Vólvulo de vesícula biliar / Gallbladder volvulus

El vólvulo de la vesícula biliar es una enfermedad rara y poco frecuente de difícil diagnóstico de manera preoperatoria, ya que las manifestaciones clínicas son atribuidas a otras enfermedades. Se presenta un caso de una paciente femenina de 84años de edad que ingresó en el servicio de cirugía general con un cuadro de dolor abdominal a tipo cólico en hipocondrio derecho acompañado de náusea y vómitos con restos de alimentos. Se realizó examen físico y se indicó ultrasonido abdominal. Se interpretó como una colecistitis aguda litiásica. Se impuso un tratamiento con ceftriaxone. Dado su evolución no desfavorable, cinco días después de su ingreso se realizó la colecistectomía donde se encuentra órgano volvulado. La biopsia confirma colecistitis aguda gangrenada. La paciente evolucionó satisfactoriamente. Tres días posteriores a la cirugía egresó de la institución(AU)

Gallbladder volvulus is a rare and infrequent disease difficult to diagnose preoperatively, as clinical manifestations are attributed to other diseases. A case is presented of an 84-year-old female patient who entered the general surgery service with abdominal colicky pain to the right hypochondrium accompanied by nausea and vomiting with food remains. A physical examination was performed and abdominal ultrasound was indicated. It was interpreted as acute lithiasic cholecystitis. Ceftriaxone was prescribed. Given the unfavorable evolution five days after admission, the cholecystectomy was performed, where the volvulus was found. The biopsy confirms acute gangrenous cholecystitis. The patient evolved satisfactorily. Three days after the surgery he was discharged from the institution(AU)

Torsión vesicular a propósito de un caso / On a case report of gallbladder torsion

La torsión vesicular es una entidad muy poco frecuente en la que se produce un giro de la vesícula biliar a lo largo de su eje con afectación de la irrigación vascular de forma completa o incompleta. En este artículo presentamos una paciente de 98 años, que fue hospitalizada para tratamiento quirúrgico urgente con diagnóstico de colecistitis aguda; durante el acto quirúrgico se detectó torsión vesicular. Esta enfermedad es frecuente en personas ancianas del sexo femenino. Su diagnóstico preoperatorio es muy difícil y generalmente se realiza en el acto operatorio. El tratamiento es siempre quirúrgico (detorsión de la vesícula y colecistectomía). Por las dificultades diagnósticas que presenta esta enfermedad es importante conocerla para evitar las complicaciones derivadas de una actuación médica tardía(AU)

Gallbladder torsion is an uncommon clinical entity. It is known to occur when of the gallbladder rotation occurs along the axis of the cystic duct and vascular pedicle, with affectation of vascular irrigation in a complete or incomplete form. This article presents a 98-year-old woman, who was hospitalized for emergency surgical treatment with a diagnosis of acute cholecystitis; gallbladder torsion was diagnosed in the operative act. This disease is more frequently found in females and aged patients. The positive preoperative diagnosis of gallbladder torsion is much difficult and is frequently carried out in the operative act. The chosen treatment is to distortion of the gallbladder and cholecystectomy. Knowing gallbladder torsion will permit avoiding the complications derived from an overdue medical intervention(AU)

Diagnosis and treatment of gallbladder torsion / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Gallbladder volvulus is defined as the rotation of the gallbladder on its mesentery along the axis of the cystic duct and cystic artery. It is an unusual and rare occurrence with a predilection for women in their sixth or eighth decades of life. Only about 400 cases have been reported in the literature. The etiology of gallbladder volvulus remains speculative; however, the presence of a redundant mesentery is a prerequisite for torsion. Clinical symptoms are non-specific. Some form of right upper quadrant abdominal pain is nearly always present. Although recent advances in radiographic studies have aided in the diagnosis of many diseases,radiographic studies remain nonspecific in diagnosing gallbladder torsion. Laboratory evaluations are often nonspecific. An elevated white blood cell count is a frequent finding.Liver function tests are commonly normal. Gallbladder volvulus leads to gangrene or perforation because of occlusive obstruction of biliary drainage and blood flow. With early diagnosis and surgical intervention, the disease maintains a low mortality. Here, we present a review of the literature about gallbladder volvulus in order to enhance recognition of gallbladder volvulus.