Application of the teaching model of massive open online course combined with small private online course in the teaching of Fundamentals of Surgery / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To investigate the application effect of the teaching model of massive open online course (MOOC)+small private online course (SPOC) in the undergraduate clinical teaching of Fundamentals of Surgery.Methods:A total of 30 undergraduate medical trainees in the five-year program were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, with 15 trainees in each group. With the chapter of basic surgical procedures as an example, the trainees in the control group received traditional teaching, and those in the experimental group received MOOC+SPOC teaching. Theoretical assessment and surgery simulation were performed at one week after the course to evaluate the teaching effect. SPSS 17.0 was used for the t-test and the chi-square test. Results:The experimental group had a theoretical assessment score of (92.5±6.4) points and a basic skill operation score of (91.7±2.2) points, while the control group had a theoretical assessment score of (85.3±7.3) points and a basic skill operation score of (83.6±6.4) points. The experimental group had an excellent rate of 60% (9/15) in theoretical assessment and 66.7% (10/15) in basic skill operation test, while the control group had an excellent rate of 40% (6/15) in theoretical assessment and 33.3% (5/15) in basic skill operation test. The experimental group had significantly higher scores and grades than the control group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:MOOC+SPOC teaching can significantly enhance the understanding of theoretical knowledge and the mastery of operational skills among trainees and improve teaching effect, and therefore, it has a good application prospect.

Application of case-based learning combined with flipped classroom in the teaching of experimental diagnostics in the integrated course of Diagnosis and Treatment Fundamentals / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To investigate the application effect of case-based learning (CBL) combined with flipped classroom in the teaching of experimental diagnostics in the integrated course of Diagnosis and Treatment Fundamentals. Methods:The cluster random sampling method was used to select the class of 2019 in the eight-year program and the class of 2020 in the five-year program, with the major of stomatology in Air Force Medical University. The 24 students in the observation group received CBL combined flipped classroom, and the 37 students in the control group received traditional teaching. The two groups were compared in terms of theoretical assessment score, classroom assessment score, comprehensive ability, self-learning ability, and degree of satisfaction with teaching. SPSS 22.0 was used for the t-test. Results:The observation group had a significantly higher theoretical assessment score than the control group [(74.88±3.46) vs. (71.89±4.45), P<0.05]. The observation group had significantly better scores of practical skill assessment than the control group ( P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the observation group had significantly better scores of comprehensive ability and self-learning ability ( P<0.05). The observation group had significantly better scores of satisfaction with teaching than the control group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The application of CBL combined with flipped classroom in the teaching of experimental diagnostics in the integrated course of Diagnosis and Treatment Fundamentals can improve theoretical knowledge, practical skills, comprehensive quality, and satisfaction with teaching among students, and therefore, it holds promise for application in teaching.

Construção identitária profissional: percepção de estudantes de terapia ocupacional / Professional identity construction: perception of occupational therapy undergraduates

Resumo Introdução A identidade profissional é construída por diversos fatores, porém, no debate entre terapeutas ocupacionais, aparece uma divergência entre um desejo de uma identidade única e estabelecida ou identidades complexas e dinâmicas. Objetivo Compreender as percepções de estudantes de terapia ocupacional sobre a identidade profissional, definindo os elementos constitutivos desse processo. Método Pesquisa de método quantitativo-qualitativo e descritivo é composta por análises temáticas de um questionário on-line, respondido por 177 estudantes de cursos de graduação em terapia ocupacional de 23 Instituições de Ensino Superior brasileiras. Apresenta as análises de sete questões (abertas e/ou fechadas) em busca de elementos identitários, que foram categorizados tematicamente em: saberes, fazeres e posturas; públicos, demandas e especialidades; e contribuições da profissão. Resultados São revelados o uso de termos, valores e posturas profissionais (como atividade, ocupação, cuidado, inclusão, humanização e criatividade); públicos-alvo (como pessoas com dificuldades, deficiências e condições relacionadas à saúde, ao social e à educação); além de procedimentos e objetivos da prática (como autonomia, independência e qualidade de vida). Os resultados mostram a relação da identidade com a busca pelo reconhecimento social, os públicos com os quais a profissão se dedica, identifica demandas e constitui compromissos ético-políticos, além de posturas, valores, predominantemente relacionados à saúde e à reabilitação. Conclusão Os fazeres, saberes, posturas, públicos, demandas, especialidades e contribuições da profissão apareceram como elementos identitários da profissão e revelam, por meio dos interesses, definições e explicações sobre a profissão, a relação entre a construção de pertencimento e a multiplicidade de perspectivas epistêmicas internacionais e nacionais usadas de forma complementares e sem distinção aparente.

Abstract Introduction Professional identity is built by several factors, however, in the debate among occupational therapists, a divergence appears between a desire for a unique and established identity or complex and dynamic identities. Objective To understand the perceptions of occupational therapy students about professional identity, defining the constituent elements of this process. Method Quantitative-qualitative and descriptive research is composed of thematic analyzes of an online questionnaire, answered by 177 students of undergraduate courses in occupational therapy from 23 Brazilian Higher Education Institutions. It presents the analysis of seven questions (open and/or closed) in search of identity elements, which were categorized thematically into: knowledge, actions and postures; audiences, demands and specialties; and contributions of the profession. Results The use of professional terms, values ​​and postures (such as activity, occupation, care, inclusion, humanization and creativity) are revealed; target audiences (such as people with difficulties, disabilities and conditions related to health, social and education); in addition to procedures and objectives of the practice (such as autonomy, independence and quality of life). The results show the relationship between identity and the search for social recognition, the publics with which the profession is dedicated, identifies demands and constitutes ethical-political commitments, in addition to postures, values, and procedures and objectives of practice, predominantly related to health and rehabilitation. Conclusion The occupations, knowledge, postures, audiences, demands, specialties and contributions of the profession appeared as identity elements of the profession and reveal, through interests, definitions and explanations about the profession, the relationship between the construction of belonging and the multiplicity of international and national epistemic perspectives used in a complementary way and without apparent distinction.

Identidade profissional de assistentes sociais no IFSC: entre o assalariamento e o direcionamento social / Professional identity of social workers at IFSC: between salary and social direction / Identidad profesional de asistentes sociales en IFSC: entre el trabajo asalariado y la dirección social

Resumo Este artigo apresenta uma análise sobre o trabalho dos/as assistentes sociais no Instituto Federal de Educação de Santa Catarina, em sua relação com o processo de construção da identidade profissional. A partir do final dos anos 2000, observa-se uma expansão no número de assistentes sociais atuando na política educacional, com a constituição do Programa Nacional de Assistência Estudantil e da Rede Federal de Educação Profissional, Científica e Tecnológica, requisitado, principalmente, para a execução das ações de assistência estudantil. As demandas, requisições e condições de trabalho são elementos que corroboram a construção do projeto ético-político da profissão, e refletir sobre tais aspectos possibilita compreender a realidade para além da sua aparência imediata. Este estudo, fundamentado no materialismo histórico-dialético, desenvolveu-se com base na pesquisa bibliográfica e documental e na pesquisa de campo, utilizando-se do questionário para o levantamento de dados. Os resultados apontam limites e possibilidades ao trabalho dos/as assistentes sociais no Instituto, demonstrando que a construção da identidade profissional ocorre em meio à contradição posta entre as determinações do trabalho assalariado, ao qual os/as assistentes sociais estão sujeitos, e o direcionamento social que se busca imprimir ao exercício profissional, tendo em vista a materialização do projeto profissional.

Abstract This article presents an analysis of the work of social workers at the Federal Institute of Education of Santa Catarina, in relation to the process of building professional identity. From the end of the 2000s onwards, there was an expansion in the number of social workers working in educational policy, with the constitution of the National Student Assistance Program and the Federal Network of Professional, Scientific and Technological Education, mainly required for the implementation of student assistance actions. The demands, requisitions and working conditions are elements that support the construction of the ethical-political project of the profession, and reflecting on such aspects makes it possible to understand reality beyond its immediate appearance. This study, based on historical-dialectical materialism, was developed based on bibliographic and documental research and on field research, using the questionnaire to collect data. The results point out limits and possibilities to the work of social workers at the Institute, demonstrating that the construction of professional identity occurs in the midst of the contradiction between the determinations of salaried work, to which social workers are subject, and the social direction that is sought to be imprinted on professional practice, with a view to materializing the professional project.

Resumen Este artículo presenta un análisis del trabajo de los/las asistentes sociales del Instituto Federal de Educación de Santa Catarina, en su relación con el proceso de construcción de la identidad profesional. A partir de fines de la década de 2000, hubo una expansión en el número de asistentes sociales actuando en la política educativa, con la constitución del Programa Nacional de Atención al Estudiante y la Red Federal de Educación Profesional, Científica y Tecnológica, requerido principalmente para la implementación de las acciones de asistencia estudiantil. Las exigencias, requisiciones y condiciones de trabajo son elementos que corroboran la construcción del proyecto ético-político de la profesión, y reflexionar sobre tales aspectos posibilita comprender la realidad más allá de su apariencia inmediata. Este estudio, basado en el materialismo histórico-dialéctico, se desarrolló a partir de una investigación bibliográfica, documental y de campo, utilizando el cuestionario para la recolección de datos. Los resultados apuntan límites y posibilidades al trabajo de los asistentes sociales en el Instituto, demostrando que la construcción de la identidad profesional ocurre en medio de la contradicción planteada entre las determinaciones del trabajo asalariado, al que están sujetos los asistentes sociales, y la dirección social que se busca imprimir en el ejercicio profesional, teniendo en mente la materialización del proyecto profesional.

Programa de planificación semanal para el desarrollo de la fuerza en judocas de la categoría 9-10 años / Programa semanal de planeamento para o desenvolvimento da força nos judocas da categoria dos 9-10 anos de idade / Weekly planning program for the development of strength in female judo athletes of the 9-10 years old category

RESUMEN El presente trabajo consistió en la elaboración de un programa de planificación semanal para el desarrollo de la fuerza en judocas de la categoría 9-10 años. El mismo tuvo como propósito esencial, ofertar una vía para influir positivamente en el rendimiento de los judocas pertenecientes a este grupo etario, a la vez que se dispone de un nuevo recurso para elaborar la planificación de la fuerza para esta disciplina deportiva, con lo que se contribuye, además, con el proceso de superación de los profesores deportivos que laboran en el eslabón de base. Para ello, se tuvieron en cuenta los fundamentos morfo-biomecánicos de los ejercicios de fuerza, así como las características morfo-funcionales de los niños que pertenecen a la misma. Para la obtención de información, se utilizaron como métodos la revisión de documentos, la encuesta y la observación. Al no encontrarse referentes al respecto en la bibliografía especializada que fue consultada, así como la falta de evidencia de una planificación semanal del entrenamiento de la fuerza, sustentado en los parámetros anteriormente mencionados, lo que pudo constatarse a través del diagnóstico efectuado. Los autores lograron diseñar un programa de planificación semanal para el desarrollo de la fuerza en judocas de la categoría 9-10 años, acorde con las exigencias fisiológicas de este grupo etario. De este modo, se pudo influir de forma positiva en el desarrollo de esta capacidad motora, sin daños para el organismo de estos niños.

RESUMO O presente trabalho consistiu na elaboração de um programa de planeamento semanal para o desenvolvimento da força nos judocas da categoria dos 9-10 anos de idade. O seu objectivo essencial era oferecer uma forma de influenciar positivamente o desempenho dos judocas pertencentes a esta faixa etária, tendo ao mesmo tempo um novo recurso para desenvolver o planeamento de força para esta disciplina desportiva, o que também contribui para o processo de melhoria dos professores de desporto que trabalham no elo básico. Para tal, foram tidos em conta os fundamentos morfo-biomecânicos dos exercícios de força, bem como as características morfofuncionais das crianças que a ela pertencem. A fim de obter informações, foram utilizados como métodos a revisão, o levantamento e a observação de documentos. Uma vez que não foram encontradas referências na bibliografia especializada que foi consultada, bem como a falta de provas de um planeamento semanal do treino de força, baseado nos parâmetros acima mencionados, que pôde ser verificado através do diagnóstico efetuado, os autores puderam conceber um programa de planeamento semanal para o desenvolvimento da força nos jogadores de judô da categoria dos 9-10 anos, de acordo com as exigências fisiológicas desta faixa etária. Desta forma, foi possível influenciar positivamente o desenvolvimento desta capacidade motora, sem danificar o corpo destas crianças.

ABSTRACT The present work consisted in the elaboration of a weekly planning program for the development of strength in judo female athletes of the 9-10 years old category. Its essential purpose was to offer a way to positively influence the performance of judo female athletes belonging to this age group, at the same time that a new resource is available to elaborate the planning of strength for this sport discipline, which also contributes to the process of improvement of sports teachers who work in the basic link. For this purpose, the morpho-biomechanical fundamentals of strength exercises were taken into account, as well as the morpho-functional characteristics of the children who belong to it. To obtain information, document review, survey and observation were used as methods. Since no references were found in the specialized bibliography that was consulted, as well as the lack of evidence of a weekly planning of strength training, based on the aforementioned parameters, which could be verified through the diagnosis carried out, the authors were able to design a weekly planning program for the development of strength in judo female athletes of the 9-10 years old category, according to the physiological demands of this age group. In this way, it was possible to have a positive influence on the development of this motor capacity, without harming the organism of these children.

Relação entre tempo de experiência e habilidades técnicas de crianças praticantes de futsal / Relationship between time of experience and technical skills of children futsal practitioners

O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar e correlacionar o tempo de experiência e as habilidades técnicas em crianças praticantes de futsal da categoria sub-11. 22 crianças praticantes de futsal (21 do sexo masculino e uma do sexo feminino), com idade entre nove e onze anos, participantes de uma escolinha de futsal foram divididas em dois grupos de praticantes: com menor tempo de experiência (G1); e, com maior tempo de experiência (G2), todos em fase de aprendizagem e de treinamento do futsal. Ambos grupos foram avaliados pelo teste Skills, adaptado ao futsal. Foram obtidas, comparadas e correlacionadas a idade, massa corporal, estatura, condução de bola, domínio de bola, precisão do chute e precisão de passe com o pé direito e esquerdo. A avaliação ocorreu individualmente com um período de adaptação da criança as tarefas do teste e teve duração aproximada de três minutos para cada criança. Dois avaliadores com experiência na modalidade participaram da realização do teste. Comparações das variáveis entre os grupos foram realizadas e correlações entre o tempo de experiência e as habilidades técnicas foram testadas com α de 5%. Os achados deste estudo indicam que todas as habilidades técnicas apresentaram valores similares (p > 0,05). Assim, na categoria sub-11, o tempo de experiência não foi um fator determinante no nível de aprendizado das habilidades técnicas e nas características antropométricas das crianças. Ainda, foram identificadas correlação entre o tempo de experiência com as variáveis da idade, domínio1,95m, domínio3,05m, passe com o pé esquerdo e condução de bola. Portanto, independente do tempo de experiência em jogadores da categoria sub-11, os mesmos podem apresentar desempenho similar nas habilidades técnicas do futsal....(AU)

The objective of this study was to compare and correlate the time of experience and technical skills in children practicing futsal in the sub-11 category. 22 children playing futsal (21 male and one female), aged between nine and eleven years old, participating in a futsal school were divided into two groups of practitioners: with less experience (G1); and, with a longer experience (G2), all of them in the futsal learning and training phase. Both groups were evaluated by the Skills test, adapted to futsal. Age, body mass, height, ball handling, ball control, kick accuracy and passing accuracy with the right and left foot were obtained, compared and correlated. The evaluation took place individually with a period of adaptation of the child to the test tasks and lasted approximately three minutes for each child. Two evaluators with experience in the modality participated in the test. Comparisons of variables between groups were made and correlations between time of experience and technical skills were tested with α of 5%. The findings of this study indicate that all technical skills showed similar values (p>0.05). Thus, in the sub-11 category, the length of experience was not a determining factor in the level of learning of technical skills and anthropometric characteristics of children. In addition, a correlation was identified between the time of experience with the variables of age, domain1.95m, domain3.05m, pass with the left foot and ball handling. Therefore, regardless of the time of experience in players of the sub-11 category, they can present similar performance in the technical skills of futsal. (AU)

O Serviço Social e suas particularidades histórico -profissionais ao redor do mundo / Social Work and its historical-professional diversity around the world

Resumo: Este artigo objetiva dialogar com o Serviço Social ao redor do mundo, a partir de uma interlocução profícua com as produções reunidas na coletânea Serviço Social na história, publicada pela Cortez Editora. Nessa perspectiva, a produção privilegia sintonizar a profissão e seus fundamentos no bojo das peculiaridades históricas dos países, as quais imprimem selo distinto e particular à profissão, em face da sua relação orgânica com a realidade.

Abstract: This article aims to dialogue with Social Work around the world, based on a fruitful dialogue with the productions gathered in the collection Social Work in History, published by Cortez Publishing House. In this perspective, this essay focuses in balancing the profession and its grounds in the midst of the countries' historical peculiarities, which give a distinctive and particular badge to the profession, in view of its organic relationship with reality.

Ética profissional e as instituições empregadoras: uma análise a partir do código de ética da assistente social / Professional ethics and employing institutions: an anlysis from the social worker code of ethics

Este artigo investiga, a partir do Código de Ética Profissional (CEP) de 1993 e dos Códigos de Ética pregressos (1947, 1965, 1975 e 1986), a relação da assistente social com as instituições empregadoras. Para tanto, parte do imperativo legal desse instrumento às profissões liberais e suas particularidades para com a assistente social. Posteriormente, analisa essa regulação por meio dos capítulos, artigos e seções dos Códigos que tratam da relação entre profissional e instituição empregadora. A análise desse material permitiu evidenciar a mudança na forma como a profissão passou a responder tanto às requisições institucionais quanto aos objetivos profissionais durante e após o processo de renovação do Serviço Social brasileiro

This article investigates, based on the 1993 Code of Professional Ethics (CEP) and the previous Code of Ethics (1947,1965,1975 and 1986), the relationship of the social worker with employing institutions. Therefore, part of the legal imperative of this instrument to the liberal professions and their particularities towards the social worker. Subsequently, it analyzes this regulation through the chapters, articles and sections of the Codes that deal with the relationship between professional and employer institution. The analysis of this of this material makes it possible to presentation the change in the way the profession started to respond to both institutional requirements and professional goals during and after the renewal process of Brazilian Social Work

Status of Indian medicinal plants in the International Union for Conservation of Nature and the future of Ayurvedic drugs: Shouldn't think about Ayurvedic fundamentals? / 中西医结合学报

The present market for herbal drugs is estimated about ₹40 billion, which is expected to increase by 16% in next 3-4 years. The current production of many Ayurvedic herbs is less than their market demand, which incentivizes adulteration in the Ayurvedic drug supply chain. The present work aims to highlight the most used Ayurvedic plants that have been listed in the International Union for Conservation of Nature's "red list" of endangered or vulnerable plants. The future of Ayurvedic medicines from these listed plants is uncertain, as the collection of herbs from their natural habitat is prohibited and their cultivation does not meet market demands. Many of these plants, such as Taxus baccata and T. wallichiana, are endangered and are only grown in their natural habitats; their cultivation in other areas is impractical. This is the present state, and will worsen as demand continues to grow, with increasing populations and increasing adoption of this system of medicine. It is possible that in coming years most of the Ayurvedic drugs will be adulterated, and will cause only side effects rather than the therapeutic effects. The Ayurvedic fundamentals are under-explored areas where the Ayurvedic practitioners and research scientists can work together. The scientific work on the basic principles will unravel many unknown or little-known facts of this ancient science. Hence, the present review emphasizes the conservation of Ayurvedic herbs, minimization of the use of medicinal plants and the promotion of the research based on Ayurvedic fundamentals.

Tendências atuais no ensino dos Fundamentos do Serviço Social / Current Trends in Teaching Social Work Fundamentals

O artigo, fruto da pesquisa de pós-doutoramento, analisa o ensino dos Fundamentos do Serviço Social, considerando as tendências atuais relativas à formação em nível brasileiro e as expressas na operacionalidade formativa no âmbito das Unidades de Formação Acadêmica. Trata-se de pesquisa documental, realizada nos Projetos Pedagógicos dos Cursos selecionados das Regiões Sul, Sudeste e Centro Oeste. A definição da amostra deu-se a partir da demarcação da instituição presencial mais antiga em cada região, com trajetória consolidada no âmbito da graduação e da pós-graduação. Os resultados apontam que apesar de a formação presencial em Serviço Social dar-se, tendencialmente, em instituições de natureza privada e concentrada na Região Sudeste do Brasil, percebe-se que o ensino dos Fundamentos se assentam no caráter dialético e ontológico, próprios do cariz marxiano, com notórios esforços de abandono da concepção tricotômica entre história, teoria e método.

The article, the result of postdoctoral research, analyzes the teaching of the Fundamentals of Social Work, considering the current trends related to training at the Brazilian level and those expressed in the formative operability within the Academic Training Units. This is a documentary research carried out in the Pedagogical Projects of the selected Courses of the South, Southeast and Midwest. The definition of the sample was based on the demarcation of the oldest presential institution in each region, with a consolidated trajectory in the graduate and postgraduate levels. The results indicate that although the presential formation in Social Work tends to occur in private institutions and concentrated in the Southeast of Brazil, it is clear that the teaching of the Fundamentals is based on the dialectical and ontological character, characteristic of the nature of marxist, with notorious efforts to abandon the trichotomous conception of history, theory, and method.

De que se trata ser freudiano pela psicanálise lacaniana? Os quatro conceitos fundamentais da psicanálise em Freud e Lacan / What does it mean to be freudian for lacanian psychoanalysis? The four fundamental concepts of psychoanalysis in Freud and in Lacan / ¿Qué es ser freudiano desde el psicoanálisis lacaniano? Los cuatro conceptos fundamentales del psicoanálisis en Freud y en Lacan

O artigo versa sobre os quatros conceitos considerados por Lacan como fundamentais da psicanálise: inconsciente, repetição, transferência e pulsão. Privilegia-se um Lacan menos hermético em seu retorno a Freud, comparando e discutindo o estado da arte dos fundamentos de ambos os autores e com o auxílio de alguns comentadores. O estudo propõe apontar por que estes quatro conceitos foram considerados por Lacan como fundamentais da psicanálise, e como eles foram reposicionados para uma leitura no campo da linguagem, apostando que essas discussões evidenciem as implicações da psicanálise lacaniana sobre a freudiana e vice-versa. Considera-se fundamental o retorno de Lacan a Freud, principalmente no que diz respeito à crítica e aos estudos destes quatro conceitos, a partir dos quais se acredita ser possível compreender a lógica da psicanálise e seu modus operandi.

This article deals with the four concepts considered as fundamental of psychoanalysis by Lacan: unconscious, repetition, transference and drive. It is privileged a less airtight Lacan on his return to Freud, comparing and discussing the state of the art of the elements in both authors, with the aid of some commentators. In addition, the study proposes to discuss the implications of Lacanian on the Freudian psychoanalysis, visiting theoretical and technical points repositioned by Lacan for a reading in the field of language. It is considered fundamental his return to Freud, especially with respect to the criticism and the studies of the four fundamental concepts considered by him, from whom it is believed to be possible to understand the knowledge of psychoanalysis and its modus operandi.

El artículo aborda los cuatro conceptos considerados por Lacan como fundamentales al psicoanálisis: el inconsciente, la repetición, la transferencia y la pulsión. Se busca enfocar en un Lacan menos hermético en su retorno a Freud, comparando y discutiendo el estado del arte en ambos autores y con la ayuda de algunos comentaristas. El estudio propone discutir por qué son importantes estos conceptos en Lacan, y cómo los reposicionan para una lectura en el campo del lenguaje, indicando las implicaciones del psicoanálisis lacaniano sobre el freudiano y viceversa. Se considera como importante su retorno a Freud, especialmente con respecto a la crítica y a los estudios de estos conceptos fundamentales, a partir de ellos se habla de una posibilidad de comprender como operar el conocimiento del psicoanálisis y su modus operandi.

"Experiência-narrativa" como sintagma de núcleo vazio: contribuições para o debate metodológico na Saúde Coletiva / "Narrative-experience" as a syntagma of empty nucleus: contributions to the methodological debate in the field of Collective Health

Resumo A produção e análise de narrativas é instrumental metodológico utilizado em estudos qualitativos em saúde coletiva. O presente artigo pretende situar alguns fundamentos para o emprego do conceito de experiência-narrativa como estratégia metodológico-conceitual para tal campo investigativo. A articulação paradoxal sempre presente entre os termos "experiência" e "narrativa" é investigada e situada teoricamente a partir do percurso do conceito em Walter Benjamin. Para esse autor, não há experiência exceto na linguagem. Esse é o ponto crucial a partir do qual experiência-narrativa é situada neste texto como sintagma de núcleo vazio, uma forma de cercar o incontornável paradoxo central da transmissão do espírito na linguagem. Isso permite qualificar as bases para o emprego do conceito como mediação entre experiência e cultura e contribuir para o debate metodológico no campo da saúde coletiva.

Abstract The production and analysis of narratives is a methodological instrumental used in qualitative studies in the field of Collective Health. The article locates some grounds for the use of the concept of narrative-experience as a methodological-conceptual strategy for this research field. The paradoxical articulation always present between the terms experience and narrative is investigated and situated theoretically from the concept framework in Walter Benjamin. For this author, there is no experience except in language. This is the crucial point from which narrative experience is situated in this text as an empty nucleus syntagm, a way of surrounding the central paradox of the transmission of spirit in language qualifying the bases for the concept use as mediation between experience and culture and contributing to the methodological debate in the field of Collective Health.

Antecedentes da reconceituação latino-americana na escola de Porto Alegre-RS / Latin american reconceptualization antecedents in the school of Porto Alegre-RS

Este artigo apresenta resultados da pesquisa "Serviço Social, memória e reconceituação latino-americana: antecedentes e expressões na escola de Porto Alegre ­ RS". A metodologia utilizada foi a análise documental do acervo histórico da escola, englobando currículos, planos de disciplinas e categorização de 517 trabalhos de conclusão de curso, no período de 1948 a 1975. Pelos resultados, verifica-se que a influência do desenvolvimentismo na escola foi impulsionada pela realização de Seminários Internacionais em Porto Alegre, na década de 1950, intensificada no início da década de 1960, no quadro da conjuntura política do governo Leonel Brizola. No período que antecede a realização do I Seminário Latino-Americano de 1965, sediado nesta escola, verificam-se duas tendências de renovação profissional: estrutural-participativa, articulada pelo docente Seno Cornely, com influência do pensamento cepalino, da técnica de Seminários na mobilização de comunidades, integrando DC, planejamento e política social no âmbito do Departamento de Assistência Social; e pedagógico-cultural, vinculada ao movimento de Cultura Popular, articulada pelas docentes Lucia Castillo e Zilah Totta sob a influência da esquerda católica, articulada com a Secretaria de Cultura, e influência intelectual de Ernani Fiori.

This article presents results of the research "Social Service, memory and Latin American reconceptualization: antecedents and expressions in the school of Porto Alegre ­ RS". The methodology used was documentary analysis of school historical collection, encompassing the curricula, disciplinary plans and categorization of 517 completion of course works from 1948 to 1975. By the results it is verified that the influence of developmentalism in school was boosted by the realization of International Seminars in Porto Alegre in the 1950s, intensified in the early 1960s in context of Leonel Brizola's government political conjuncture. In the period leading up to the First Latin American Seminar of 1965, in this school, there are two tendencies of professional renewal, namely: the structural-participative, articulated by Seno Cornely, marked by ECLAC thought influence, by technical seminars in mobilization of communities, integrating DC, planning and social policy within Social Assistance Department; and pedagogical-cultural, linked to Popular Culture movement, articulated by Lucia Castillo and Zilah Totta influenced by the Catholic left, in articulation with Secretary of Culture, under intellectual influence of Ernani Fiori.

Fundamentos físicos de los procesos del organismo humano / Physical principles of human organism processes

El trabajo que se presenta muestra un campo de aplicación del aparato cognitivo de la Física poco conocido, a pesar de la gran importancia que reviste su conocimiento para una mejor comprensión de muchos, sino todos, los procesos que se desarrollan en el organismo humano. Cuestiones tan importantes como las características físicas del movimiento de la sangre por arterias, el accionar del músculo esquelético o el proceso de transformación de energía que tiene lugar en el interior del cuerpo de los seres humanos, son algunos de los procesos que vienen descritos en el presente documento con una sencillez y simplicidad tales que este se constituye en una muy preciada ayuda, tanto para los fisiólogos como para los biólogos.

The paper presented shows a field of application of the cognitive apparatus of physics little known, despite the great importance which their knowledge for a better understanding of many, if not all, the processes that occur in the human body. Issues as important as the physical characteristics of movement in blood through arteries, the actions of skeletal muscle or the process of energy conversion that takes place in the interior of the human body are some of processes that are described in this document with a simplicity and such that the document is a very precious help physiologist for both biologists.

80 anos do Serviço Social no Brasil: a certeza na frente, a história na mão / 80 years of Social Work in Brazil: certainty ahead, history in hand

Resumo: O texto versa sobre o tema central do XV Congresso Brasileiro de Assistentes Sociais, realizado em setembro de 2016, em Pernambuco. Contextualiza o Serviço Social em tempos de crise econômica e política no país, com ampla investida contra o legado de direitos dos trabalhadores e avanço na privatização da coisa pública, salientando distintas formas de resistência de segmentos organizados de trabalhadores contra as desigualdades e disparidades sociais. Apresenta um quadro da situação atual do trabalho e formação acadêmica no Serviço Social brasileiro e efetua uma retrospectiva dessas oito décadas de seu desenvolvimento e renovação crítica. Registra alguns desafios ao Serviço Social em tempos de crise e conclui afirmando a necessidade de qualificar o exercício profissional, de retomar o trabalho de educação de base no apoio à organização e aos movimentos dos trabalhadores na defesa dos direitos conquistados e da democracia.

Abstract: The text is related to the central issue of the XVth Brazilian Social Workers' Congress, which took place in Pernambuco, in September 2016. It contextualizes the social work in times of economic and political crisis in the country, times in which there has been a wide assault on the legacy of workers' rights and advances in the privatization of public property. It is stressed the different forms of resistance against social inequalities and disparities by organized segments of workers. The article presents a frame of the current situation of the work and the academic education of the Brazilian Social Work, and it looks back on these eight decades of its development and critical renewal. It lists some challenges to Social Work in times of crisis, and it finishes by stating the need to qualify the professional practice, and to resume basic education work to support the workers' organization and movements to defend the rights gotten and democracy.

Study on the improvement of job competency among nursing students from the aspect of reforming the Fundamental Nursing courses / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To explore the effect on job competency by reforming Fundamental Nursing courses among undergraduate nursing students.Methods 86 nursing undergraduates in Grade 2011 were recruited as the control group receiving conventional teaching method,while 119 students in Grade 2012 were recruited as the experimental group receiving reform of fundamental nursing courses.The teaching outcomes were evaluated by using Job Competence of Nursing Students Evaluation Form and Medical education environment measurement table.Results The reform of fundamental nursing courses had significantly elevated all the aspects of professional competency among nursing undergraduates (P＜0.01),including personal traits,clinical ability,communication,critical thinking,specialty construction[(35.71 ± 3.82) vs.(33.41 ± 4.77),(55.29 ± 8.29) vs.(43.93 ± 8.68),(22.19 ± 2.71) vs.(19.88 ± 2.96),(16.83 ± 2.85) vs.(14.37 ± 2.71),(37.78 ± 6.31) vs.(32.42 ± 5.72)].Meanwhile,three dimensions of medical education environment for nursing students were also improved,including the student's perception of the teacher,self academic perception,self social perception [(35.23 ±5.72) vs.(31.28 6..22),(21.42 ±4.19) vs.(23.42 ±3.53),(19.44 ± 3.86) vs.(18.19 ± 3.47),t=-4.523、-3.503、-2.308,P＜0.01 or 0.05)].However,there was no significant differences in the aspects of learning perception,environment perception,and the total score of medical education environment (t=-1.866、0.725、-1.705,P＞0.05).Conclusions The professional competence and parts of the teaching environment around the nursing students have been elevated through the reform of Fundamental Nursing course.The reform also laid a solid foundation for the employment of nursing students.

Fundamentos psicológicos inmanentes y particulares para la formación laboral universitaria del médico general en Cuba / The immanent and peculiar psychological fundamentals of the formation of general doctors at work in the Cuban university

El reciente perfeccionamiento curricular de la carrera de Medicina, en la educación superior cubana, demanda estrategias ajustadas a la política económica y social actual de la Revolución que fortalezcan el vínculo de la enseñanza con la vida. Por consiguiente, la salud pública ha replanteado la necesidad de ampliar el escenario de la asistencia sanitaria esencial, para formar médicos generales familiarizados con los problemas de salud, que requiere afrontar la atención básica en el país y los compromisos internacionales; replanteamiento que conlleva la necesidad de asegurar los modos de actuación haciendo énfasis en los fundamentos que históricamente han distinguido el cuidado integral a la familia en Cuba. Se hizo una revisión bibliográfica al respecto para argumentar, con sustento teórico-metodológico, en el modelo de formación universitaria desde el trabajo, los fundamentos psicológicos inmanentes y particulares para la formación laboral universitaria del médico general en Cuba.

The recent curricular upgrading of medical studies in the Cuban higher education demands some strategies adapted to the current economic and social politics of the Revolution, which may strengthen the linking of teaching and the real life. As a matter of fact, the public health authorities have brought up again the need of extending the scenario of the essential health assistance in order to form general physicians acquainted with the health problems, who must deal with the basic medical care in the country and abroad. This reconsideration implies the need of assuring the performance modes, making emphasis on the principles that have traditionally supported the comprehensive care of the Cuban family. Consequently, a literature review was made to substantiate theoretically and methodologically the immanent and peculiar psychological fundamentals for the university formation of the general physician at work within the Cuban model of university education.

Panel discussion on the fundamentals of laparoscopic surgery program / 中华消化外科杂志

Laparoscopic surgery develops fast in China in recent years,and it is widely applied in different fields in the digestive surgery and satisfactory results are achieved.However,uniformed training,technique standard and quality control standard are missing in the education of laparoscopic surgery in China.Fundamentals of laparoscopic surgery (FLS) program is developed by the Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons in 2004.It is composed of congenital assessment and manual skills assessment.Twelve surgeons from China have taken FLS examination in April of 2014,and they introduced the content,features of FLS examination,some thoughts and inspirations on the training of laparoscopic surgery in China in this article.

Application study of the innovative pathway manuals in clinical clerkship of fundamentals of nursing / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of an innovative pathway manual in clinical clerkship of fundamentals of nursing.Methods A total of 120 undergraduate nursing students were sampled at random and divided into the experimental group(57 students) and the control group(60 students).The control group undertook the clinical clerkship according to the traditional syllabus,meanwhile,the experimental group referred to the innovative pathway manual.At the end of clinical clerkship,questionnaires were used to investigate the opinion of these two groups about the effectiveness of clinical clerkship.Results The experimental group were better than those of the control group in general self-evaluation of clinical clerkship,consolidation and improvement of knowledge by clinical clerkship,improvement of learning interest,practice of technique and promotion of occupation of emotion.Conclusions It is feasible and effective to use the innovative pathway manual in clerkship of fundamentals of nursing.

A questão do fundamento em freud: elementos para uma psicanálise aplicada / The question of fundamentals in freud: elements for applied psychoanalysis / La question du fondement freudien: éléments pour une psychanalyse appliquée / La cuestión de la base en freud: elementos para un psicoanálisis aplicado

Dentre as muitas reflexões que suscitam o debate sobre a inserção da psicanálise e dos psicanalistas no domínio da saúde mental, interroga-se aqui o valor de orientação que pode ter o que Freud entende quanto à questão dos fundamentos no que diz respeito ao campo da psicanálise. Para tal, enfocam-se as passagens da obra em que o autor discute tal questão, seja no âmbito dos escritos metapsicológicos, técnicos ou daqueles em que tece considerações acerca das possibilidades da psicanálise aplicada, incluída a própria aplicação à terapêutica.

Among the many reflections brought up by the debate on the presence of psychoanalysis and psychoanalysts in the area of mental health, the author discusses the place of Freud's proposals regarding the fundamentals of the field of psychoanalysis. To this end, passages by Freud that treat this question are analyzed, including points on metapsychology, analytic technique, and in passages where Freud discusses the possibilities of the applied psychoanalysis, including even therapeutics.

Parmi les multiples réflexions que suscite le débat sur l'insertion de la psychanalyse et des psychanalystes dans le domaine de la santé mentale, on s'interroge quant à la valeur de référence dans le champ de la psychanalyse prise par les fondements freudiens. Pour ce faire, les passages de l'œuvre dans lesquels l'auteur discute cette question sont mis en relief par le biais des écrits métapsychologiques, techniques ou ceux dans lesquels s'entremêlent des considérations autour des possibilités de la psychanalyse appliquée, incluant l'application à la thérapeutique en elle-même.

Entre las muchas reflexiones que suscita el debate acerca de la inserción del psicoanálisis y de los psicoanalistas en el dominio de la salud mental, en este trabajo se cuestiona el valor de orientar lo que Freud comprende acerca de la cuestión de los fundamentos del campo psicoanalítico. Con este objetivo se enfocan los pasajes en que el autor discute el asunto, sea en el ámbito de los escritos metapsicológicos, técnicos o en los que hace consideraciones acerca de las posibilidades de un psicoanálisis aplicado, incluyendo su aplicación a la terapéutica.