ABSTRACT
Objective To examine the dose-response relationship between gestational weight gain rate and the neonate birth weight.Methods A total of 18 868 women with singleton gestations who delivered between January 2006 and December 2013 were included in this study.Maternal and neonate details of these women were drawn from the Perinatal Monitoring System database.Gestational weight gain rate was defined as the total weight gain during the last and first prenatal care visits divided by the interval weeks.Both Multiple logistic regression analysis and restricted cubic spline methods were performed.Confounding factors included maternal age,education,pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI),state of residence,parity,gestational weeks of prenatal care entry,and sex of the neonate.Results The adjusted odds ratio for macrosomia was associated with gestational weight gain rate in lower pre-pregnancy BMI (OR=3.15,95％CI:1.40-7.07),normal (OR=3.64,95％CI:2.84-4.66) or overweight (OR=2.37,95％CI:1.71-3.27).The odds ratios of low birth weight appeared a decrease in those women with lower pre-pregnancy BMI (OR=0.28,95％CI:0.13-0.61) while the normal weight (OR=0.37,95％CI:0.22-0.64) group with gestational weight gain,the rate showed an increase.Association of gestational weight gain rate for macrosomia was found a S-curve in those term delivery women (non-linearity test P＜0.000 1).However,L-curve was observed for low birth weight and gestational weight gain rate in term births (non-linearity test P＜0.000 1).Conclusion A S-curve was seen between gestational weight gain rate and term delivered macrosomia while L-curve was observed among term delivered low birth weight neonates.
ABSTRACT
The quality and quantity of scientific research project are important indexes to evaluate the comprehensive scientific research strength of organizations.To improve the quality of grant and successful of application rate,we applied the circulation to scientific research management.We utilized fishbone analysis method to analyze the factors associated with successful rate of research projects and performed many countermeasures.According to the measurements,the quality of research project,management and successful rate has been continually improved.
ABSTRACT
It is getting very competitive in the application to Natural Science Foundation of China.To improve the chances of success in the application, we summarized and analyzed the peer review opinions for the 91 failed applications from 2004 to 2008. Problems were disclosed for these application projects in scientific significance, research content, research design, novelty, preparative research, research group,and application writing. Countermeasures were proposed for the department of research to improve the application quality.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To examine the pattern of gestational weight gain using maternal characteristics and pregnancy outcomes. METHODS: We used maternal weight data from 1,825 women who had noncomplicated pregnancy between Jan. 2002 and Aug. 2009. The rate of maternal weight gain in each trimester, the associations between gestational weight gain per trimester and maternal characteristics and pregnancy outcomes, and the relationship between maternal characteristics and trimester weight gain were analyzed. RESULTS: The average rate of weight gain (kg/week) was lowest during the first trimester (0.06+/-0.30), peaked during the second trimester (0.52+/-0.23), and slowed slightly in the third trimester (0.47+/-0.23). With the exception of infant sex, all six maternal characteristics and pregnancy outcomes included in the multivariate analyses (parity, maternal age, height, BMI, preeclampsia, gestational DM) were associated significantly with maternal weight gain in at least one trimester. The important maternal predictors of weight gain per trimester were prepregnancy BMI, height and age in the first trimester; prepregnacy BMI, parity and height in the second; and height, age and parity in the third. CONCLUSION: The pattern of gestational weight gain is associated with a number of maternal characteristics and pregnancy outcomes, and these relationships vary according to which trimester is being examined.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant , Pregnancy , Maternal Age , Multivariate Analysis , Parity , Pre-Eclampsia , Pregnancy Outcome , Pregnancy Trimester, First , Pregnancy Trimester, Second , Pregnancy Trimester, Third , Weight GainABSTRACT
To analyze the failure reasons for application of Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) and discuss their roles in improving the gain rate. By the retrospective method the failure reasons for natural nature science foundation were analyzed in Beijing Neurosurgery Institute from 2004 to 2008, and set up corresponding measures. Through summarizing the feed back opinions of 45 of application failure pro-jects it was found that the failures were dealt with insufficient of reliability, basis for argumentation , objec-tive ambiguous, personnel allocation unreseasonable and no time guarantee for project pedormance. A higher gain rate could be achieved by analyzing the failure reasons and making corresponding countermeasures.