Medical micro- and nanomotors in the body

Attributed to the miniaturized body size and active mobility, micro- and nanomotors (MNMs) have demonstrated tremendous potential for medical applications. However, from bench to bedside, massive efforts are needed to address critical issues, such as cost-effective fabrication, on-demand integration of multiple functions, biocompatibility, biodegradability, controlled propulsion and in vivo navigation. Herein, we summarize the advances of biomedical MNMs reported in the past two decades, with particular emphasis on the design, fabrication, propulsion, navigation, and the abilities of biological barriers penetration, biosensing, diagnosis, minimally invasive surgery and targeted cargo delivery. Future perspectives and challenges are discussed as well. This review can lay the foundation for the future direction of medical MNMs, pushing one step forward on the road to achieving practical theranostics using MNMs.

Defects and Reconstruction Suggestion of Medical Regulatory System in China / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for reconstructing medical regulatory system in China. METHODS:Through in-troducing medical regulatory setting mode in Britain and USA,combining the situation and problems of medical regulatory setting in China,and the assumption was put forward for medical regulatory system construction. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:Adher-ing to the principle of legalization,independence and speciality,Britain and USA set up various types medical regulatory in each professional field led by health departments. These medical regulatory institutions are charged with drug instrument regulation,medi-cal regulation monitoring,medical insurance monitoring,and other responsibilities. In China,medical regulatory function scatters in Food & Drug Administration,Health and Family Planning Department,Human Social Security Department,Price Department, etc.There are some problems which go against the relief of“difficulty and high cost of getting medical service”and“falsely high drug price”,such as low legalization,unclear regulatory function,poor independence and speciality. So,“super health”medical regulatory system,covering administration department,industry regulator institutions and professional technology institutions led by National Health and Family Planning Commission,should be established through grasping“super-ministries”reform opportunity and integrating medical regulatory function of Food & Drug Administration,Health and Family Planning Department,Human So-cial Security Department,by referring to Britain and USA experience.