medium for rapid identification of Candida albicans

The aim of our study was to evaluate the accuracy of the chromogenic media Albicans ID2 FONT FACE=Symbol>Ò /FONT> (bioMérieux, France) for the identification of Candida albicans among 330 yeast strains. All C. albicans (100) and C. dubliniensis (20) strains exhibited blue color when cultured on Albicans ID2 FONT FACE=Symbol>Ò /FONT>. However, the blue color was also exhibited by cultures of C. rugosa (30/30) and C. tropicalis (3/50) isolates.

O objetivo do nosso estudo foi avaliar a eficácia do meio cromogênico Albicans ID2 FONT FACE=Symbol>Ò /FONT> (bioMérieux, France) na identificação de Candida albicans entre 330 amostras de leveduras. As cepas de C. albicans (100) e C. dubliniensis (20) exibiram coloração azul quando semeadas em Albicans ID2 FONT FACE=Symbol>Ò /FONT>. Contudo, a coloração azul também foi verificada em culturas de C. rugosa (30/30) e C. tropicalis (3/50).

Estudo experimental do enxerto autólogo de ovário em cadelas submetidas a ovariectomia e ovariosalpingohisterectomia

Isobutyl-2-cyanoacrylate (Group I) and n-butyl- FONT FACE="Symbol">a /font> -cyanoacriylate (Group II) were tested in two groups of dogs: Group I=13 dogs and Group II=12 dogs that had intestinal laterolateral anastomosis.The anastomosis were avaluated on days: 4, 14 and 28 after surgery. Adhesions between omentum and the surgical wall wound were grossly in both groups. Regarding the presence of adhesions comparing the two groups with unpaired t test, the difference between the Group I and II is not significant (p=0,3624). Histology revealed inflammation and granuloma on the anastomosis with the adhesive inside of it both with isobutyl-2-cyanoacrylate and n-butyl- FONT FACE="Symbol">a /font> -cyanoacriylate

Testou-se em 25 cães a aplicação do isobutil-2-cianoacrilato (Grupo I) e n-butil- FONT FACE="Symbol">a /font> -cianoacrilato (Grupo II) para anastomose intestinal látero-lateral. As anastomoses foram avaliadas aos quatro, 14 e 28 dias de p.o. Observou-se macroscópicamente aderência entre o epiploo e a ferida cirúrgica da parede abdominal em ambos os grupos. Comparando os Grupos I e II através o teste t não pareado, estatisticamente não apresentaram diferença significativa (p=0,3624). Ao exame histológico notou-se reação inflamatória, granuloma e no seu interior presença do adesivo