ABSTRACT
En la actualidad Cuba desarrolla un Programa de Atención Integral al Paciente con Úlcera de Pie Diabético (UPD) mediante el uso del Heberprot-P, esencial para disminuir la amputación y la discapacidad. El trabajo tiene el objetivo de realizar un diagnóstico sobre la aplicación del Heberprot-P en el Servicio de Angiología del Hospital Provincial Universitario Manuel Ascunce Domenech de Camagüey. Se realizaron encuestas a pacientes para identificar necesidades sentidas relacionadas con el tratamiento y para las actitudes manifiestas, y se hicieron entrevistas al personal médico y de enfermería. El diagnóstico permitió corroborar la necesaria investigación con enfoque social del servicio de salud escogido a nivel territorial. Destaca elevar el trabajo de captación de pacientes desde el nivel primario de salud para garantizar un mayor alcance del programa, así como la trascendencia del apoyo familiar y la relación profesional de la salud- paciente a fin de lograr la calidad requerida.
At present Cuba is developing a program concerning the care of patient with ulcer of the diabetes foot by means of Heberprot-P essential to reduce the amputation and disability. The aim of this paper is to carry out a diagnosis about social aspects of the application of the Heberprot-P in the Angiology service at Manuel Ascunce Domenech Hospital in Camaguey. Some surveys were carry out to identify certain needs related with the treatment and the attitude shown and on the other hand some interview were made to the medical and nursing staff. The diagnosis allowed to verify the need of the research with social approach. The paper highlight how to incorporate patients from the primary health level, in order this program has a higher scope and the importance of the family support and the professional relationship to accomplish the quality required.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To assess the impact of a diabetic foot outpatient clinic on reducing the morbidity of this disease, with emphasis on lower-limb lesions. Methods: This was a prospective observational study with a target population of 30 cases out of a total of 77 patients in the diabetic foot outpatient clinic. The inclusion criterion was that data relating to laboratory tests, clinical examinations, neuropathic and vascular tests and the elbow-arm index needed to be available from all the patients, with repetition after 18 months of follow-up, so as to analyze their evolution. The statistical analysis was done using the McNemar chi-square test for dependent samples. Results: The patients' mean age was 61 years. All of them had type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), which had started 14.5 years previously, on average, and 20% had neuropathies. After 18 months, there was no change in the frequency of lesions in diabetes target organs (p = 1.000) or in the neuropathy rate (p = 1.000). However, there were significant improvements in neuropathic symptoms, from 70% to 36.7% (p = 0.035), and in peripheral arterial disease, from 73.3% to 46.7% (p = 0.021). There was also a decrease in ulcers from 13.3% to 10% (p = 1.000). Conclusions: Creation of specialized outpatient clinics for prevention of diabetic foot is a viable investment, which has low cost compared with the high costs generated through the complications from this disease. This approach noticeably improves the patients' quality of life, with reduction of morbidity...
Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto de um ambulatório de pé diabético na redução da morbidade da doença, com ênfase nas lesões dos membros inferiores. Métodos: Estudo prospectivo, observacional, com população alvo de 30 casos do total de 77 pacientes do ambulatório de pé diabético. O critério de inclusão foi que todos os pacientes tivessem exames laboratoriais, exame clínico, testes neuropático e vascular e índice tornozelo-braço repetidos após 18 meses de acompanhamento, o que permitiu analisar sua evolução. A análise estatística foi feita com o teste qui-quadrado de MacNemar para amostras dependentes. Resultados: A média de idade dos pacientes foi de 61 anos, todos portadores de diabetes mellitus (DM) tipo 2, iniciada em média havia 14,5 anos, e 20% eram neuropatas. Após 18 meses, não houve mudança na frequência de lesão em órgão alvo da diabetes (p = 1,000) e no índice de neuropatía (p = 1,000). Obteve-se, no entanto, melhoria significativa dos sintomas neuro-páticos de 70% para 36,7% (p = 0,035), bem como da doenca arterial periférica de 73,3% para 46,7% (p = 0,021). Foi observada ainda diminuição de 13,3% para 10% das úlceras (p = 1,000). Conclusões: A criação de ambulatórios especializados em prevenção do pé diabético é investimento viável, de baixo custo quando comparado aos altos custos gerados pelas complicates dessa doenca. Essa abordagem melhora sensivelmente a qualidade de vida do paciente, com a redução da morbidade...