Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Performance Assessment of Self-care Skills among Older People in Community (Adaptasi Budaya dan Kesahan Penilaian Prestasi Kemahiran Penjagaan Diri dalam Kalangan Warga Emas di Komuniti) / Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia

@#The Performance Assessment of Self-care Skills (PASS-Home) is a client-centered, performance-based, criterionreference, observational form designed to capture client’s performance skills in completing daily task activities. The aim of the study was to describe the process of translating, adapting and validating the PASS-Home from English language version into a Malay language version. The development of the translated Malay version of the PASS-Home consisted of two stages. Stage one involved the exclusion of the items that were not culturally relevant to the Malaysian culture. Stage two involved the translation process. The five steps of the cross-cultural adaptation process were followed: (1) initial forward version; (2) a summary of recommendations by the expert panels; (3) the back-translation; (4) modifications of the translated Malay version of PASS and a summary of problems found during the pre-testing, and (5) the final version of the PASS Malay Version (M-PASS). A total of five items from the PASS-Home were omitted in the Malay version (M-PASS) and another five items that were considered as suitable in Malaysian context were added in the M-PASS. The Content Validation Index (CVI) showed perfect agreement with an average of I-CVI was reported at 0.99 and S-CVI/universal agreement (S-CVI/UA) was at 0.93. Test-retest reliabilty showed that the M-PASS were highly reliable reported of its three main constructs of Independence (ICC=0.706), Safety (ICC=0.906) and Adequacy (ICC=0.950). M-PASS showed strong evidence as a valid and reliable assessment in evaluating the functional level of older people who live independently in community.

Factors Affecting Emotional Status and Suicidal Risk in Hospitalized Medical Patients / 정신신체의학

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to identify the group with high risk of suicide in general hospital inpatient by comparing the depression, anxiety, and distress and their clinical characteristics. METHODS: The study included all patients admitted to a general hospital between January 2016 and December 2017, and the final 41,249 patients were analyzed. Distress thermometer (DT) and hospital anxiety-depression scale (HADS) were used for emotional state evaluation. Group with high risk of suicide was defined as showing more than 4 in the DT and more than 8 in one of the two subscales (anxiety and depression) of the HADS. RESULTS: Among the subjects, 3,603 patients (8.7%) met the high-risk criteria for suicide. The group with high risk of suicide experienced more severe pain than the control patient group, and it was found that there was more underlying disease. Patients who reported pain showed higher scores than those who reported no pain on the DT and HADS subscales. CONCLUSIONS: Group with high risk of suicide showed more severe pain and more underlying disease. Therefore, suicide prevention program specifically targeted for the group with high risk of suicide should be developed according to the risk of the patient evaluated at the time of the admission.

Interferência do estado de humor na melhora dos componentes da capacidade funcional em idosos / Interference of mood states in the improvement of components of functional capacity in the elderly

Estados de humor são sentimentos autorreguladores que, quando positivos, podem contribuir para um envelhecimento saudável, manter ou melhorar os níveis funcionais. Tal melhora pode ser notada em indivíduos que praticam atividade física sistematizada, como a dança, por exemplo. Para verificar se há influência dos estados de humor nos componentes funcionais e a interferência do exercício físico nesses aspectos, o presente estudo foi realizado com 30 idosos, distribuídos igualmente em dois grupos (Grupo de Treinamento e Grupo Controle). O Grupo de Treinamento participou de um protocolo de dança com duração de 1 hora três vezes por semana ao longo de 12 semanas, e o Grupo Controle não frequentou qualquer programa de atividade física. Todos os participantes foram avaliados pela Lista de Estados de Ânimo Reduzida e Ilustrada e pela bateria de testes da AAHPERD. Para análise dos estados de humor, foi utilizado o teste binomial com nível de significância de 5% e uma análise comparativa pré e pós. Para os componentes da capacidade funcional, foi utilizada a análise de variância para medidas repetidas ANOVA twoway, adotando-se mesmo nível de significância. Não foram detectadas mudanças estatisticamente significativas para os estados de humor, embora os componentes funcionais tenham apresentado melhoras na coordenação, agilidade e força com a prática de dança. Os idosos que apresentaram melhores níveis funcionais tiveram os estados de humor positivos intensificados e os negativos mantidos ou reduzidos. Idosos adeptos ao exercício físico com estados de humor mais positivos apresentaram os melhores níveis funcionais.

Mood states are auto-regulating feelings that, being positive, may contribute to a healthy aging to maintain or improve functional levels. Such benefits can be noticed in individuals who practice physical activity, systematically, such as dancing, for example. In order to investigate whether the mood states can influence functional components and the interference of physical exercise on these aspects, this study was carried out with 30 individuals, equally assigned into two groups (training group and control group). The Training Group participated in a dance protocol (one-hour session, three times a week for 12 weeks) and the Control Group did not attend any physical activity program. All participants were evaluated by means of the Illustrated and Reduced Mood States List and the battery tests of AAHPERD. For mood states analysis, it was used the binomial test with 5% significance level and a pre-to-post comparison. Regarding the components of functional capacity, a two-way ANOVA was used for repeated measures, adopting the same level of signifi cance. No statistically significant changes on mood states changes were showed, although the functional components of coordination, agility and strength were improved after dance training. Older people who presented better functional levels also presented more intense positive mood states and maintained or reduced the negative ones. Those ones who were adherents to exercise along with more positive mood states showed better functional levels.

Factors Affecting Bone Mineral Density in Adults with Cerebral Palsy

OBJECTIVE: To clarify factors affecting bone mineral density (BMD) in adults with cerebral palsy (CP). METHOD: Thirty-five patients with CP participated in this study. Demographic data including gender, age, body mass index (BMI), subtype according to neuromotor type and topographical distribution, ambulatory function, and functional independence measure (FIM) were investigated. The BMD of the lumbar spine and femur were measured using Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and the factors affecting BMD were analyzed. RESULTS: The BMD had no significant association with factors such as gender, age, and subtype in adults with CP. However, BMI was significantly correlated with the BMD of lumbar spine and femur (p<0.05). The FIM score was also positively correlated with the BMD of femur (p<0.05). Moreover, CP patients with higher ambulatory function had significantly higher BMD of femur (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that BMI and functional levels such as FIM and ambulatory function can affect BMD in adults with CP. The results might be used as basic data, suggesting the importance of treatment including weight bearing exercise and gait training in adults with CP.

Conformation Structure of Tri-jiao Membrane in Systemic Pleurodiaphragmatic Interspace Theory / 浙江中医药大学学报

Why the riddle of tri-jiao is discussed successively for thousands of years?Because it is too important,it is the formless original Qi,that has derivate relationship with materiality organs latently.The relationship is larger than the structural entity and function.The complex tri-jiao system arouses our highlight,exceeding the conformation anatomic entity of modern medicine;the research of systemic pleurodiaphragmatic interspace finds out the material tri-jiao structure.The structural levels of pleurodiaphragmatic interspaces and membranes:material structure of complex system of nine verticals,nine crossings,18 perverse-ring pleurodiaphragmatic interspaces and membranes.To further develop and set up unique structural levels of TCM human figure,the relationship structure and functional levels of tri-jiao membrane(9?9)?18m is of great importance connotation.