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1.
Movimento (Porto Alegre) ; 29: e29031, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1521250

ABSTRACT

Abstract The nationality conversion of athletes is no longer a novelty in international sports, however, the case of footballers' naturalization in China has received little academic attention. The introduction of overseas talents was endorsed by national policy, with the purpose of strengthening the Chinese national team aiming to reach the World Cup. This article examines some legal concepts in Chinese footballers' naturalization and discusses this phenomenon from a sociological perspective. The purpose is to employ the football athletes' nationality swapping as a case to discuss the status quo of this sport in China, and meanwhile, to discuss nationalism and social identity under the interaction of sports and society.


Resumo A conversão da nacionalidade de atletas não é mais uma novidade no esporte internacional; no entanto, o caso da naturalização de jogadores de futebol na China tem recebido pouca atenção acadêmica. A introdução de talentos estrangeiros foi endossada pela política nacional para fortalecer a seleção chinesa e permitir sua participação na Copa do Mundo. Este artigo examina alguns conceitos jurídicos no contexto da naturalização de futebolistas chineses e discute esse fenômeno a partir de perspectivas sociológicas. O objetivo é utilizar a troca de nacionalidade dos atletas de futebol como um estudo de caso para debater o status quo desse esporte na China e, ao mesmo tempo, discutir o nacionalismo e a identidade social no contexto da interação entre esporte e sociedade.


Resumen La conversión de nacionalidad de los deportistas ya no es una novedad en los deportes internacionales, sin embargo, el caso de la naturalización de los futbolistas en China ha recibido poca atención académica. La introducción de talentos extranjeros fue respaldada por la política nacional, con el propósito de mejorar la selección nacional china y participar en la Copa del Mundo. Este artículo examina algunos conceptos legales en el contexto de la naturalización de los futbolistas chinos y analiza este fenómeno desde perspectivas sociológicas. El propósito es utilizar el intercambio de nacionalidad de los atletas de fútbol como un caso para discutir el estado actual de este deporte en China y, al mismo tiempo, analizar el nacionalismo y la identidad social bajo la interacción del deporte y la sociedad.

2.
Podium (Pinar Río) ; 16(2): 467-477, 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1287567

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN La suspensión de los entrenamientos deportivos por causa de la emergencia sanitaria, ocasionada por la COVID 19, ha provocado que se busquen alternativas para contrarrestar los entrenamientos en este contexto. El objetivo de esta investigación consistió en presentar una propuesta de contextualización de ejercicios en casa para mejorar los tiros a portería, en deportistas adolescentes con lineamientos lúdicos. La metodología utilizada fue la fenomenológica-hermenéutica, con lo cual se quiere describir e interpretar la experiencia de diez entrenadores de fútbol de divisiones menores, de diferentes equipos de las ligas barriales en la ciudad de Quito. Para esto, se aplicó la técnica de la entrevista a través del instrumento banco de preguntas, las cuales respondían a dos dimensiones: la primera, al sistema de ejercicios específicos para el tipo a la portería y la segunda, el enfoque lúdico en la realización de ejercicios. Los resultados de las entrevistas se analizaron y sintetizaron en dos componentes: el primero fue el enfoque lúdico en la realización de ejercicios, donde se destaca el diseño de actividades lúdicas y el segundo componente fue el sistema de ejercicios específicos para el tipo a la portería. Se pudo obtener una propuesta contextualizada a las circunstancias vividas por los deportistas adolescentes y sus dificultades en los entrenamientos deportivos, sugiriendo la inclusión del enfoque lúdico, la utilización, adaptación y creación de implementos deportivos y su aplicabilidad en diferentes espacios, todo ello con la práctica de contenidos técnicos específicos para la mejora del tiro a portería, en el contexto de la pandemia.


RESUMO A suspensão do treinamento esportivo devido à emergência sanitária, causada pela COVID 19, provocou a busca de alternativas para contrariar o treinamento neste contexto. O objetivo desta pesquisa consistiu em apresentar uma proposta de contextualização dos exercícios em casa para melhorar os tiros a portaria, em atletas adolescentes com orientações lúdicas. A metodologia utilizada foi a fenomenológico-hermenêutica, com a qual queremos descrever e interpretar a experiência de dez treinadores de futebol de divisões menores, de diferentes equipes das ligas de bairro da cidade de Quito. Para isso, a técnica da entrevista foi aplicada através do banco de instrumentos de perguntas, que respondeu a duas dimensões: a primeira, ao sistema de exercícios específicos para o tipo ao objetivo e a segunda, a abordagem lúdica na realização de exercícios. Os resultados das entrevistas foram analisados e sintetizados em dois componentes: o primeiro foi a abordagem lúdica na realização de exercícios, onde se destaca o desenho das atividades lúdicas e o segundo componente foi o sistema de exercícios específicos para o tipo de objetivo. Foi possível obter uma proposta contextualizada às circunstâncias vividas pelos atletas adolescentes e suas dificuldades no treinamento esportivo, sugerindo a inclusão da abordagem lúdica, o uso, adaptação e criação de implementos esportivos e sua aplicabilidade em diferentes espaços, tudo com a prática de conteúdos técnicos específicos para a melhoria do chute a gol, no contexto da pandemia.


ABSTRACT The suspension of sports training due to the health emergency caused by COVID 19 has led to the search for alternatives to counteract training in this context. The objective of this research consisted of presenting a proposal for the contextualization of exercises at home to improve shots on goal, in adolescent athletes with ludic guidelines. The methodology used was the phenomenological-hermeneutic, with which we want to describe and interpret the experience of ten soccer coaches of minor divisions, from different teams of the neighborhood leagues in the city of Quito. For this, the interview technique was applied through the question bank instrument, which responded to two dimensions: the first, the system of specific exercises for the type of goalkeeping and the second, the playful approach in the realization of exercises. The results of the interviews were analyzed and synthesized into two components: the first was the ludic approach in the realization of exercises, where the design of ludic activities stands out, and the second component was the system of specific exercises for the goal type. It was possible to obtain a contextualized proposal to the circumstances experienced by adolescent athletes and their difficulties in sports training, suggesting the inclusion of the ludic approach, the use, adaptation and creation of sports implements and their applicability in different spaces, all this with the practice of specific technical contents for the improvement of the shot to goal, in the context of the pandemic.

3.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-206216

ABSTRACT

Background: Football is the most popular sport worldwide. Although participation in football leads to significant physical benefits, high velocity trauma and direct contact between the players have made football a kind of sport, connecting both the consequences of chronic overuse and acute injuries. There is a growing interest witnessed in football amongst younger age groups participating at a competitive level. However, increased participation predisposes the immature skeleton to injuries. The prevention of injury is important to minimize problems in the adolescent age group. Thus the purpose of our study is to evaluate lower extremity domains affected in male adolescent football players. Methodology: The study subjects included were from club, district and state level football associations in the age group of 12 to 18 years. Demographic data and Lower Extremity Functional Scale was recorded. Results: The players showed affection of these activities: difficulty while running on uneven ground, in making sharp turns while running and hopping. Conclusion: The study concluded that there was mild impairment affecting the lower extremity function in football players.

4.
Rev. bras. ciênc. mov ; 27(3): 13-24, jul.-set. 2019. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1015156

ABSTRACT

O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar e comparar as características antropométricas e motoras de atletas pertencentes as categorias Sub17, Sub19 e Profissional. Todos os dados foram coletados anteriormente ao início da temporada competitiva. A amostra deste estudo foi composta por 48 futebolistas masculinos divididos em três grupos: Sub17 (n=16), Sub19 (n=16) e Profissional (n=16). Para avaliar as características antropométricas foram realizadas avaliações de estatura e de composição corporal por meio de Pletismografia por deslocamento de ar. Já para determinação das características motoras foram realizados os testes de resistência aeróbia (Yo-Yo IR1); Counter movement jump (CMJ); Squat jump (SJ); performance de sprint 5m e 30m e potência anaeróbia (RAST teste) para determinação das potências máxima, média e mínima. Para determinar as diferenças entre as categorias no que se refere as características antropométricas e motoras uma ANOVA one way complementando-se com o teste posthoc de Bonferroni foi utilizado, levando-se em consideração um nível de significância de p>0,016. Atletas profissionais apresentaram maiores valores de peso corporal e massa magra absoluta se comparadas as categorias Sub17 e Sub19, não sendo identificadas diferenças para massa gorda absoluta e relativa e massa magra relativa. Não foram identificadas diferenças antropométricas entre os atletas das categorias Sub17 e Sub19. Atletas profissionais apresentaram valores de CMJ, SJ, sprint de 30m e potência máxima, média e mínima maiores do que atletas Sub17 e Sub19, não apresentando diferença em relação ao Yo-Yo IR1 e sprint de 5m. Atletas Sub19 apresentaram maiores valores de Yo-Yo IR1 se comparados ao Sub17 e Profissionais e maiores valores de CMJ, sprint de 30m e potência média e mínima se comparado aos atletas Sub17. Atletas de diferentes categorias apresentam características antropométricas e motoras distintas, enfatizando a importância em acompanhar o desenvolvimento destas características de acordo com a idade....(AU)


The aim of the present study was to analyze and compare the anthropometric and motor characteristics of under 17, under 19 and Professional athletes. All data were collected prior to the beginning of the competitive season. The sample of this study was composed of 48 male soccer players divided into three groups: Under 17 (n=16), Under 19 (n=16) and Professional (n=16). To evaluate anthropometric characteristics, height and body composition were performed by means of air displacement pletismography. For determination of the motor characteristics the aerobic resistance test (Yo-Yo IR1), Counter movement jump (CMJ), Squat jump (SJ), performance of 5m and 30 m sprint and anaerobic power (RAST test) to determine the maximum, mean and minimum power were performed. To determine the differences between the categories regarding anthropometric and motor characteristics, a one-way ANOVA complemented with Bonferroni post-hoc test was used, with a level of significance of p>0,016. Professional athletes shown higher values of body weight and absolute lean mass compared to Under 17 and Under 19 categories, with no difference for absolute and relative fat mass and relative lean mass. No anthropometric differences were identified among athletes in the Under 17 and Under 19 categories. Professional athletes presented values of CMJ, SJ, sprint of 30m and maximal, mean, and minimum power higher than Under 17 and Under 19 athletes, with no difference in relation to Yo-Yo IR1 and sprint of 5m. Under 19 athletes presented higher values of Yo-Yo IR1 compared to Under 17 and Professionals, and higher values of CMJ, sprint of 30 m, mean and, minimum power compared to Under 17 athletes. Athletes of different categories present distinct anthropometric and motor characteristics, emphasizing the importance of accompanying the development of these characteristics according to playing age....(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Physical Education and Training , Soccer , Anthropometry , Athletic Performance
5.
Int. j. morphol ; 36(1): 41-47, Mar. 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-893184

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: The height, weight, diameters, volumes and skin folds were measured on a sample of 242 young soccer players from the Republic of Kosovo and therefore, the body composition, somatotype components, BMI index and maximum oxygen consumption. These were indirectly measured in order to determine their common morphological and functional features and analyze specificity i.e., the likely differences based on the playing positions (goalkeepers, defense, middle players and attackers). Within the statistical analysis, the basic descriptive statistical parameters were calculated, and a multivariate and univariate analysis of variance and post-hoc analysis were applied. Goalkeepers have statistically significantly higher body height and humeral breadth, and lower values of maximum oxygen consumption, in comparison to players who play the other positions on the team and higher body weight regarding the players who play in the middle and the attackers. Defense players have statistically significant higher body weight than the middle players. In the other anthropometric measures and somatotype components, there are no statistically significant differences among the players who play on different positions in the team. The achieved results could serve as normative morphological and functional indicators for regular sports medical examinations of young soccer players in the Republic of Kosovo. They could also be used as a template for comparison of the morphological and functional data of young soccer players at similar level in different countries.


RESUMEN: En el estudio se midieron la altura, peso, diámetros, volumen y pliegues cutáneos en una muestra de 242 jóvenes futbolistas de la República de Kosovo y se midieron indirectamente la composición corporal, los componentes del somatotipo, el índice de IMC y el consumo máximo de oxígeno para determinar sus características morfológicas y funcionales y para analizar la especificidad, es decir, las diferencias probables basadas en las posiciones de juego (porteros, defensa, jugadores medios y atacantes). Dentro del análisis estadístico, se calcularon los parámetros estadísticos descriptivos básicos, y se aplicaron análisis de varianza multivariante y univariado y el análisis post hoc. Los porteros estadísticamente tienen una altura mayor del cuerpo y de amplitud humeral, y valores más bajos de consumo máximo de oxígeno en comparación con los jugadores que juegan en las otras posiciones en el equipo y tienen un mayor peso corporal con respecto a los jugadores que juegan en el medio y los atacantes. Los jugadores de defensa tienen un peso corporal estadísticamente mayor que los jugadores del medio campo. En las otras medidas antropométricas y componentes del somatotipo, no existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los jugadores que juegan en diferentes posiciones en el equipo. Los resultados logrados podrían servir como indicadores normativos morfológicos y funcionales para los exámenes médicos deportivos de los jugadores de fútbol en la República de Kosovo. También podrían usarse como una plantilla para comparar los datos morfológicos y funcionales de jugadores jóvenes de fútbol de niveles similares en diferentes países.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Young Adult , Anthropometry , Physical Fitness , Soccer , Somatotypes , Analysis of Variance , Body Composition , Kosovo
6.
Int. j. morphol ; 28(2): 415-420, June 2010. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-577131

ABSTRACT

Human body growth means structural changes of human body, whereas development means its functional changes. The purpose of this study was to study the influence of different sports in bodily growth of the young athletes. In order to analyze the influence of different sports profiles on human physical growth, in this study, 3011 footballers and 393 basketball players were tested. Two groups of athletes, according to their ages have been separated in four groups (ages 13,14,15 and 16 years old). The evaluation of bodily growth of young athletes has been tested based on changes of nine morphometrical variables. The data obtained were analyzed in terms of basic statistical parameters, whilst the differences between independent groups were analyzed by T-test and Discriminant Canonical Analysis. Statistically significant differences that have been proved, between sportsmen's measured groups, lead us to conclude that in this phase of the sportsmen's life, when their organism is in the intensive changeable puberty phase, the external factors, such as basketball elements (jumping and running), have more influence on morphometrical growth factors of young basketball players, compared with the influence of football elements on young footballers (mainly running elements). Even though, longitudinal dimension is controlled about 98 percent by genotype, whereas transversal dimensions account for about 93 percent, it is interesting that in our study longitudinal dimension has been most influenced by basketball elements, compared with transversal dimension. As a conclusion of this study, a fact could be, that even though human bodily growth is controlled over 90 percent by genetic factor, if external factors such as external acts occur during the sensitive and intensive phase of bodily growth, their effect may be very important.


El crecimiento del cuerpo humano se entiende como cambios estructurales del cuerpo, mientras que su desarrollo significa cambios funcionales. El propósito de este trabajo fue estudiar la influencia de los diferentes deportes en el crecimiento corporal de los atletas jóvenes. Con el fin de analizar la influencia del perfil de los diferentes deportes en el crecimiento físico humano, se analizaron 3011 jugadores de fútbol y 393 jugadores de baloncesto. Dos grupos de deportistas, de acuerdo a su edad fueron separados en cuatro grupos (13, 14, 15 y 16 años de edad). La evaluación del crecimiento físico de los deportistas jóvenes se ha probado en base a los cambios de nueve variables morfométricas. Los datos obtenidos fueron analizados en términos de parámetros estadísticos básicos, mientras que las diferencias entre los grupos independientes se analizaron mediante T-test y análisis discriminante canónico. Las diferencias estadísticamente significativas, que fueron probadas entre las medidas de los grupos de deportistas nos hacen concluir que en esta fase de la vida de los deportistas, cuando su organismo está en una fase intensa de pubertad cambiante, los factores externos, como elementos de baloncesto (saltar y correr), tienen más influencia en los factores de crecimiento morfométricos de los jóvenes jugadores de baloncesto en comparación con la influencia de elementos de fútbol en jóvenes futbolistas (principalmente correr). A pesar de que, la dimensión longitudinal es cerca del 98 por ciento controlada por el genotipo, mientras que la dimensión transversal es de alrededor del 93 por ciento. Es interesante que en nuestro estudio la dimensión longitudinal ha sido muy influenciada por elementos de baloncesto, en comparación con la dimensión transversal. Como conclusión, podría ser un hecho que aunque el crecimiento del cuerpo humano está por encima del 90 por ciento controlado por el factor genético, factores como actos externos en la fase sensible e intensiva de ...


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Anthropometry , Basketball/physiology , Growth and Development/physiology , Soccer/physiology , Age Factors , Body Height , Body Weight , Discriminant Analysis
7.
Rev. cienc. salud (Bogotá) ; 6(2): 74-84, ago. 2008. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-635933

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. El objetivo de este estudio es definir el perfil antropométrico y las cualidades físicas básicas, en 306 niños en edades de 7-16 años. Método. Se realizaron mediciones antropométricas de peso (Kg) y talla (m), IMC (PC (kg)/ talla (m 2 ), porcentaje de grasa corporal, además de los test de Course Navatte, salto horizontal sin impulso, Sit and Reach a cada uno de los sujetos. Resultados. Los resultados se analizaron desde el punto de vista estadístico con medidas de tendencia central, se utilizó la media y la desviación estándar típica como cálculo de variabilidad, con un p<0,05 como diferencia significativa. Se identificaron las variables antropométricas y de las cualidades físicas, y se encontraron diferencias en la población en cuanto al porcentaje de grasa corporal, la potencia aeróbica, la flexibilidad y la fuerza explosiva en miembros inferiores. Conclusión. Se muestran diferencias en los valores encontrados, lo cual puede estar influenciado por factores nutricionales, socioeconómicos y por el tipo de entrenamiento utilizado.


Objective. The objective of this study is to define the profile anthropometric and of basic physical qualities, in 306 children in 7-16 year-old ages. Method. Is carried out anthropometric mensurations of weight (kg) and it height (m), IMC (weight (kg)/it height (m 2 ), percentage of corporal fat, besides the test of Course Navatte, horizontal jump without impulse, Sit and Reach to each one of the fellows. Results. The results were analyzed from the statistical point of view with measures of central tendency, you uses the stocking, the typical standard deviation as I calculate of variability, with a p <0,05 like significant difference. You identifies the variable anthropometric and of physical qualities finding differences in the population as for the percentage of corporal fat, the power aerobic, the flexibility and the explosive force in inferior members. Conclusions. Differences are shown in the opposing values and this can be influenced, for nutritional, socioeconomic factors and for the type of used training.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Anthropometry , Weights and Measures , Body Composition , Cross-Sectional Studies , Diagnosis , Motor Skills
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