ABSTRACT
Objetivo: analizar el efecto de la reflexología podal sobre la fatiga en pacientes en hemodiálisis, combinando los resultados de estudios independientes sobre este tema. Método: estudio de metaanálisis. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en siete bases de datos. La calidad metodológica de los estudios incluidos se evaluó mediante las herramientas propuestas por el Joanna Briggs Institute. Para el metaanálisis se utilizó el programa Comprehensive Meta-Analysis v3. Resultados: en el metaanálisis se incluyeron ocho estudios. El resultado de la diferencia de medias estandarizada del metaanálisis = 1,580 (Intervalo de Confianza de 95% = 1,075 - 2,085 p = 0,000). El resultado del análisis de subgrupos realizado sobre la base de la diferencia de medias estandarizada en el número de sesiones de reflexología podal = 1,478 (Intervalo de Confianza de 95% = 1,210 - 1,747, p = 0,000). Conclusión: se concluyó que la reflexología podal puede utilizarse para reducir la fatiga en pacientes en hemodiálisis. En los estudios investigados no se proporcionó información sobre los posibles efectos secundarios y negativos de la reflexología podal.
Objective: this meta-analysis study analyzed the effect of foot reflexology on fatigue in hemodialysis patients by combining the results of independent studies on this subject. Method: meta-analysis study. A literature search was conducted in seven databases. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using tools proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis v3 was used for meta-analysis. Results: eight studies were included in the meta-analysis. The result of the meta-analysis standardized mean difference = 1.580 (95% Confidence Interval = 1.075 - 2.085 p = 0.000). The result of the subgroup analysis performed based on the number of foot reflexology sessions standardized mean difference = 1,478 (95% Confidence Interval = 1,210 - 1,747, p = 0.000). Conclusion: it was concluded that foot reflexology can be used to reduce fatigue in hemodialysis patients. No information was provided in the investigated studies about the possible side effects and negative effects of foot reflexology.
Objetivo: analisar o efeito da reflexologia podal sobre a fadiga em pacientes em hemodiálise, combinando os resultados de estudos independentes sobre este assunto. Método: estudo de metanálise. Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica em sete bases de dados. A qualidade metodológica dos estudos incluídos foi avaliada por meio de ferramentas propostas pelo Joanna Briggs Institute. Para a metanálise, foi utilizado o Comprehensive Meta-Analysis v3. Resultados: oito estudos foram incluídos na metanálise. O resultado da diferença média padronizada da metanálise = 1,580 (Intervalo de Confiança de 95% = 1,075 - 2,085 p = 0,000). O resultado da análise de subgrupo realizada com base na diferença média padronizada do número de sessões de reflexologia podal = 1,478 (Intervalo de Confiança de 95% = 1,210 - 1,747, p = 0,000). Conclusão: a reflexologia podal pode ser utilizada para reduzir a fadiga em pacientes em hemodiálise. Não foram fornecidas informações nos estudos investigados sobre os possíveis efeitos colaterais e negativos da reflexologia podal.
Subject(s)
Humans , Renal Dialysis/adverse effects , Musculoskeletal Manipulations , Fatigue/ethnology , Fatigue/therapy , Massage/methodsABSTRACT
Most patients experience post–operative pain and it is unavoidable. It is the duty of the nurses to ensure that patients' pain is assessed and managed effectively when they are at the hospital. Foot reflex therapy is one effective way nurses can adopt to manage the patient with pain after surgery. We wanted to evaluate the effectiveness of foot reflex therapy on post-operative pain in patients who are subjected to major abdominal surgery. METHODSThis is a descriptive randomized control study that was conducted at Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Hospital, among 360 patients who underwent major abdominal surgery. They were equally divided into two groups as control and study groups and the results were analyzed statistically. RESULTSMajority of the patients in the study group showed a positive effect on pain control during 4th and 5th [ (Mean: 1.27 with SD: 1.12) (Mean: 0.03with SD: 0.32) at p < 0.001] post-operative day following foot reflex therapy. CONCLUSIONSThe existing pain and the post-operative pain can be managed by nurses, patients, their care takers or families together, whenever appropriate, in a multidisciplinary manner. Foot reflex therapy is one such alternative complementary therapy which the nurses can adopt to implement the techniques independently.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Tonsillitis/therapy , Laser Therapy/methods , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Observational StudyABSTRACT
Background: Non-specific low back pain is one of the most common physical ailments affecting millions of people worldwide. This condition constitutes a significant public health problem and was listed as a prevalent health complaint in most societies. Even though there are many anecdotal claims for reflexology in the treatment of various conditions such as a migraine, arthritis and multiple sclerosis, but very little clinical evidence exist for reflexology on the management of low back pain per se.Objectives: This study aim to evaluate the effects of foot reflexology therapy as an adjunctive treatment to the Malaysian low back pain standard care in relieving pain and promoting health-related quality of life among people with non-specific low back pain. Methods and analysis: This is parallel randomized controlled trial with pre and post-treatment study design. The study setting for the intervention located at Penawar Reflexology Center, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia. Total of 100 people with non-specific low back pain will be allocated into one of two groups, using a randomization computer program of Research Randomizer. The control group will receive low back pain standard care, while the intervention group will receive standard care plus eight sessions of foot reflexology therapy. The pain intensity and health-related quality of life scores will be measured using visual analog scale and Euro-quality of life scale respectively in both groups.Measurements: Outcome measures will be undertaken at pre-intervention (week 1), post-intervention (week 6) and follow-up (week 10).Conclusion: This will be the first trial to compare the foot reflexology therapy with control group among people who medically diagnosed with non-specific low back pain in Malaysia. The result of this study will contribute to better management of this population especially for Malaysia healthcare setting.Trial registration: The study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of University Sultan Zainal Abidin (UHREC/2016/2/011). The study protocol was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, with the ID number of NCT02887430
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PURPOSE: This study was done to clarify the effects of foot reflexology on peripheral neuropathy, symptom distress, anxiety and depression in cancer patients treated with oxaliplatin. METHODS: A quasi-experimental design was employed. Changes in the variables were evaluated to test the effects of foot reflexology. Participants were cancer patients treated with oxaliplatin (experimental group 14 and control group 17). Peripheral neuropathy, symptom distress, anxiety and depression were measured before and after reflexology. Data were collected from October, 2010 to April, 2011. chi2-test, Fisher's exact test, t-test, Wilcoxon signed rank test and the Mann-Whitney U test were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: The experimental group who received foot reflexology experienced less peripheral neuropathy and symptom distress than the control group. There was no difference in anxiety and depression between the experimental and control group. CONCLUSION: The foot reflexology program adopted in this study was found to be an effective method to reduce peripheral neuropathy and symptom distress. We recommend foot reflexology for patients with chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy.
Subject(s)
Humans , Anxiety , Depression , Drug Therapy , Foot , Massage , Peripheral Nervous System DiseasesABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of foot reflexology on fatigue, sleep and pain. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted. Electronic database and manual searches were conducted on all published studies reporting the effects of foot reflexology on fatigue, sleep, and pain. Forty four studies were eligible including 15 studies associated with fatigue, 18 with sleep, and 11 with pain. The effects of foot reflexology were analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Version 2.0. The homogeneity and the fail-safe N were calculated. Moreover, a funnel plot was used to assess publication bias. RESULTS: The effects on fatigue, sleep, and pain were not homogeneous and ranged from 0.63 to 5.29, 0.01 to 3.22, and 0.43 to 2.67, respectively. The weighted averages for fatigue, sleep, and pain were 1.43, 1.19, and 1.35, respectively. No publication bias was detected as evaluated by fail-safe N. Foot reflexology had a larger effect on fatigue and sleep and a smaller effect on pain. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis indicates that foot reflexology is a useful nursing intervention to relieve fatigue and to promote sleep. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effects of foot reflexology on outcome variables other than fatigue, sleep and pain.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Databases, Factual , Fatigue/therapy , Foot , Massage , Pain Management/nursing , Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/therapyABSTRACT
Objective: To assess the sedative effect of foot reflexology on major depressive disorder patients. Methods: Of the 31 patients recruited in total, 16 were randomly assigned as controls and 15 were in the treatment (experimental) group. Results: The mean values of Chachoengsao Sleep Questionnaire (CSQ) were obtained from both groups before and after treatment and were significantly decreased from baseline. The CSQ scores in the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group on days 3, 4 and 5 of the study. Conclusion: Foot reflexology improves the quantity and quality of sleep in major depressive disorder patients.
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PURPOSE: This study examined the effects of Self-foot reflexology(SFR) on fatigue and sleep states in clinical women nurses. METHOD: This study was a nonequivalent pretest-posttest quasi-experimental. Women nurses were assigned to an experimental group (EG, n=20) or a control group (CG, n=20). The EG participated in SFR for a total of 40 minutes, 2 times per week during 4 weeks on their Rt & Lt feet. The CG did not receive SFR during the research period. The EG & CG had never before received SFR, and they had no open wounds or fractures. Data was analyzed using the chi-square-test, and t-test by the SPSS version 12.0 program at a 5% significant level. RESULTS: The score of fatigue in the EG was significantly lower than that of the CG and the score of sleep states in the EG was also significantly higher than that of the CG. CONCLUSION: The findings show that the score of fatigue decreased and sleep states increased in the study. Therefore, we should consider SFR as an intervention on clinical nurses. However, it is still needed to verify its effects through more intensive study.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Fatigue , Foot , Massage , Wounds and InjuriesABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This study was aimed to identify the effects of a self-foot reflexology massage on depression, stress responses and functions of the immune system of middle-aged women. METHOD: This study was a one group pretest-posttest experimental design and the data was collected from August 1st, 2004 to May 31st, 2005. The subjects consisted of 46 middle-aged women (40 - 64 years) who were recruited from the Community Health Center in Busan city. Subjects were not treated for 4 weeks, subsequently they were trained in self foot reflexology massage for 2 weeks, and then they did their own daily for 6weeks (2 days at the research center, 5 days at home).The outcome variables were measured 4 times, at baseline, pre training, after training, and after the intervention. The collected data was analyzed using repeated measure ANOVA by the SPSS/WIN program. RESULT: There was a statistically significant difference in depression, perceived stress, systolic blood pressure, natural-killer cells and Ig G. However, there was not a statistically significant difference in dyastolic blood pressure, pulse or serum cortisol. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that a self-foot reflexology massage could be utilized as an effective nursing intervention to reduce depression and stress responses, and to strengthen immune systems in middle-aged women.
Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Humans , Female , Adult , Stress, Psychological/immunology , Massage , Leukocyte Count , Killer Cells, Natural , Immunoglobulin G/blood , Foot , Depression/immunologyABSTRACT
PURPOSE; This study was aimed to identify the effect of foot reflexology massage on climacteric symptom, fatigue and physiologic parameters of middle-aged women. METHOD; A non-equivalent pretest-posttest experimental design was used. Participants were recruited from the Community Health Center in Busan, Korea. Forty participants were assigned to either an experimental group(20) or a control group(20). Foot reflexology massage was administered twice a week for 6 weeks in the participant in experimental group. RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences in climacteric symptom, fatigue, total cholesterol and cortisol level. However, there were no statistically significant differences in triglyceride, high density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein. CONCLUSION; These results suggest that foot reflexology massage could be utilized as an effective nursing intervention to reduce climacteric symptom and fatigue in middle-aged women.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Cholesterol , Climacteric , Community Health Centers , Fatigue , Foot , Hydrocortisone , Korea , Lipoproteins , Massage , Nursing , Research Design , TriglyceridesABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This study was to examine the effects of foot reflexology on ADL and fatigue in stroke patients. METHOD: The subjects were 31 stroke patients hospitalized in the Oriental Medicine Hospital of D University from June to November, 2002. Foot reflexology was applied to the experimental group twice a week for 6 weeks, 40 minutes each. For the data analysis, chi2-test was conducted to verify the homogeneity of general characteristics and clinical characteristics, and t-test was done to verify the homogeneity of ADL and fatigue. To examine the relative efficacy of the intervention, ANOVA and ANCOVA were conducted. RESULTS: After foot reflexology, the subjects in the experimental group showed significant improvement in ADL. They also had less physical, psychological, and neurosensory fatigue, which are three areas of fatigue. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that foot reflexology is an effective intervention that helps the body work efficiently, eases stress and strain, and enhances the homeostasis of the body through stimulating the reflex zone of internal organs in the body. Therefore, it is necessary to develop foot reflexology as an unique nursing intervention.
Subject(s)
Humans , Activities of Daily Living , Fatigue , Foot , Homeostasis , Massage , Medicine, East Asian Traditional , Nursing , Reflex , Statistics as Topic , StrokeABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of foot reflexology massage on sleep and fatigue of elderly women. METHOD: The study was performed from April thru July of 2004 on the nonequivalent control group non-synchronized quasi-experimental design. Fifty elderly women were selected for each group. The foot reflexology massage was performed for 45 minutes every three days for experimental group. The data were analyzed using the Cronbach's alpha, Chi-Square test, t-test and Repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni. RESULT: 1. The sleep score of the experiment group is significantly higher than that of the control group(t=-5.944, p=.000). 2. For the experiment group, it is seen that the sleep score increases as the frequency of the foot reflexology massage increases(F=96.362, p=.000). 3. The fatigue score of the experiment group is significantly lower than that of the control group(t=4.356, p=.000). 4. For the experiment group, the fatigue is relieved gradually as the frequency of the foot reflexology massage increases(F= 118.444, p=.000). CONCLUSION: Based on the results described above, it is considered that the foot reflexology massage is effective for elderly women in promoting a good sleep and relieving the fatigue.
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Fatigue , Foot , MassageABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of foot reflexology on nausea, vomiting and fatigue in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. METHOD: The research was a quasi-experimental study using a non-equivalent pre-post design and was conducted from Jan. 26, to Mar. 20, 2004. The subjects consisted of 34 patients with 18 in the experimental group and 16 in control group. A pretest and 2 posttests were conducted to measure nausea, vomiting and fatigue. For the experimental group, foot reflexology, which was consisted of 4 phases for 40 minutes, was given by a researcher and 4 research assistants. The collected data were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA using the SPSS WIN 10.0 program. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant decrease in nausea, and vomiting in the experimental group compared to the control group over two different times. In addition, there was a statistically significant decrease in fatigue in the experimental group compared to the control group over two different times. CONCLUSION: Foot reflexology was effective on nausea, vomiting and fatigue in breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy in this study. Therefore, foot reflexology can be usefully utilized as a nursing intervention in the field of cancer nursing for breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.
Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Humans , Female , Adult , Vomiting/chemically induced , Nausea/chemically induced , Massage , Foot , Fatigue/chemically induced , Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effectsABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This study was done to evaluate the effects of foot reflexology on blood pressure, serum lipids, fatigue and self-efficacy in patients with hypertension. METHODS: The research was done between June 23 and July 31, 2003 and the design was an experimental treatment design. The thirty-four participants were assigned to either an experimental group (18) or a control group (16), Foot reflexology was administered twice a week for 6 weeks to participants in the experimental group. RESULTS: There was a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure and diastolic pressure in the experimental group compared to the control group. After the foot reflexology, total cholesterol and triglyceride levels for the experimental group did not decrease significantly compared to the control group. High density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein levels also did not decrease significantly after foot reflexology. Fatigue in the experimental group decreased significantly after foot reflexology. Self-efficacy in the experimental group did not decrease significantly after foot reflexology. CONCLUSION: The results show that foot reflexology is an effective nursing intervention to decrease systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and to treat fatigue but not serum lipids. Therefore, blood cholesterol should be further evaluated with a larger group of participants and for a longer period. Further research is necessary to evaluate and to compare effects of self-foot reflexology and foot reflexology.
Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Blood Pressure , Cholesterol , Fatigue , Foot , Hypertension , Lipoproteins , Massage , Nursing , TriglyceridesABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This study was to identify the effects of self-foot reflexology on urinary incontinence symptoms, vaginal contraction and daily life discomfort of middle-aged women. METHOD: A quasi-experimental design was used. The subject were 39 middle-aged women with urinary incontinence, who were composed of 18 women in the experimental group, while 21 were in the control group. In the experimental group, self-foot reflexology was applied for 30 minutes, three times a week for 4 weeks. The obtained data were analyzed by using the Mann-Whitney U test of SPSS. RESULT: 1. Frequency(U=78.00, P=.001), amount(U=65.00, p=.001) and the situation score(U=81.00, P=.002)of urinary incontinence were reduced significantly in the experimental group as compared to the control group. 2. Maximum pressure(U=33.50, p=.000), mean pressure(U=38.00 p=.000) of vaginal contraction were improved significantly in the experimental group as compared to the control group. 3. Daily life discomfort in the experimental group was reduced whereas that of the control group was increased(U=63.00, p=.000) significantly. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that self-foot reflexology is an effective method for reducing urinary incontinence symptoms and daily life discomfort and for increasing pressure of vaginal contraction of middle-aged women. Therefore self-foot reflexology can be considered as a independent nursing intervention for urinary incontinence.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Massage , Nursing , Urinary IncontinenceABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the change in foot care knowledge, self care behavior, and physiologic indexes after foot reflexomassage education program, and the related factors. METHOD: Data were collected from 20 patients who were visited out patients clinic. The change and difference were analyzed with non-parametric statistics. RESULT: There were significant differences in foot care knowledge(P=.001), self care behavior(P=.000), dosalis pedis blood flow volume (P=.011), skin temperature of foot(P=.001), dorsalis pedis pulse(P=.000), capillary filling time of foot (P=.000) between pre and post. The level of changes of foot care knowledge was significant differences according to admission experience (P=.049), and negative related to systolic blood pressure(P=.028). The level of changes of self care behavior was related to age(P=.049), that of dosalis pedis blood flow was significant difference according to smoking(P=.042), that of skin temperature of foot(P=.002) and dosalis pedis pulse(P=.038) were significant difference according to weight. The level of changes of capillary filling time of foot was related to diagnosis period(P=.014). CONCLUSION: Foot- Reflexo-Massage education program is an effective nursing intervention to promote foot care in diabetic patients. And the related factors can be recommended for the management of diabetic patients.
Subject(s)
Humans , Capillaries , Diagnosis , Education , Foot , Nursing , Outpatients , Self Care , Skin TemperatureABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to probe the effect of foot reflexology education program on nursing students with constipation, anxiety and depression. This study was a quasi-experimental study of pre-test and posttest design on non-equivalent control group. METHOD: The data of this study were collected from October 28, to December 14, 2002. The subjects consisted of 61 nursing students (experimental group: 31, control group: 30) with constipation, anxiety and depression. 31 out of them were devided into the experimental group and received foot reflexology education program that was authorized by the World Foot Reflexology Association and made to suit for the subjects by the author for 6weeks composed of 2 weeks theory and of 4 weeks practical skill on the program. The effect of the program was measured by Bowel Function Assessment Form for constipation, State Anxiety Inventory, and Beck Depression Inventory. Data were analyzed by t-test, X(2)-test, Repeated measures ANOVA, Bonferroni multiple comparison using SAS/PC 8.12 program. RESULT: After all session of treatment, the score of bowel function assessment were significantly decreased in the experimental group compared to the control group. Outcomes of 6 and 7 weeks were significantly different from those of pre-experiment. After all session of treatment, anxiety states were significantly decreased in the experimental group compared to the control group. Outcomes of 7 weeks were significantly different from those of pre- experiment. After all session of treatment, depression states were significantly decreased in the experimental group compared to the control group. Outcomes of 6 and 7 weeks were significantly different from those of pre- experiment. CONCLUSION: The results are suggested that the foot reflexology education program might improve the bowel function, anxiety and depression for the nursing students with constipation, anxiety and depression.
Subject(s)
Humans , Anxiety , Constipation , Depression , Education , Foot , Massage , Nursing , Students, NursingABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This study was done to investigate the effect of foot reflexology on vital signs, general fatigue, mood and foot fatigue in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. METHOD: Data were collected from a convenience sample of 11 patients who were admitted at S and E University Hospital. Changes in systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure(DBP), pulse rate(PR), general fatigue, mood status, and foot fatigue between pre and post foot reflexology were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed rank test and Friedman test at 0.05 level of significance. RESULTS: There were significant differences in the SBP(p=.009), DBP(p=.014), PR(p=.015), general fatigue (p=.015), mood status(p=.007), and foot fatigue(p=.007) between pre and post foot reflexology. CONCLUSION: Foot reflexology can improve vital signs, general/foot fatigue, and mood status, therefore we recommend to use foot reflexology as an effective nursing intervention in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy,
Subject(s)
Humans , Blood Pressure , Drug Therapy , Fatigue , Foot , Massage , Nursing , Vital SignsABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of foot reflexology on premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea in female college students. The research design of this study was a quasi-experimental design. Of the forty female college students, twenty were assigned to the experimental group and, twenty to the control group. The data were obtained over 2 months(November 26, 2001 to January 31, 2002) from a nursing of C college located in S city. The instrument used to assess premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea was Keele?s VAS(Visual Analogue Scale) and opening records. Subjects in the experimental group received foot reflexology for 6 times with 1 hours during 60 days, and subjects assigned to the control group did not receive foot reflexology. Data were analysed with percentage, mean, standard deviation, X(2)-test, unpaired t-test, and repeated measure ANOVA, using SAS Program. The results of the study are as follow, 1.The symptoms which the group of experimental and the group of control discomforts the most are sensitiveness(35%), abdominal pain (30%),lower abdominal pain (30%) and lumbago (20%). The method of relieve premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea by which the subjects employ the most to solve their premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea is the getting along by enduring(67.5%) and bed rest (32.5%). 2.The mean score of the premenstrual syndromes and dysmenorrhea before foot reflexology was 8.35, it was 4.16 at the first menstruation after foot reflexology and 3.25 at the second menstruation for the experimental group. 3.The relieved symptoms after foot reflexology was fatigue(50%), insomnia(40%), abdominal pain(35%), lower abdominal pain (30%) and constipation(30%). Foot reflexology was effective in improve the symptoms of the female college students who have the premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea.