Study of pathogen of oral candidias / Шинэ санаа Шинэ нээлт

Background@#Oral candidiasis, which is one of the most common diseases of the mucous membrane, is carried in the mouth of about 17-75% of healthy population. And 51-74% of this healthy population is asymptomatic. However, oral candidiasis is found in 50-65% of the individuals with dentures, is found in 67% of elders over 75 years old and is found in 85% of the patients with oral cancer. The most common causative organism is C.albicans with 43.7%, less commonly C.glabrata and C.tropicalis. According to some researches, the occurrence of the oral candidiasis has been increasing continuously for last 20-30 years, and has strong tendency to consistently increase for the 21st century. @*Methods@#Total 50 patients were participated in this study, including; the patients with full denture from Department of Prosthodontics of The Dental Center of Ulaanbaatar, and patients with evident symptoms of candidiasis from Department of Neck and Head Surgery and Department of Radiation Therapy of National Cancer Center of Mongolia. The study was carried out by descriptive study type, based on the patients’ questionnaire survey, physical examination and laboratory tests.@*Results@#The oral candidiasis causing pathogen Candida was found in 100% of following patients including; the patients with full denture and the patients having head and neck radiation therapy. For the patients with full denture, Candida albicans was the most commonly implicated organism with 53%, Candida tropicalis 21% and Candida krusei 11%. For the patients with radiation therapy for head and neck cancer, most common pathogen was Candida albicans with 64% and Candida tropicalis with 7%.@*Conclusions@#Main causative pathogens for the patients with full denture are C.albicans (53%), С.tropicalis (21%), and for the patients with radiotherapy for head and neck cancer is C. albicans (64%). 95% of the participants who were diagnosed with oral candidiasis were resistant to Colistin and 100% sensitive to Nystatin and Miconazole.

Three-dimensional finite element analysis of mini implants supported mandibular overdentures / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Overdenture supported by two to four implants located in the mandibular mental foramen area has been widely used in edentulous patients. However, in patients with severe mandibular resorption, it is a challenging to insert conventional implants. Mini-implants are a better choice in these cases. OBJECTIVE: To compare and analyze the biomechanical characteristics of conventional and mini-implants supported mandibular complete overdenture and to reveal the influence of different implant repair methods on implants and its surrounding tissues. METHODS: The cone beam CT data of a healthy patient scheduled to receive complete edentulous implant supported overdenture was obtained. CT data of the patient, implant and attachment data were imported into the software to create four models: 2 normal implants, 4 normal implants, 4 mini implants, and 5 mini implants supported mandibular overdentures respectively. The overdenture was bilaterally subjected to a vertical load of 150 N. The displacement and stress of implants and the stress of bone were compared. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: For all models, the lowest and highest maximum values of stress in bone were obtained from 4 normal implant model (2.71 MPa) and 4 mini implant model (7.93 MPa). The lowest and highest maximum values of displacement in implant were obtained from 4 normal implant model (1.37 µm) and 2 normal implant model (1.57 µm). Moreover, the lowest and highest maximum values of stress in implant were demonstrated from 4 normal implant model (12.90 MPa) and 4 mini implant model (22.17 MPa). The biomechanical values of mini implant models were higher than those of conventional models. The biomechanical values of all models were below the critical limits. The distribution was more homogenous and the maximum values of displacement in the implant, stress in implant and stress in bone were reduced as the number of implants increased. Three-dimensional finite element analysis revealed that mandibular overdenture supported by four or five mini implants is a reliable treatment option.

Análise dos prontuários odontológicos do serviço de prótese total nos anos de 2016 e 2017 em uma cidade de médio porte da bahia / Analysis of dental records of the total denture service in the years 2016 and 2017 in a mediumsized city in bahia

Introdução: o prontuário odontológico é a documentação obtida durante o tratamento, oferece dados sobre anamnese e condições pré-existentes do paciente, bem como planejamento e trabalhos executados. Objetivo: coletar informações, através da análise de prontuários, do perfil dos pacientes e serviços de prótese dentária de um centro de especialidades odontológicas em uma cidade do interior da Bahia entre os anos de 2016 e 2017. Metodologia: este estudo se refere a uma observação retrospectiva de corte transversal, descritiva e analítica, com a finalidade de realizar uma análise dos prontuários de pacientes atendidos em um Centro de Especialidades Odontológicas na Bahia. Resultados: os resultados mostraram uma maior frequência de sexo feminino, faixa etária de 61 a 65 anos, com patologias sistêmicas. Foi mais frequente o edentulismo total superior e inferior, e o tempo médio para conclusão da reabilitação foi de 6 meses. Conclusão: a análise dos prontuários odontológicos é a maneira mais eficiente de se obter todas as informações dos usuários e da qualidade dos serviços prestados. Um prontuário bem preenchido oferece ao profissional as especificidades de cada paciente, garantindo um excelente trabalho clínico individualizado.

Introduction: the odontological records are the documents kept during the treatment. It offers data about both the patient's anamnesis and theirs pre-existing conditions, as well as the planning and all the work already done. Objective: identify, by way of analysis of the records, all information obtained about the patient's profiles and the work offered in dental prosthetics in a center dedicated to odontological specialties in a city in the countryside of Bahia State both in 2016 and 2017. Methodology: this study refers to a retrospective observation of cross-sectional cuts, descriptive and analytic, with the purpose of making a full analysis of the patients' records of the patients treated at the Centro de Especialidades Odontológicas na Bahia (Center of Odontological Specialities at Bahia). Results: the results showed a higher frequency of female, age from 61 to 65 years, with systemic pathologies. The upper and lower total edentulism was more frequent, and the mean time to complete rehabilitation was 6 months. Conclusion: the analysis of the odontological records is the most efficient way of obtaining all the needed information of the users and the quality of the services provided. A file well-filled offers to the professional every detail of each patient, ensures an excellent and tailored clinical work.

Autopercepção da necessidade de prótese dentária total entre idosos brasileiros desdentados / Self-perception of the need for full dental prosthesisamong toothless elderly Brazilians

Resumo Propõe-se estimar a prevalência da autopercepção da necessidade de prótese dentária total entre idosos (65 a 74 anos) brasileiros desdentados, assim como identificar seus fatores associados. Trata-se de estudo transversal com base no inquérito nacional das condições de Saúde Bucal da população brasileira, denominado SB Brasil – 2010. A variável dependente foi a autopercepção da necessidade de prótese dentária total, considerando a aquisição de prótese nova ou substituição da existente. Foram conduzidas análises descritivas, bivariadas e múltiplas. Foram incluídos 3514 idosos, destes, 2039 (55,0%) perceberam a necessidade de prótese total. A autopercepção da necessidade de prótese total foi maior entre os que necessitavam de prótese dentária inferior e que estavam insatisfeitos com as suas condições de saúde bucal. Além da alta prevalência da autopercepção da necessidade de prótese identificada, os resultados permitiram identificar que condições normativas e subjetivas de saúde bucal se mantiveram associadas a esta autopercepção entre idosos brasileiros.

Abstract The objective is to estimate the prevalence of self-perception of the need for a full dental prosthesis among toothless elderly Brazilians aged 65 to 74, as well as identify the associated factors. It is a cross-sectional study based on the national survey of oral health conditions of the Brazilian population, called SB Brazil – 2010. The dependent variable was the self-perceived need for full dental prosthesis, considering the purchase of new or replacement of the existing prosthesis. Descriptive bivariate and multiple analyses were conducted on 3514 elderly people, of which 2039 (55%) elderly self-perceived the need for a full denture. The self-perception of the need for a full denture was higher among those who needed dental prosthesis and who were dissatisfied with their oral health conditions. In addition to the high prevalence of self-perception of the need for prosthesis identified, the results identified that normative and subjective conditions of oral health remained associated with this self-perception among elderly Brazilians.

De las prótesis inmediatas a la sobredentadura: Reporte de un caso / From immediate prostheses to overdentures: Case report

En el presente artículo se describen los procedimientos clínicos y de laboratorio que se emplearon para rehabilitar a un paciente parcialmente edéntulo maxilar y mandibular. El tratamiento fue dividido en dos fases. La primera correspondió a la inserción de una prótesis total maxilar inmediata y a una sobredentadura mandibular inmediata con esquema oclusal balanceado. Una vez estabilizados los tejidos del paciente, se realizó la segunda fase del tratamiento, en la cual se cambiaron las prótesis inmediatas por una dentadura maxilar convencional y una sobredentadura dentomucosoportada retenida por aditamentos axiales radiculares. En esta segunda fase del tratamiento se reprodujo la guía anterior de las prótesis inmediatas y se empleó un esquema oclusal lingualizado. Los procedimientos descritos permiten disminuir tiempos clínicos y de laboratorio sin mermar la calidad de la rehabilitación final.

The present article purports a description of laboratory and clinical procedures used to rehabilitate a partially maxillary and mandibular edentulous patient. Treatment was divided into two phases. The first phase encompassed the insertion of an immediate maxillary total prosthesis as well as an immediate mandibular overdenture with balanced occlusal scheme. Once the patient's tissues were stabilized, the second phase of the treatment was undertaken: immediate prostheses were exchanged for a conventional maxillary denture as well as an tooth-supported overdenture retained by root-axial stud-type devices. In this second phase, the immediate prostheses' anterior guide was reproduced and a lingualized occlusal scheme was used. Described procedures allowed the decrease of clinical and laboratory time without endangering the quality of the final rehabilitation.

Diferente adaptación sensorio-motora a nuevas dentaduras, entre no portadores y portadores de dentaduras completas / Varied sensory-motor adaptation to new dentures among full denture wearers and non wearers

La pérdida de las piezas dentarias provoca cambios importantes en la actividad sensorio-motora de los pacientes que la sufren, cambios que a su vez pueden afectarse al colocar una dentadura completa (DC) y todos en conjunto pueden alterar el proceso de la masticación a tal grado que se afecten condiciones generales de salud como, por ejemplo, una adecuada alimentación, por lo que ha sido importante estudiar la respuesta de los músculos masticatorios ante la colocación de una DC y además comparar entre aquellos pacientes que previamente han usado DC y aquellos que la utilizan por vez primera, considerando que pudiera existir un estado funcional diferente. Para ello se hicieron registros electromiográficos (EMG) en los músculos maseteros de 29 pacientes, antes (1ª sesión), a los 8 y 30 días (2ª y 3ª sesión respectivamente) de la colocación de la DC. Formando dos grupos: el grupo 1 (G1) (n = 15; 12 ♀ , 5 ♂ , edad promedio 67.2 años) aquellos que previamente estaban usando ya una DC y el grupo 2 (G2) (n = 12; 8 ♀ , 4 ♂ , edad promedio 66.5 años) los que nunca antes la habían usado. Los resultados indican que existe una diferencia funcional entre los músculos de aquellos pacientes que previamente han usado una DC con respecto a la de los músculos de los pacientes que no han usado antes DC. Se registró menor amplitud EMG en la 1ª sesión en el G1 con respecto al G2 y una menor capacidad de generar los ciclos masticatorios, ello podría influir, también a largo plazo, en una disminución de la capacidad masticatoria y en la calidad de vida de los pacientes. Es necesario continuar este tipo de estudios tanto para corroborar los resultados reportados en el presente trabajo como para que, en su caso, se implementen medidas que coadyuven a una mejor adaptación a la DC.

Teeth loss elicits significant changes in the sensory-motor activity of patients thus afflicted. These changes can in turn be affected upon placement of a full denture (FD). Overall changes can alter mastication processes, to the point of affecting the patient's general state of health, as would be the case when impinging on proper feeding. This shows the importance of studying masticatory muscles response to the placement of a full denture. It is as well opportune to compare patients who have previously worn dentures with new denture wearers, since it must be borne in mind they could present different functional states. To this end, electromyographic records (EMR) were conducted in masseter muscles of 29 patients before (1st session) at 8 and 30 days (2nd and 3rd session) of FD placement. Two groups were tailored: Group 1 (G1) (n = 15, 12 ♀, 5 ♂, average age 67.2 years) those who had previously worn a full denture, and group 2 (G2), (n =12, 8 ♀, 4 ♂, average age 66.5 years) comprising individuals who had never before worn a full denture. Results indicated there was functional difference among muscles of patients having previously worn FD when compared to muscles of patients who had never worn a FD. Lesser EMG amplitude was found in G1 when compared to G2 in the first session as well as lesser ability to generate masticatory cycles. In the long run, this could also bear upon masticatory ability decrease and patients quality of life. It is necessary to continue this type of studies to substantiate recorded results of the present study, as well as to implement measures geared at contributing to improved FD adaptation.

Situación de salud bucal y estado protésico del paciente edentado bimaxilar que acude a la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Antioquia: un estudio piloto / Oral health profile and denture status of bimaxillary edentulous patients treated at universidad de antioquia’s school of dentistry: a pilot study

Introducción: este estudio tuvo como objetivo general analizar la situación de salud bucal y el estado protésico en unamuestra de pacientes edentados bimaxilares atendidos en la clínica del adulto de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Antioquia. Métodos: estudio descriptivo en 54 pacientes que consultaron a la institución en el periodo 2008-2010. Se consideraron lassiguientes variables: edad, sexo, estrato socioeconómico, nivel educativo, frecuencia de cepillado, utilización de enjuagues, limpieza de la mucosa, remoción nocturna de la prótesis, presencia de estomatitis, úlceras, aumento fibroso, porosidades, pigmentaciones, cálculos, fracturas, dientes caídos, desgaste dentario y grado de satisfacción con el aparato protésico. Se describieron las variables mencionadas por sexo y pruebas Chi cuadrado para observar significancias estadísticas. Resultados: la mayoría de la población estudiada se ubicó en estratos socioeconómicos y niveles educativos bajos. El 48% presentó algún tipo de estomatitis en el arco superior. El 46% se retiran ambas prótesis en la noche, con mayor proporción en las mujeres (58%). Los cálculos fueron el hallazgo más importante en cuanto al estado protésico, presentándose en el 79% en la prótesis inferior. Casi el 80% de la población examinada estaba satisfecha con la prótesis total superior y el 44% con la inferior. Conclusión: los resultados encontrados reflejaron la falta de mantenimiento y controlde la situación de estos pacientes, así como deficiencias en los hábitos de higiene bucal y de las prótesis, situación que no concuerda con la alta satisfacción encontrada.

Introduction: the main objective of this study was to analyze oral health conditions and denture status of a sample of bimaxillary edentulous patients treated at the adult clinic of Universidad de Antioquia’s School of Dentistry. Methods: this was adescriptive study on 54 patients seeking consultation between 2008 and 2010. The following variables were considered: age, gender, socioeconomic level, education level, frequency of brushing, mouthwash use, mucosa cleansing, nightly removal of prosthesis, presence of stomatitis, ulcers, fibrous increase, porosities, pigmentations, calculi, fractures, lost teeth, dental wear, and level of satisfaction withthe prosthetics apparatus. These variables were described by gender and Chi Square tests in order to observe statistical significances. Results: most of the studied population come from lower socioeconomic groups and have low education levels. 48% of this populationpresented some kind of upper arch stomatitis. 46% of them remove both prostheses at night, with a greater proportion among women (58%). Calculi were the most important finding in terms of denture status, as it occurred in 79% of lower prostheses. Almost 80% of the assessed population was satisfied with the upper denture, while 44% were satisfied with the lower one. Conclusions: the findings suggest lack of care and control of these patients’ situation, as well as deficiencies in terms of hygiene habits on both the mouth and the prosthesis —a situation that does not match the high levels of satisfaction found.