Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 24
Filter
1.
Rev. biol. trop ; 70(1)dic. 2022.
Article in English | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-1423035

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The prediction of potential fishing areas is considered one of the most immediate and practical approaches in fisheries and is an essential technique for decision-making in managing fishery resources. It helps fishermen reduce their fuel costs and the uncertainty of their fish catches; this technique allows to contribute to national and international food security. In this study, we build different combinations of predictive statistical models such as Generalized Linear Models and Generalized Additive Models. Objective: To predict the spatial distribution of PFZs of the dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus L.) in the Colombian Pacific Ocean. Methods: We built different combinations of Generalized Linear Models and Generalized Additive Models to predict the Catch Per Unit Effort of C. hippurus captured from 2002 to 2015 as a function of sea surface temperature, chlorophyll-a concentration, sea level anomaly, and bathymetry. Results: A Generalized Additive Model with Gaussian error distribution obtained the best performance for predicting PFZs for C. hipurus. Model validation was performed by calculating the Root Mean Square Error through a cross-validation approach. The R2 of this model was 50 %, which was considered suitable for the type of data used. January and March were the months with the highest Catch per Unit Effort values, while November and December showed the lower values. Conclusion: The predicted PFZs of C. hippurus with Generalized Additive Models satisfactorily with the results of previous research, suggesting that our model can be explored as a tool for the assessment, decision making, and sustainable use of this species in the Colombian Pacific Ocean.


Introducción: La predicción de zonas potenciales de pesca se considera uno de los enfoques más inmediatos y efectivos en las pesquerías, es una técnica importante para la toma de decisiones en el manejo de los recursos pesqueros. Ayuda a los pescadores a reducir su costo de combustible y también a disminuir la incertidumbre de sus capturas, esta técnica permite contribuir a la seguridad alimentaria nacional e internacional. En este estudio, se construyeron diferentes combinaciones de modelos estadísticos predictivos como modelos lineales generalizados y modelos aditivos generalizados. Objetivo: predecir la distribución espacial de las zonas potenciales de pesca del pez dorado (Coryphaena hippurus L.) en el Pacífico colombiano. Métodos: La variable de respuesta se expresó en escala de captura por unidad de esfuerzo, es decir, el número de individuos de C. hippurus capturados por un número total de anzuelos disponibles entre 2002 y 2015. Temperatura de la superficie del mar, concentración de clorofila, anomalía del nivel del mar y batimetría, se utilizaron como variables explicativas para los meses de estacionalidad de C. hippurus (noviembre - marzo). Resultados: El modelo con mejor rendimiento para la predicción de zonas potenciales de pesca fue un modelo aditivo generalizado con distribución de error gaussiana y función de enlace de registro, que se seleccionó en función del criterio de información de Akaike, el R2 y la desviación explicada. La validación del modelo se realizó calculando el error cuadrático medio a través de un enfoque de validación cruzada. El ajuste de este modelo fue del 50 %, lo que puede considerarse adecuado para el tipo de datos utilizados. Enero y marzo fueron los meses con mayor captura por unidad de esfuerzo y noviembre-diciembre los meses con menor. Conclusión: Las zonas potenciales de pesca previstas coincidieron satisfactoriamente con investigaciones anteriores, lo que sugiere que nuestro modelo es una herramienta poderosa para la evaluación, toma de decisiones y uso sostenible de los recursos pesqueros de C. hippurus en el Pacífico colombiano.


Subject(s)
Animals , Fishing Industry , Forecasting , Colombia , Geographic Information Systems
2.
Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion ; (12): 420-423, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1004280

ABSTRACT

【Objective】 To explore the relationship between climate factors and the number of street voluntary blood donors in Beijing and develop a reliable predictive model, so as to provide reference for donor recruitment. 【Methods】 The data of weather and the number of street blood donors from January 2018 to October 2019 were collected to formulate generalized additive model(GAM) and autoregressive integrated moving average model(ARIMA), and the predicative accuracy of the two models was assessed using data from November to December 2019. 【Results】 GAM indicated that the number of donors decreased when the wind force was 4 to 5 (95%CI: 0.805, 0.995), and the number on weekends and official holidays was 1.562 (95% CI: 1.510, 1.617) and 1.779 (95%CI: 1.035, 3.055) times that of the working day respectively. The number of blood donors increased with the elevation of temperature until 25℃, then declined with temperature increasing slowly. The two-day predictive accuracy of GAM and ARIMA was 92.14% and 90.55%, with overall accuracy at (84.46±11.12)% and (87.65±9.3)%, respectively. 【Conclusion】 Considering official holiday, strong wind and temperature, etc, the ARIMA model runs stable overall, while GAM is good at short-term prediction. The comprehensive use of two predictive models is helpful in guiding the recruitment of blood donors.

3.
Rev. polis psique ; 10(2): 9-32, 2020.
Article in Portuguese | INDEXPSI, LILACS | ID: biblio-1103127

ABSTRACT

O artigo aborda duas questões centrais no desenvolvimento contemporâneo da pesquisa em Saúde Mental: a inclusão dos saberes comunitários, ou da experiência, e a participação direta das pessoas na construção dos conhecimentos. Para isso, analisa a experiência de participação cidadã no projeto que traduziu e adaptou um instrumento que prevê um lugar central aos usuários na tomada de decisões do tratamento farmacológico em psiquiatria, o guia GAM (Gestão Autônoma da Medicação). Mais especificamente, procura-se compreender se a metodologia participativa permite transformar as relações de saber-poder e quais são suas implicações. Nossa conclusão é que, através de uma metodologia científica que inclui e valoriza os sujeitos em suas diferenças, a participação pôde tensionar posições hierárquicas pré-estabelecidas, favorecendo um contexto em que os cidadãos, mais empoderados e autônomos, ampliam a capacidade de atuação nas práticas da rede de pesquisa, contribuindo para a desconstrução de condições sócio-históricas de exclusão.


The article addresses two central issues in the contemporary development of Mental Health research: the inclusion of community knowledge, or experiential knowledge, and the active participation of people in the construction of knowledge. To this end, it analyzes the experience of citizen participation in the project that translated and adapted an instrument that places the individual at the center of the decision making of pharmacological treatment in psychiatry, the GAM (Gaining Autonomy & Medication Management) guide. More specifically, it seeks to understand whether the participatory methodology allows to transform the relations of knowledge-power and what are its implications. Our conclusion is that, through a scientific methodology that includes and values individuals in their differences, participation could change pre-established hierarchical structure, facilitating a context in which the citizens, more empowered and autonomous, have increased their capacity to influence the research practices, contributing to the deconstruction of the socio-historical structure and their situation of exclusion.


El artículo aborda dos cuestiones centrales en el desarrollo contemporáneo de la investigación en salud mental: la inclusión de los saberes comunitarios o de la experiencia, y la participación directa de las personas en la construcción del conocimiento cientifico. Para ello analiza la experiencia de participación ciudadana en el proyecto que tradujo y adaptó un instrumento que prevé un lugar central de los usuarios en la toma de decisiones del tratamiento farmacológico en psiquiatría, o guía GAM (Gestión Autónoma de la Medicación). Mas concretamente trata de comprender si una metodología participativa permite transformar las relaciones entre el saber y el poder y cuáles son sus implicaciones. Nuestra conclusión es que, mediante una metodología científica que incluye y pone en valor a los sujetos y a sus diferencias, la participación puede poner en cuestión posiciones jerárquicas preestablecidas, favoreciendo un contexto en el que los ciudadanos, más empoderados y autónomos, amplían la capacidad de actuación en las practicas de la red de investigación, contribuyendo a la deconstrucción de las condiciones sociohistóricas de la exclusión.


Subject(s)
Humans , Patient Participation , Research , Mental Health , Personal Autonomy , Mental Disorders/drug therapy , Translating , Brazil , Guidelines as Topic
4.
Rev. polis psique ; 10(2): 122-142, 2020. graf
Article in Portuguese | INDEXPSI, LILACS | ID: biblio-1103204

ABSTRACT

Neste artigo compartilhamos reverberações de uma experiência formativa na cidade de Santos, em São Paulo, e da articulação de um Observatório Internacional de Práticas de Gestão Autônoma da Medicação (GAM), com vistas à produção de estratégias emancipatórias e libertárias em saúde mental. Nos últimos anos, novas ações de cuidado baseadas no paradigma da Atenção Psicossocial vêm sendo propostas sem, entretanto, serem acompanhadas de forma a evidenciar suas potencialidades e limitações no cotidiano dos serviços. A partir de metodologia participativa e colaborativa, percebemos que a formação para a GAM traz materialidade aos princípios da Reforma Psiquiátrica Brasileira, possibilitando aos trabalhadores um exercício radical de problematização de aspectos sutis e pouco incorporados em suas práticas, convocando a um percurso a ser feito junto dos usuários. Especificamente, junto a pessoas com problemas com drogas, ressaltamos a inseparabilidade do debate sobre as drogas prescritas e não prescritas, presente nas experimentações e buscas pelo prazer, pelo alívio da dor, pela construção de lugar nas relações de consumo, e pela reinvenção de possíveis. Acreditamos que o Observatório GAM viabilizará a difusão da incidência da GAM sobre as diferentes das práticas manicomiais do contemporâneo, necessariamente, medicalizantes.


In this article, we share reverberations of a formative experience in the city of Santos, in São Paulo, and in the articulation of an International Observatory of Medication Management Practices (GAM), with a view to the production of emancipatory and libertarian statistics in mental health . In recent years, the new care actions adopted in the Psychosocial Care paradigm have been applied without, however, being monitored in order to highlight their potential and the unused permissions in daily services. Based on a participatory and collaborative methodology, it is perceived that the training for GAM brings materiality to the principles of the Brazilian Psychiatric Reform, allowing workers a radical exercise of problematizing subtle aspects and little incorporated in their practices, summoning a student to be done together of users. Specifically, with people with drug problems, we highlight the inseparability of the debate about prescription and non-prescription drugs, present in experiences and in the search for pleasure, for the wear of pain, for the construction of a place in consumption relationships and for the reinvention of possible ones. We believe that the GAM Observatory enables the dissemination of GAM on the different imposed, medicalizing manicomic practices of the contemporary.


En este artículo, compartimos las reverberaciones de una experiencia formativa en la ciudad de Santos, en São Paulo, y en la articulación de un Observatorio Internacional de Prácticas de Gestión de Medicamentos (GAM), con miras a la producción de estadísticas emancipadoras y libertarias en salud mental. . En los últimos años, las nuevas acciones de atención adoptadas en el paradigma de la Atención Psicosocial se han aplicado sin, sin embargo, ser monitoreadas para resaltar su potencial y los permisos no utilizados en los servicios diarios. Basado en una metodología participativa y colaborativa, se percibe que la capacitación para GAM aporta materialidad a los principios de la Reforma Psiquiátrica brasileña, permitiendo a los trabajadores un ejercicio radical de problematizar aspectos sutiles y poco incorporados en sus prácticas, convocando a un estudiante para que se hagan juntos de usuarios. Específicamente, con personas con problemas de drogas, destacamos la inseparabilidad del debate sobre los medicamentos recetados y no recetados, presente en las experiencias y en la búsqueda del placer, el desgaste del dolor, la construcción de un lugar en las relaciones de consumo y la reinvención de los posibles. Creemos que el Observatorio GAM permite la difusión de GAM en las diferentes prácticas manicómicas medicalizadas impuestas y contemporáneas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Patient Participation , Focus Groups , Health Human Resource Training , Patient Medication Knowledge , Mental Health Services , Brazil , Personal Autonomy , Mental Disorders/drug therapy
5.
Rev. polis psique ; 10(2): 143-165, 2020.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1103240

ABSTRACT

Este artigo discute uma inovação da pesquisa-intervenção participativa na abordagem da Gestão Autônoma da Medicação (GAM): a criação de uma etapa que nomeamos "Pesquisaapoio". Tal etapa se inspirou nos conceitos-ferramenta de Apoio Matricial e Apoio Institucional, instrumentos no campo brasileiro da saúde coletiva voltados à democratização dos serviços, à troca de experiências e saberes entre trabalhadores e à cogestão. A Pesquisaapoio teve objetivos semelhantes no serviço de saúde mental onde se realizou, um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS); contudo, diferentemente daqueles instrumentos, ela inclui em seu dispositivo os usuários dos serviços e seus familiares, ao invés de incluir apenas os trabalhadores. A Pesquisa-apoio permite contribuir com o debate sobre apoio no campo da saúde e ampliar a discussão sobre os dispositivos GAM. Em continuidade com os princípios da GAM, a Pesquisa-apoio permitiu aprofundar a participação dos usuários nos processos cogestivos, reforçando sua parceria com os trabalhadores e expandindo sua autonomia.


This article discusses an innovation of the participative intervention-research in the Autonomous Management of Medication (GAM) approach: the creation of a phase that we call "Support-research". The Support-research was inspired by the concepts/tools of Matrix Support and Institutional Support, instruments in the Brazilian collective health field aiming at democratizing services, sharing experiences and knowledge between workers and promoting co-management. The Support-research had similar objectives in the mental health service where it took place, in a Centre for Psychosocial Attention (CAPS); however, unlike those instruments, it had included users of the service and their family members in the support device. The Support-research contributes to the debate about support in health services and to extend the discussion about GAM devices. In line with GAM principles, the Support-research allowed users to deepen their participation in co-managed processes, strengthen their partnership with workers and expand their autonomy.


Este artículo discute una innovación de la investigación-intervención participativa en el abordaje de la Gestión Autónoma de la Medicación (GAM): la creación de una fase que llamamos "Investigación-apoyo". La Investigación-apoyo se inspiró en los conceptosherramienta de Apoyo Matricial y Apoyo Institucional, instrumentos en el campo brasileño de la salud colectiva dirigidos a la democratización de los servicios, al intercambio de experiencias y saberes entre trabajadores y la cogestión. La Investigación-apoyo tuvo objetivos similares en el servicio de salud mental donde se realizó, un Centro de Atención Psicosocial (CAPS); sin embargo, se diferenció de aquellos instrumentos por incluir en su dispositivo a los usuarios de los servicios y sus familiares, en vez de incluir sólo a los trabajadores. La Investigación-apoyo permite contribuir con el debate sobre apoyo en el campo de la salud y ampliar la discusión sobre los dispositivos GAM. En continuidad con los principios de la GAM, la Investigación-apoyo permitió profundizar la participación de los usuarios en los procesos cogestivos, reforzando su asociación con los trabajadores y expandiendo su autonomía.


Subject(s)
Patient Participation , Social Support , Qualitative Research , Group Processes , Mental Health Services , Brazil , Personal Autonomy , Mental Disorders/drug therapy
6.
Rev. polis psique ; 10(2): 227-246, 2020. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1103362

ABSTRACT

O Guia de Gestão Autônoma de Medicação (GAM), originalmente canadense e com versão brasileira publicada em 2012, se configura como um dispositivo que visa a contribuir para que sujeitos em tratamento de saúde se responsabilizem pelo seu próprio cuidado singularizado. Este texto narra pesquisa desenvolvida na cidade de Fortaleza (CE) com a GAM. Buscou-se potencializar esse instrumento para ações de saúde, por meio da composição experimental do Guia GAM, nomeado de GAM@. Uma peculiaridade de nossa experimentação é utilizar a GAM no cuidado de pessoas que fazem uso abusivo e/ou compulsivo de substâncias (drogas), em um CAPS-ad. A pesquisa tem quatro etapas e, neste texto, relatamos as duas primeiras: os estudos preliminares e a composição experimental GAM@. Indicamos como o material foi estruturado, quais os pressupostos teóricos orientaram essa produção e seus conteúdos principais.


The Autonomous Medication Management Guide (GAM) originally Canadian and with Brazilian version published in 2012, is configured as a device that aims to contribute to subjects in health treatment to be responsible for their own unique care. This text narrates research developed in the city of Fortaleza (CE) with GAM. We sought to enhance this instrument for health actions through the experimental composition of the GAM Guide, named GAM@. A peculiarity of our experimentation is to use GAM in the care of people who use substance abuse (or drugs) in a CAPS-ad. The research has four stages and in this text we report on the first two: preliminary studies and the experimental composition GAM@. We indicate how the material was structured, which theoretical assumptions guided this production and its main contents.


La Guía de Administración de Medicamentos Autónomos (GAM), originalmente canadiense y con versión brasileña publicada en 2012, está configurada como un dispositivo que tiene como objetivo contribuir a los sujetos en el tratamiento de salud para que sean responsables de su propio cuidado único. Este texto narra la investigación desarrollada en la ciudad de Fortaleza (CE) con GAM. Buscamos potenciar este instrumento para acciones de salud a través de la composición experimental de la Guía GAM, llamada GAM@. Una peculiaridad de nuestra experimentación es usar GAM en el cuidado de personas que usan abuso de sustancias (o drogas) en un anuncio de CAPS. La investigación tiene cuatro etapas y en este texto informamos sobre las dos primeras: estudios preliminares y la composición experimental GAM@. Indicamos cómo se estructuró el material, qué supuestos teóricos guiaron esta producción y sus principales contenidos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Self Care , Substance-Related Disorders/therapy , Personal Autonomy , Qualitative Research , Mental Health Services , Brazil , Mental Disorders/drug therapy
7.
Pesqui. prát. psicossociais ; 14(1): 1-13, jan.-mar. 2019.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1002785

ABSTRACT

Este artigo apresenta uma pesquisa-intervenção participativa, realizada no Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Infantojuvenil (Capsi), de Vitória/ES, Brasil. Durante mais de dois anos, realizamos uma oficina literária com crianças desse serviço: a "Oficina da Palavra". Sustentando-nos pela estratégia da Gestão Autônoma da Medicação (GAM), construímos um espaço de expressão e cogestão com crianças, no qual pudéssemos conversar sobre diagnóstico, medicação e tratamento, entendendo cada um desses vetores em constante diálogo com aquilo que compõe a vida e o dia a dia infantil: a escola, a família, as brincadeiras, o corpo. Assim, refletimos sobre a importância da literatura no acesso e reinvenção da experiência infantil. Trazemos cenas e pistas de nosso trabalho com as crianças que demonstram que o cultivo atencional assumiu uma função relevante na construção de um espaço potente de expressão e das transformações das relações tutelares estabelecidas com a criança, construindo outras possibilidades de relação consigo e com o mundo.


This article presents a participative intervention and research that took place in the Center for Child and Youth Psychosocial Care (Capsi), in Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil. For more than two years, we ran a literature workshop, called the "Atelier of Words", with children that were cared for by this service. Taking the GAM strategy for support, we built a space of expression and co-management with children, in which we could talk about their diagnosis, medications and healthcare, but also about everything that can be part of a child's life: their school, their family, their body, games, sports and leisure activities. Thus, we reflect upon the importance of literature in accessing and reinventing children's experience. We bring about scenes and clues of our work to demonstrate that cultivating attention became a relevant exercise, not only to create a potent space for expression, but also to help transform established, hierarchical relationships with children, in order to build new possibilities of connection with ourselves and the world.


Este artículo presenta una investigación-intervención participativa realizada en el Centro de Atención Psicosocial Infantojuvenil (Capsi) de Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brasil. Durante más de dos años, realizamos un taller literario con niños de este servicio: la "Oficina da Palavra". Sustentándonos por la estrategia de la Gestión Autónoma de Medicación (GAM), construimos un espacio de expresión y cogestión con niños, en el cual pudiéramos conversar sobre diagnóstico, medicación y tratamiento, entendiendo cada uno de esos vectores en constante diálogo con aquello que compone la vida y el día-a-día infantil: la escuela, la familia, los juegos, el cuerpo. Así, reflexionamos acerca de la importancia de la literatura en el acceso y reinvención de la experiencia infantil. Traemos escenas y pistas de nuestro trabajo con los niños que demuestran que el cultivo atencional asumió una función relevante en la construcción de un espacio potente de expresión y de las transformaciones de las relaciones tutelares establecidas con el niño, construyendo otras posibilidades de relación consigo y con el mundo.


Subject(s)
Reading , Attention , Child , Psychosocial Support Systems , Health Services , Literature , Mental Health Services
8.
Rev. polis psique ; 9(2): 67-86, 2019.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1100059

ABSTRACT

Este artigo abordou os efeitos de uma pesquisa da estratégia da Gestão Autônoma da Medicação em usuárias(os) da saúde mental que passam a ocupar o lugar de palestrantes em ambientes acadêmicos no interior do RS. Por objetivo geral pretendeu analisar como se constituíram esses investimentos e visibilidades no saber das(os) usuárias(os) para frequentarem essas universidades. Também intentou-se descrever as relações de saber e poder e os limites da prática de autonomia nas salas de aula. Por uma abordagem de inspiração foucaultiana, mapeouse o campo estratégico produzido pela pesquisa e os enunciados 'saber no corpo' e 'autonomia' pela experiência de seis participações dessas pessoas como palestrantes. Discute-se a produção de um corpo que encontra outras possibilidades além da relação com o medicamento e a loucura, assim como um processo de autonomia temporária no jogo de forças da ação de uns sobre os outros.


Este artículo abordó los efectos de una investigación de la estrategia de la Gestión Autónoma de la Medicación en usuarias(os) de la salud mental que pasan a ocupar el lugar de oradores en ambientes académicos en una ciudad interiorana del RS, Brasil. Por objetivo general pretendió analizar cómo se constituyeron esas inversiones y visibilidades en el saber de las usuarias(os) para frecuentar esas universidades. También se intentó describir las relaciones de saber y poder y los límites de la práctica de autonomía en las aulas. Por un enfoque de inspiración foucaultiana, se mapeó el campo estratégico producido por la investigación y los enunciados 'saber en el cuerpo' y 'autonomía' por la experiencia de seis participaciones de esas personas como oradores. Se discute la producción de un cuerpo que encuentra otras posibilidades además de la relación con el medicamento y la locura, así como un proceso de autonomía temporal en el juego de fuerzas de la acción de unos sobre otros.


This apper deals with the effects of a research on the strategy of Autonomous Medication Management in mental health users who are now taking the place of lecturers in academic settings in the countrtyside of the district of RS, Brazil. The purpose of the general objective was to analyze how these investments and visibilities were constituted in the knowledge of the users to attend these universities. We also attempted to describe the relations of knowledge and power and the limits of the practice of autonomy in classrooms. Through a Foucauldian-inspired approach, the strategic field produced by the research and the statements 'knowing in the body' and 'autonomy' were mapped by the experience of six participation of these people as lecturers. It discusses the production of a body that finds other possibilities beyond the relation with medicine and madness, as well as a process of temporary autonomy in the role of forces of the action of one on the other.


Subject(s)
Humans , Patient Participation/psychology , Universities , Personal Autonomy , Interpersonal Relations , Life Change Events , Psychiatry/history , Brazil , Mentally Ill Persons/psychology , Mental Disorders/drug therapy
9.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 38(4): 622-635, out.- dez.2018.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-970729

ABSTRACT

Este trabalho tem por objetivo geral analisar as formas de compreensão e exercício da cidadania pelos sujeitos envolvidos com a implementação da estratégia Gestão Autônoma da Medicação (GAM) na macrorregião referente à 4ª Coordenadoria Regional de Saúde do Estado do RS. Como objetivos específicos pretende descrever as relações de saber e poder em torno dos medicamentos psiquiátricos que produzem o agrupamento de ativistas do Guia GAM, bem como pensar os modos pelos quais as anormalidades passaram a ocupar o discurso da normalidade no exercício político. Pela abordagem participante do tipo apoio, esta pesquisa reuniu gestores, profissionais, acadêmicos e usuários, em rodas de conversas para troca de experiências sobre estratégia GAM. Os encontros e o conteúdo dos guias GAM do usuário e do moderador foram analisados pela perspectiva arqueogenealógica de Michel Foucault. Discutiu-se o campo de forças estabelecido pelos pesquisadores na liberdade dos envolvidos para constituição de um sujeito crítico da saúde mental, assim como as práticas de conscientização, de fazer ouvir e falar para a formação do ativismo do usuário. Conclui-se que o exercício da cidadania na saúde mental passa pela afirmação da vulnerabilidade psiquiátrica do sujeito e da problematização da normalidade pela inserção da anormalidade neste campo discursivo....(AU)


This paper aims to analyze the understandings and exercise of citizenship of subjects involved in the implementation of the GAM strategy in the macro-region of the 4th Regional Healthcare Coordination of Rio Grande do Sul. Its specific objectives are to describe the relations of knowledge and power around the psychiatric medications which the group of GAM activists is built upon, as well as to reflect on how abnormalities were introduced in the discourses of normality in the political exercise. Through a support participant observation, this study gathered managers, professionals, scholars and users in conversation circles to exchange experiences on GAM strategy. Both the meetings and the content of GAM user guide and moderator guide were analyzed based on the archeogenealogical perspective of Michel Foucault. The force field established by researchers considering the individuals' freedom to constitute a critical subject of mental health was discussed in this study, as well as the awareness practices of listening and speaking in building user activism. It can be concluded that the exercise of citizenship in mental health involves stating the psychiatric vulnerability of the subject and problematizing the principles of normality by introducing the abnormality in this discursive field....(AU)


Este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar las formas de comprensión y practica de la ciudadanía por parte de los sujetos involucrados en la implementación de la estrategia Gestión Autónoma de la Medicación (GAM) en la macro-región de la 4ª Coordinación Regional del Departamento de Salud del Estado de Rio Grande do Sul. Como objetivos específicos pretende describir las relaciones de saber y poder en torno a los medicamentos psiquiátricos que producen la agrupación de activistas de la Guía GAM, así como pensar los modos por los cuales las anormalidades pasaron a ocupar el discurso de la normalidad en el ejercicio político. Por el abordaje participante del tipo apoyo, esta investigación reunió a gestores, profesionales, académicos y usuarios, en ruedas de conversaciones para intercambio de experiencias sobre estrategia GAM. Los encuentros y el contenido de las guías GAM del usuario y del moderador fueron analizados por la perspectiva arqueogenalógica de Michel Foucault. Se discutió el campo de fuerzas establecido por los investigadores en la libertad de los involucrados para la constitución de un sujeto crítico de la salud mental, así como las prácticas de concientización, de hacer oír y hablar para la formación del activismo del usuario. Se concluye que el ejercicio de la ciudadanía en la salud mental pasa por la afirmación de la vulnerabilidad psiquiátrica del sujeto y de la problematización de la normalidad por la inserción de la anormalidad en este campo discursivo....(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Psychology , Pharmaceutical Preparations , Mental Health , Community Participation
10.
Neotrop. ichthyol ; 16(4): e180003, out. 2018. tab, graf, mapas
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-976300

ABSTRACT

Physical habitat simulation (PHABSIM) is an important step of the instream flow incremental methodology (IFIM), which is applied to establish environmental flow regimes. This study applied the PHABSIM in two reaches of the Velhas river basin, whose long-term discharges are similar but are under different degrees of impact. Suitability curves were obtained for fish species using traditional methods (Astyanax sp., Piabarchus stramineus, Piabina argentea and Serrapinnus heterodon) and generalized additive models for fish density (Astyanax sp., P. argentea and S. heterodon). The results of habitat use depended on the method for curves generation. Applying the suitability curves by traditional methods, different discharge scenarios were simulated. The flow increasing from a dry scenario to a discharge of 1 year of return promotes a possible habitat increase for all species. However, the same hydrological flow percentiles produce different habitat proportions in different rivers. This work demonstrates that regardless of how suitability curves for the Neotropical species are generated, caution should be taken when applying them. However, the PHABSIM method allows more complex analyses than the traditional approaches based on minimal flow estimations, which is usually applied in South America.(AU)


A simulação de habitat para espécies de peixes (PHABSIM) é uma etapa importante do método Instream Flow Incremental Methodology (IFIM), cuja aplicação está relacionada a determinação da vazão ecológica. O presente estudo aplicou PHABSIM em dois trechos da bacia do rio das Velhas, cujas vazões de médio prazo são semelhantes, mas sob condições de conservação ambiental diferente. Curvas de aptidão foram obtidas para Astyanax sp., Piabarchus stramineus, Piabina argentea e Serrapinnus heterodon através do método tradicional e ajustando modelo aditivos generalizados (Astyanax sp., P. argentea e S. heterodon). Os resultados sugerem uso de habitats diferentes dependendo do modelo utilizado para gerar as curvas. Aplicando as curvas obtidas pelo método tradicional no PHABSIM, diferentes cenários de vazão foram simulados. O aumento da vazão para cheia de um ano de retorno aumenta o habitat provável para todas as espécies. Entretanto, mesmo cenário de vazão, fornecido por análise de hidrológica de percentis de ocorrência, fornece diferente proporção de habitat em diferentes rios. O trabalho demonstra que curvas de aptidão para espécies neotropicais, independentemente da forma de geração, devem ser usadas com cautela. Entretanto, o método PHABSIM permite análises mais elaboradas do que as tradicionais estimativas de vazão mínima empregadas na América do Sul.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Ecosystem , Fishes/classification
11.
Rev. polis psique ; 7(3): 136-160, set.-dez. 2017.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1004424

ABSTRACT

Quando nos referimos a um trabalho em Saúde Mental com crianças e adolescentes, é quase inevitável nos deparar com os atravessamentos do universo escolar. Não poucas vezes os encaminhamentos de crianças para os serviços de saúde mental envolvem os ditos problemas de aprendizagem e a demanda por medicamentos e laudos, principalmente os relacionados ao Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade (TDAH). Neste artigo, esboçamos considerações sobre as práticas produzidas no entrecruzamento da Saúde Mental e a escola resultantes de uma pesquisa-intervenção que objetivou cartografar tais articulações e as pistas para construir um trabalho intersetorial. Para tanto, acompanhamos um grupo de Gestão Autônoma da Medicação (GAM), composto por pesquisadores, familiares de crianças em tratamento com psicotrópicos e trabalhadores do Centro de Atenção Psicossocial para infância e Adolescência de Vitória/ES (CAPSi). No grupo GAM, foi possível colocar em análise um cuidado que se dá cada vez mais desarticulado e, ao mesmo tempo, fortalecer um dispositivo de conversa e produção de práticas e saberes coletivos.


When dealing with mental health-work involving children and adolescents, it is almost inevitable to cross paths with the question of schooling. In a number of cases, the referral of children to mental health services derives from learning issues and entails requests for medication and evaluation, especially concerning Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). This work presents an analysis of practices emerging at the junction of mental health care and education as well as the results of a research-intervention that aims to map the articulation between these two fields in order to collect propositions or suggestions towards the creation of an intersectorial work. We followed an Autonomous Management of Medication (GAM) group composed of researchers, parents of children being treated with psychotropic drugs and workers at Vitória's Center for Childhood and Adolescence Psychosocial Care (CAPSi). Within the GAM group, it was possible to analyse a care practice that was becoming increasingly disjointed and, at the same time, to strengthen a mechanism for dialogue and producing collective practices and knowledge.


Cuando nos referimos a un trabajo en Salud Mental con niños y adolescentes, es casi inevitable encontrarnos con los atravesamientos del universo escolar. No pocas veces la remisión de niños y adolescentes para los servicios de salud mental envuelven los renombrados problemas de aprendizaje y la demanda por medicamentos y laudos; principalmente relacionados al Trastorno de Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad (TDAH). En este artículo esbozamos consideraciones sobre las prácticas producidas en el entrecruzamiento de la Salud Mental y la escuela, resultantes de una investigación-intervención que objetivó cartografiar tales articulaciones y las pistas para construir un trabajo intersectorial. En este sentido, acompañamos a un grupo de Gestión Autónoma de Medicación (GAM), compuesto por investigadores, familiares de niños y adolescentes en tratamiento con psicotrópicos y trabajadores del Centro de Atención Psicosocial para la Infancia y Adolescencia de Vitória/ES (CAPsi). En el grupo GAM, fue posible colocar en análisis un cuidado que se da cada vez más dislocado y, al mismo tiempo, fortalecer um dispositivo de conversación y producción de prácticas y saberes colectivos.


Subject(s)
Child Care/psychology , Mental Health Services , Methylphenidate/therapeutic use
12.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-169109

ABSTRACT

The high genotypic coefficient of variation, high heritability with high genetic advance as percent of mean was observed for grain yield per plant, total tillers per plant, productive tillers per plant and grains per panicle, whereas days to initiation of flowering, days to 50 % flowering and days to maturity had high heritability with low genetic adavance as per cent of mean.

13.
Recife; s.n; 2015. 85 p. ilus, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-870275

ABSTRACT

Este estudo avaliou o desempenho biológico e reprodutivo de machos de Aedes aegypti esterilizados por radiação gama e seu potencial para uso no controle da espécie, através da técnica do inseto estéril (TIE). A eficácia de esterilização de diferentes doses de radiação gama, 30, 40 e 50 Gy, foi avaliada em machos irradiados (MI) na fase de pupa. O seu efeito sobre a longevidade e competitividade de acasalamento dos MI, sobre a fecundidade e fertilidade das fêmeas acasaladas com estes machos, bem como de fêmeas também irradiadas (FI), foram parâmetros analisados. Os testes de competitividade foram conduzidos em gaiolas teladas (2 X 2 m) em condições simuladas de campo, onde foram liberados machos irradiados e machos não irradiados (MNI), nas seguintes proporções: 5:1, 10:1 e 15:1. Os resultados revelaram que o fitness biológico e reprodutivo dos mosquitos são afetados pela radiação, de modo que os efeitos são diretamente proporcionais a dose de radiação utilizada. O parâmetro de longevidade apresentou diferenças significativas, tanto quando os MI foram analisados de forma individual quanto em grupo. Para a maior dose, MI e FI viveram em média 19,6 ± 2,2 dias e 25,8 ± 2,2 dias, respectivamente, enquanto que no grupo controle, estes valores foram de 24,9 ± 2,5 dias e 30,4 ± 2,5 dias...


This study evaluated the biological and reproductiv e performance of Aedes aegyptimales sterilized by gamma radiation and its potential for use in controlling the species through the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT). The sterilization efficacy of different doses of gamma radiation, 30, 40 and 50 Gy, was assessed in irradiated males (IM) in the pupal stage. The direct effects of gama radiation on the longevity and competitiveness of IM, as well as the effect on the fecundity and fertility of females mated with these males, and also irradiated females (IF), were analyzed. The competitiveness was examined by tests conducted in large cage (2 x 2 meters) in semi field conditions where irradiated males (IM) and non-irradiated males (NIM) were released in the following proportions: 5:1, 10:1 and 15:1. The results revealed that the biological and reproductive fitness of the mosquitoes are affected by radiation, so that the effects are directly proportional to the radiation dose. The longevity parameter showed significant differences...


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Aedes/radiation effects , Gamma Rays , Infertility , Insect Control , Radiation Effects , Aedes/growth & development , Brazil , Competitive Behavior/radiation effects , Population Control/methods , Pest Control, Biological , Urban Area
14.
Journal of Forensic Medicine ; (6): 200-203, 2015.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-498867

ABSTRACT

Objective To establish the m ethod to analyze γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB ) and its precursors 1,4-butanediol (1,4-B D ) and gam m a-butyrolactone (GBL) in urine through LC-M S/M S and provide evi-dence for related cases. Methods GHB-d6 and M O R-d3 were used as the internal standard. The urine sam ple w as separated by LC after protein precipitation w ith m ethanol. The electrospray ion source w as for ionization. E ach com pound w as detected through m ultiple-reaction m onitoring (M R M ) m ode. Results The lim its of detection of GHB and its precursors 1,4-B D and GBLwere 0.1, 0.1 and 2μg/m L. The accuracy w as 87.6% -98.1% . The intra-day and inter-day precisions were less than 15% and m atrix ef-fects were higher than 80% . Conclusion The m ethod is high sensitive, sim ple, rapid, specific and w ith high reliability. This study has provided technical support and basic data for forensic cases involving GHB .

15.
Tropical Medicine and Health ; : 1-9, 2015.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-376551

ABSTRACT

Background: Time series analysis is suitable for investigations of relatively direct and short-term effects of exposures on outcomes. In environmental epidemiology studies, this method has been one of the standard approaches to assess impacts of environmental factors on acute non-infectious diseases (e.g. cardiovascular deaths), with conventionally generalized linear or additive models (GLM and GAM). However, the same analysis practices are often observed with infectious diseases despite of the substantial differences from non-infectious diseases that may result in analytical challenges. Methods: Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, systematic review was conducted to elucidate important issues in assessing the associations between environmental factors and infectious diseases using time series analysis with GLM and GAM. Published studies on the associations between weather factors and malaria, cholera, dengue, and influenza were targeted. Findings: Our review raised issues regarding the estimation of susceptible population and exposure lag times, the adequacy of seasonal adjustments, the presence of strong autocorrelations, and the lack of a smaller observation time unit of outcomes (i.e. daily data). These concerns may be attributable to features specific to infectious diseases, such as transmission among individuals and complicated causal mechanisms. Conclusion: The consequence of not taking adequate measures to address these issues is distortion of the appropriate risk quantifications of exposures factors. Future studies should pay careful attention to details and examine alternative models or methods that improve studies using time series regression analysis for environmental determinants of infectious diseases.

16.
Tropical Medicine and Health ; 2014.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-379214

ABSTRACT

Background: Time series analysis is suitable forinvestigations of relatively direct and short-term effects of exposures on outcomes.In environmental epidemiology studies, this method has been one of the standardapproaches to assess impacts of environmental factors on acute non-infectious diseases(e.g. cardiovascular deaths), with conventionally generalized linear or additivemodels (GLM and GAM). However, the same manner of practices of this method is observedwith infectious diseases despite of the substantial differences fromnon-infectious diseases which may result in analytical challenges. Methods: Following Preferred ReportingItems for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guideline, systematic review wasconducted to elucidate important issues in assessing the associations betweenenvironmental factors and infectious diseases using time series analysis withGLM or GAM. Published studies in relation to associations between weatherfactors, and malaria, cholera, dengue, or influenza were targeted. Findings: Issues regarding theestimation of susceptible population and exposure lag times, adequacy ofseasonal adjustments, the presence of strong autocorrelations, and a lack of smallerobservation time unit of outcomes (i.e. daily data) were raised from our review.These concerns may be attributed to the features specific to infectious diseases,such as transmissions among individuals and complicated causal mechanisms. Conclusion: The consequence of not takingadequate measures to address these issues is distortion of the appropriate riskquantifications of exposures factors. The future studies are required careful attentionsto details, and recommended to examine alternative models or methods thatimprove studies with time series regression analysis for environmental determinantsof infectious diseases.

17.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 18(10): 2879-2887, Out. 2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-686789

ABSTRACT

Autonomous Medication Management (GAM) is an innovative approach developed in partnership with medication users. It takes their subjective experience into account and strives to place the individual at the center of pharmacological treatment in psychiatry with a view to improving well-being and quality of life. It creates spaces of open dialogue on the issue of medication amongst users, physicians and their family and friends. This article is derived from a research study and presents the principles, practices and main impacts of GAM on how people relate to their medications and the physicians who prescribe them. The major positive effects were the users' clearer understanding of their experience of taking psychiatric medication and their rights, the reduction or elimination of sudden and unsupervised treatment interruptions and the users' sense of having more control over their treatment. It includes inner experience and life, an improved relationship with professionals and space for negotiation with the physician and, lastly, changes to prescriptions that significantly improved well-being and recovery. The distinguishing features of GAM are described and compared with other approaches, giving a voice to people who take medication.


A Gestão Autônoma da Medicação (GAM) é uma abordagem inovadora desenvolvida em parceria com usuários que fazem uso de medicação, considerando sua experiência subjetiva, se esforçando para colocar a pessoa no centro do tratamento farmacológico psiquiátrico, visando uma melhora no bem-estar e na qualidade de vida, criando oportunidades de expressão, diálogo e apoio entre as pessoas, os profissionais e seus próximos. Este artigo, resulta de uma pesquisa que apresenta os princípios, as práticas e os principais impactos da GAM no modo como as pessoas se relacionam com seus medicamentos e com os médicos que as prescrevem. Entre os principais efeitos observados, encontramos uma melhor compreensão da experiência, de seus direitos e do tratamento farmacológico; uma redução, ou eliminação das interrupções súbitas de tratamento e sem acompanhamento; uma percepção de maior controle sobre seu tratamento, sua experiência interior e sua vida; uma melhora no relacionamento entre profissionais com espaço para negociação; e mudanças nas prescrições, o que mostrou grande impacto no bem-estar, qualidade de vida na comunidade e restabelecimento (recovery). Características importantes da GAM são também identificadas em outras abordagens, dando voz às pessoas que utilizam medicação.


Subject(s)
Humans , Medication Adherence , Mental Disorders/drug therapy , Patient Satisfaction , Personal Autonomy , Psychotropic Drugs/therapeutic use , Quality of Life , Self Care
18.
The Korean Journal of Parasitology ; : 147-154, 2013.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-103960

ABSTRACT

To control coccidiosis without using prophylactic medications, a DNA vaccine targeting the gametophyte antigen Gam56 from Eimeria maxima in chickens was constructed, and the immunogenicity and protective effects were evaluated. The ORF of Gam56 gene was cloned into an eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1(zeo)+. Expression of Gam56 protein in COS-7 cells transfected with recombinant plasmid pcDNA-Gam56 was confirmed by indirect immunofluorescence assay. The DNA vaccine was injected intramuscularly to yellow feathered broilers of 1-week old at 3 dosages (25, 50, and 100 microg/chick). Injection was repeated once 1 week later. One week after the second injection, birds were challenged orally with 5x10(4) sporulated oocysts of E. maxima, then weighed and killed at day 8 post challenge. Blood samples were collected and examined for specific peripheral blood lymphocyte proliferation activity and serum antibody levels. Compared with control groups, the administration of pcDNA-Gam56 vaccine markedly increased the lymphocyte proliferation activity (P<0.05) at day 7 and 14 after the first immunization. The level of lymphocyte proliferation started to decrease on day 21 after the first immunization. A similar trend was seen in specific antibody levels. Among the 3 pcDNA-Gam56 immunized groups, the median dosage group displayed the highest lymphocyte proliferation and antibody levels (P<0.05). The median dosage group had the greatest relative body weight gain (89.7%), and the greatest oocyst shedding reduction (53.7%). These results indicate that median dosage of DNA vaccine had good immunogenicity and immune protection effects, and may be used in field applications for coccidiosis control.


Subject(s)
Animals , Antibodies, Protozoan/blood , Antigens, Protozoan/genetics , Cell Proliferation , Chickens , Coccidiosis/immunology , Disease Models, Animal , Eimeria/genetics , Injections, Intramuscular , Lymphocytes/immunology , Protozoan Vaccines/administration & dosage , Vaccination/methods , Vaccines, DNA/administration & dosage
19.
Environmental Health and Toxicology ; : e2011009-2011.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-101243

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: In order to evaluate which temperature index is the best predictor for the health impact assessment of heat stress in Korea, several indexes were compared. METHODS: We adopted temperature, perceived temperature (PT), and apparent temperature (AT), as a heat stress index, and changes in the risk of death for Seoul and Daegu were estimated with 1degrees C increases in those temperature indexes using generalized additive model (GAM) adjusted for the non-temperature related factors: time trends, seasonality, and air pollution. The estimated excess mortality and Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC) due to the increased temperature indexes for the 75th percentile in the summers from 2001 to 2008 were compared and analyzed to define the best predictor. RESULTS: For Seoul, all-cause mortality presented the highest percent increase (2.99% [95% CI, 2.43 to 3.54%]) in maximum temperature while AIC showed the lowest value when the all-cause daily death counts were fitted with the maximum PT for the 75th percentile of summer. For Daegu, all-cause mortality presented the greatest percent increase (3.52% [95% CI, 2.23 to 4.80%]) in minimum temperature and AIC showed the lowest value in maximum temperature. No lag effect was found in the association between temperature and mortality for Seoul, whereas for Daegu one-day lag effect was noted. CONCLUSIONS: There was no one temperature measure that was superior to the others in summer. To adopt an appropriate temperature index, regional meteorological characteristics and the disease status of population should be considered.


Subject(s)
Air Pollution , Climate Change , Health Impact Assessment , Hot Temperature , Korea , Seasons
20.
Acta biol. colomb ; 15(1): 178-194, abr. 2010.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-634941

ABSTRACT

Esta investigación se llevó a cabo para determinar la distribución espacial de la densidad (captura por unidad de área) - CPUA y de la estructura de tallas de Eucinostomus argenteus y su relación con las variables ambientales en la zona norte del Caribe colombiano. Los datos fueron se tomaron durante un crucero de investigación realizado en la época seca (Febrero de 2006) entre Puerto Estrella ( La Guajira ) y Santa Marta (Magdalena). Las muestras biológicas se colectaron con una red de arrastre (en estratos de profundidad < 50 m y 50- 100 m ) siguiendo un diseño de muestreo sistemático. Los individuos maduros y de tallas mayores se encontraron distribuidos principalmente entre Manaure y Punta Gallinas, donde la plataforma continental es muy ancha y la oceanografía local esta modulada por la surgencia estacional. Los peces juveniles, se distribuyeron al sur del área de estudio, entre Boca Camarones y el Río Buritaca, cerca de la costa. En éste sector la plataforma es muy estrecha y con alta productividad biológica por la presencia de ríos, manglares y pastos marinos, sirviendo como zona de alimentación y refugio para E. argenteus.En general, los resultados sugieren que las variables ambientales son importantes para la distribución espacial de la abundancia y las tallas de E.argenteus en la zona norte del Caribe colombiano, siendo la temperatura y la profundidad las variables que predijeron mejor la distribución espacial de la especie.


This research was carried out to determine the spatial distribution of density (catch per unit area) - CPUA and size structure of Eucinostomus argenteus and their relationship with environmental variables in the north zone of the Colombian Caribbean sea. The data comes from a survey of fisheries research during the dry season (February of 2006) between Puerto Estrella ( La Guajira ) and Santa Marta ( Magdalena ). Biological samples were taken with a bottom trawl net (< 50 m and 50- 100 m stratum of depth) following a systematic design survey. The mature fishes with higher sizes were mainly located in the sector between Manaure and Punta Gallinas, where the continental shelf is very wide and the local oceanography is modulated by the seasonal upwelling. The juvenile fishes were found toward the south of the study area between Boca Camarones and the Rio Buritaca, close to the coast. In this sector the continental shelf is very narrow with high biological productivity for the presence of rivers, mangroves and sea grasses, which serve as feeding grounds and nursery habitat for E. argenteus. In general, our results suggest that environmental conditions were important determinants of spatial distribution of abundance and sizes of E. argenteus in the north zone of the Colombian Caribbean Sea, with temperature and depth as variables that better predict the spatial distribution of this specie.

SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL