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1.
Rev. cuba. inform. méd ; 15(2)dic. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1536291

ABSTRACT

En las últimas décadas, las imágenes fotoacústicas han demostrado su eficacia en el apoyo al diagnóstico de algunas enfermedades, así como en la investigación médica, ya que a través de ellas es posible obtener información del cuerpo humano con características específicas y profundidad de penetración, desde 1 cm hasta 6 cm dependiendo en gran medida del tejido estudiado, además de una buena resolución. Las imágenes fotoacústicas son comparativamente jóvenes y emergentes y prometen mediciones en tiempo real, con procedimientos no invasivos y libres de radiación. Por otro lado, aplicar Deep Learning a imágenes fotoacústicas permite gestionar datos y transformarlos en información útil que genere conocimiento. Estas aplicaciones poseen ventajas únicas que facilitan la aplicación clínica. Se considera que con estas técnicas se pueden proporcionar diagnósticos médicos confiables. Es por eso que el objetivo de este artículo es proporcionar un panorama general de los casos donde se combina el Deep Learning con técnicas fotoacústicas.


In recent decades, photoacoustic imaging has proven its effectiveness in supporting the diagnosis of some diseases as well as in medical research, since through them it is possible to obtain information of the human body with specific characteristics and depth of penetration, from 1 cm to 6 cm depending largely on the tissue studied, in addition to a good resolution. Photoacoustic imaging is comparatively young and emerging and promises real-time measurements, with non-invasive and radiation-free procedures. On the other hand, applying Deep Learning to photoacoustic images allows managing data and transforming them into useful information that generates knowledge. These applications have unique advantages that facilitate clinical application. It may be possible with these techniques to provide reliable medical diagnoses. That is why the aim of this article is to provide an overview of cases combining Deep Learning with photoacoustic techniques.

2.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1408536

ABSTRACT

La Imagen Fotoacústica (PAI por sus siglas en inglés), es una modalidad de imagen híbrida que fusiona la iluminación óptica y la detección por ultrasonido. Debido a que los métodos de imágenes ópticas puras no pueden mantener una alta resolución, la capacidad de lograr imágenes de contraste óptico de alta resolución en tejidos biológicos hace que la fotoacústica (PA por sus siglas en inglés) sea una técnica prometedora para varias aplicaciones de imágenes clínicas. En la actualidad el Aprendizaje Profundo (Deep Learning) tiene el enfoque más reciente en métodos basados en la PAI, donde existe una gran cantidad de aplicaciones en análisis de imágenes, en especial en el área del campo biomédico, como lo es la adquisición, segmentación y reconstrucciones de imágenes de tomografía computarizada. Esta revisión describe las últimas investigaciones en PAI y un análisis sobre las técnicas y métodos basados en Deep Learning, aplicado en diferentes modalidades para el diagnóstico de cáncer de seno(AU)


Photoacoustic Imaging (PAI) is a hybrid imaging modality that combines optical illumination and ultrasound detection. Because pure optical imaging methods cannot maintain high resolution, the ability to achieve high resolution optical contrast images in biological tissues makes Photoacoustic (PA) a promising technique for various clinical imaging applications. At present, Deep Learning has the most recent approach of methods based on PAI where there are a large number of applications in image analysis especially in the area of ​​the biomedical field, such as acquisition, segmentation and reconstructions of computed tomography imaging. This review describes the latest research in PAI and an analysis of the techniques and methods based on Deep Learning applied in different modalities for the diagnosis of breast cancer(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods , Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Photoacoustic Techniques/methods , Deep Learning , Mexico
3.
Rev. mex. ing. bioméd ; 38(1): 324-329, ene.-abr. 2017. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-902351

ABSTRACT

Resumen: La falla en la regeneración de las neuronas del sistema nervioso central (SNC) en vertebrados superiores es un problema que no se ha resuelto completamente, esto limita la rehabilitación de muchas conductas motoras después de una lesión en la médula espinal. En la regeneración neuronal intervienen múltiples factores y de estos, los que inducen el crecimiento neurítico se han estudiado para intentar favorecer la extensión y la reconexión de las neuronas lesionadas con sus blancos. La regeneración del SNC de sanguijuelas se ha estudiado intensamente porque permite abordar el problema a diferentes niveles con distintas técnicas, en este trabajo se obtuvo el espectro de absorción óptico, con espectroscopía fotoacústica (EFA), del SNC y de tejido de la sanguijuela Haementeria officinalis, con el objetivo de conocer las longitudes de onda óptimas para la irradiación posterior de células del SNC y de tejido H. officinalis. Los resultados de este estudio muestran que el SNC de estos organismos absorbe en la region comprendida de 300 nm a 500 nm, y las muestras de tejido tienen un máximo de absorción óptico proximo a 300 nm, además se observaron diferencias evidentes entre los espectros de absorción ópticos del SNC con lesión y el control (sin lesión).


Abstract: The failure in the neuron regeneration in the central nervous system (CNS) in higher vertebrates, is a not completely solved problem, this limits the rehabilitation of many motor conducts after an injury in the spinal cord. In neuronal regeneration multiple factors are involved, between them those that induce the neurite outgrowth which has been studied to try to encourage the extension and reconnection of the injury neurons with their blanks. The regeneration of the CNS of leeches has been intensely studied because allows to approach the problem at different levels with different techniques. In this study the optical absorption spectrum of the CNS and the tissue of the leech H. officinalis was obtained, by using photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS), in order to investigate the optimal wavelenghts for later irradiation of CNS cells and tissue of H. officinalis. The results of this study show that the CNS of these organisms absorbs in the region of 300 nm to 500 nm, and the tissue samples has a maximun of optical absorption near to 300 nm, besides were observed evident differences between the optical absorption spectra of CNS with injury and the control (without injury).

4.
Rev. mex. ing. bioméd ; 38(1): 357-362, ene.-abr. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-902354

ABSTRACT

Resumen: La Espectroscopia Fotoacústica (EFA), ha destacado de entre las técnicas fototérmicas por su versatilidad para la caracterización de diversos tipos de muestras, incluyendo las de tipo biológicas. En este estudio, se compararon y analizaron mediante EFA, las diferencias entre los espectros de absorción ópticos de sangre de ratas macho Fisher en tres casos, control (ratas sanas), con daño hepático, y con daño hepático tratadas con Curcuma longa. Los resultados experimentales demostraron diferencias en los espectros de absorción ópticos de cada caso analizado, por lo que EFA se propondría como una técnica complementaria, no convencional para el estudio del efecto de la Curcuma longa en daño hepático inducido en modelo animal.


Abstract: Photoacoustic Spectroscopy (PAS) stand outs among Photothermal techniques due to its versatility for the characterization of different types of materials, including biological samples. In this study, were compared and analyzed by PAS, the differences between the optical absorption spectra of blood of male Fisher rats, in three cases, control (healthy rats), liver damage and liver damage treated with Curcuma longa. The experimental results show differences in the optical absorption spectra of each analysed case, therefore PAS would be proposed as a non conventional complementary technique, to study the effect of Curcuma longa in induced liver damage for an animal model.

5.
Rev. bras. eng. biomed ; 28(3): 288-293, jul.-set. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-659032

ABSTRACT

The aim of the present work was to classify and identify skin phototypes through in vivo photoacoustic (PA) measurements. Fifty-seven female volunteers took part in the study, being clinically evaluated and classified according to skin phototype (Fitzpatrick classification). After cleaning the skin area to be measured, the PA signal level was obtained for the inner and outer faces of both forearms. Volunteers were then classified according to the respective PA signal amplitude; subsequently, this classification was compared to the phototype classification and to the recently proposed Baumann classification. Comparison between the PA signal of the inner and outer faces of the forearm shows a highly significant statistical difference (p < 0.005), attributed to the higher pigmentation level of the skin region continuously exposed to solar radiation, demonstrating that skin constitution and aspect are influenced by the level of sun exposure. Comparison among phototypes was performed separately for the inner and outer faces of the forearm. The results show that the PA signal level (amplitude) for the inner forearm tends to scale with skin phototype, also allowing the division of the volunteers in two groups, according to their pigmentation levels and also following the recent Baumann classification. In this way, the photoacoustic methodology presented allows an objective, numerical classification of the skin types.


O objetivo do presente trabalho foi de identificar e classificar os fototipos de pele através de mensurações fotoacústicas (PA) utilizada para caracterizar a pele em função da amplitude do sinal observado in vivo. Participaram do estudo cinquenta e sete mulheres voluntárias que incialmente foram avaliadas e classificadas de acordo com o fototipo da pele (classificação de Fritzpatrick). Foram realizadas medidas nas regiões interna e externa de ambos os antebraços, após a limpeza do mesmo com álcool 70%. As voluntárias foram classificadas de acordo com o sinal fotoacústico, em seguida comparados com a classificação proposta recentemente por Baumann. A comparação entre o sinal PA das faces interna e externa do antebraço mostra uma diferença altamente significativa (p < 0,005), atribuída ao maior nível de pigmentação da pele da região continuamente expostos à radiação solar, demonstrando que a constituição do aspecto da pele é influenciada pelo nível de exposição ao sol. A comparação entre os fototipos foi realizada separadamente para as faces interna e externa do antebraço. Os resultados mostram que o nível (amplitude) do sinal PA para a parte interna do antebraço tende a seguir a classificação em fototipos, permitindo também a divisão de voluntários em dois grupos, conforme o nível de pigmentação, seguindo assim a classificação recentemente proposta por Baumann. Assim, a metodologia fotoacústica apresentada permite uma classificação objetiva, numérica, dos tipos de pele.

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