ABSTRACT
Destros e canhotos diferem quando comparados em algumas tarefas motoras, parecendo os canhotos usufruir de alguma vantagem em tarefas visuo-motoras. Neste estudo foi analisado, em cada grupo de preferência manual, o efeito da velocidade do estímulo, do sexo e da mão de execução no desempenho de uma tarefa simples de antecipação-coincidência. Participaram 12 destros e 12 canhotos de ambos os sexos, estudantes universitários de Desporto. Empregou-se o "Bassin Anticipation Timer" para avaliar a capacidade de antecipação-coincidência em três velocidades: 268 cm/s, 402,3 cm/s e 536,4 cm/s (6, 9 e 12 mph, respectivamente). Os sujeitos executaram a tarefa tanto com a mão preferida como com a mão não preferida. Principais resultados: 1) apenas os destros foram afetados pela variável velocidade do estímulo, apresentando antecipação das respostas e maior variabilidade na velocidade 268 cm/s, enquanto nas velocidades 402,3 cm/s e 536,4 cm/s as respostas foram enviesadas no sentido do atraso da resposta e com variabilidade menos acentuada na velocidade mais alta; 2) o sexo teve um efeito significativo apenas nos canhotos, sendo o sexo masculino mais preciso e menos enviesado nas suas respostas do que o sexo feminino; 3) a assimetria manual manifestou-se apenas nos canhotos na velocidade de 268 cm/s e no Erro Variável. Concluímos que cada grupo de preferência manual parece comportar-se de forma diferenciada em tarefas perceptivas de Antecipação-Coincidência onde a velocidade do estímulo é manipulada.
Right- and left-handers differ when compared in some motor tasks, and left-handers enjoy some advantage over right-handers in visuo-motor tasks. In this study we intend to analyze the effect of stimulus speed, in a simple coincidence-anticipation task, depending on handedness. Twelve right-handers and twelve left-handers of both sexes, students of Physical Education, participated in this study. The Bassin Anticipation Timer was used to evaluate the coincidence-anticipation ability at three different and random velocities: 268 cm/s, 402.3 cm/s e 536.4 cm/s (6, 9 e 12 mph, respectively). The subjects were evaluated performing the task with the preferred hand and non-preferred hand. The results revealed that: 1) only right-handers were affected by the variable stimulus speed, anticipating responses and being more variable at 268cm/s, while at 402.3 cm/s and 536.4 cm/s responses were late; moreover they were less variable at 536.4cm/s; 2) sex as a main factor was significant only in the left-handed group, males being more accurate and less biased in their responses than females; 3) manual asymmetry was only apparent in the left-handed group at the 268cm/s and in the variable error. The perceptual component of the task seems to be crucial in distinguishing right-handers and left-handers where the speed of the stimulus is manipulated.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Functional Laterality , Motion Perception , Motor Activity , SexABSTRACT
AIM: To evaluate the relationship between eye dominance and hand preference among university students with respect to dominant hemisphere. METHODS: A total of 179 university students (mean age ±SD was 19.4±1.6 years) were included in the study. The subject population was composed of 110 females (61.5%) and 69 males (38.5%) volunteered for examina-tion. Eye dominance was determined by two different methods named Gündoan and McManus tests. Handed-ness was also determined by two different methods as Edinburgh Handedness Inventory Oldfield (1971) and McManus tests. The reliability of the survey was examin-ed using a test-retest method.RESULTS: Without gender difference right/left eye dominance were found respectively for 110 (61.5%), 69 (38.5%) subjects by Gündoan test. When the same subjects were re-tested by McManus method the right/left eye dominance was found respectively for 128 (71.5%), 51 (28.5 %). The results of these two methods were related significantly, with an agreement score κ=0.256 (P<0.01). In females the right/left eye dominance were found respectively as 62 (56.4%), 48 (43.6%) by Gündoan test as it was found respectively 74 (67.3%), 36 (32.7%) for the same subjects when re-tested by McManus test method. The results of these two tests for females were related significantly by Fisher exact test (P<0.05), with agreement score κ=0.239 (P<0.01). In males the right/left eye dominance were found respectively as 48 (69.6%), 21 (30.3%) in Gündoan test method as it was found 54 (78.3%), 15(21.7%) for the same subjects when re-tested by McManus test (P>0.05). Right handedness ratios were 91.6% (n=164) and 91.1% (n=163) in Oldfield and McManus tests, respec-tively. Statistical agreement between these two methods was also represented with a high score (κ=0.753, P<0.01). The statistical relationship correlation between eye dominance and throwing hand was found significant by McManus test methods (Fisher exact test P<0.017) with an agreement score phi=0.193, P<0.05.CONCLUSION: The marked right handedness was observed among university students in both two hand preference tests. According to McManus test the throwing hand seems to have more consistent relation with the right eye dominance. Throwing hand and dominant eye seems to be a most reliable way for detecting functional asymmetry and cerebral laterality.
ABSTRACT
AIM: To examine a new performance test for detecting eye dominance by testing and re-testing with two different methods of the same subjects for comparing and discussing the reliabilities of these tests. ·METHODS: A total of 179 university students (mean age±SD was 19.37±1.62 years) were voluntarily participate in this survey consisting of 110 females (61.5%) and 69 males (38.5%). Eye dominances were determined by two different methods which were named McManus examined using a test-retest method. ·RESULTS: Without sex difference right eyes were found dominant for 128 (71.5%) participants by McManus test. The right eye dominance were found for 110 (61.5%) subjects. The results of these two methods were related significantly by Fisher Exact test (P ＜ 0.01), with an agreement scores (κ=0.256, P＜ 0.001). In females the right eye dominance were found for 74 (67.3%) and left eye were found for 36 (32.7%) by McManus test. When the right eye dominance was found as 62 (56.4%); and the left eye dominance was found for 48 (43.6%) females were related significantly by Fisher Exact test (P＜ 0.05), with a weak agreement scores (κ=0.239, P ＜ 0.01). In males the right/left eye dominance were found respectively 54 (78.3%), 15(21.7%) in McManus test as it was found as 48 (69.6%), 21 (30.4%) for the same test and Fisher exact test were used for the analysis of categorical data. The agreement between different methods was analyzed with Kappa statistics. Comparison of proportions was made by two proportions z test. P value less than 0.05 was considered as significant. ·CONCLUSION: Without gender difference and also in both females and males marked right eye dominance was observed. The right eye dominance was considering functional laterality may due to the dominance of left hemisphere instead of right hemisphere. It is an important topic future research in laterality, and it may well become an important model system for future research.