ABSTRACT
Introducción. El manejo de pacientes con cáncer gástrico está determinado por el estadio preoperatorio y requiere de una estrategia multidisciplinaria. La cirugía radical, especialmente en pacientes con estadios tempranos, es potencialmente curativa. El abordaje por vía laparoscópica ofrece ventajas sobre la vía abierta, sin embargo, en nuestro medio no hay información en cuanto a resultados oncológicos y posoperatorios tempranos. Métodos. Estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo, de tipo transversal, en pacientes con cáncer gástrico llevados a gastrectomía laparoscópica con intención curativa, entre el 2014 y el 2019, en tres instituciones de la ciudad de Medellín. Se analizaron los datos demográficos, los resultados posoperatorios y oncológicos a corto plazo. Resultados. Se incluyeron 75 pacientes sometidos a gastrectomía laparoscópica. La mediana de edad fue de 64 años y el estadio más frecuente fue el III. La gastrectomía fue subtotal en 50 pacientes (66,7 %) y total en 25 pacientes (33,3 %). Se hizo disección linfática D2 en 73 pacientes (97,3 %) con una mediana en el recuento ganglionar de 27. La tasa de resección R0 fue de 97,3 %. La mediana de estancia hospitalaria fue de seis días. La tasa de complicaciones mayores fue del 20 % y la mortalidad a 90 días fue del 4 %. Discusión. La calidad oncológica de la gastrectomía laparoscópica fue adecuada y cumple con las recomendaciones de las guías internacionales. Si bien la morbilidad sigue siendo alta, tiene una tasa de sobrevida del 96 % a 90 días.
Introduction. The management of patients with gastric cancer is determined by the preoperative stage and requires a multidisciplinary strategy. Radical surgery, especially in patients with early stages, is potentially curative. The laparoscopic approach offers advantages over the open approach, however, in our setting there is no information regarding oncological and early postoperative results.Methods. Retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study in patients with gastric cancer who underwent laparoscopic gastrectomy with curative intent, between 2014 and 2019, in three institutions in the city of Medellín. Demographic data, postoperative and short-term oncological results were analyzed.Results. Seventy-five patients undergoing laparoscopic gastrectomy were included. The median age was 64 years and the most frequent stage was III. Gastrectomy was subtotal in 50 patients (66.7%) and total in 25 patients (33.3%). D2 lymphatic dissection was performed in 73 patients (97.3%) with a median lymph node count of 27. The R0 resection rate was 97.3%. The median hospital stay was six days. The major complication rate was 20% and the 90-day mortality was 4%.Discussion. The oncological quality of the laparoscopic gastrectomy was adequate and complies with the recommendations of international guidelines. Although morbidity remains high, it has a 96% survival rate at 90 days
Subject(s)
Humans , Postoperative Complications , Stomach Neoplasms , Gastrectomy , Medical OncologyABSTRACT
Objetivo: analisar a relação entre os níveis séricos do antígeno carcino-embrionário CEA e o acometimento linfonodal regional no pré-operatório do câncer gástrico. Método: realizado estudo transversal de prevalência de 30 (trinta) doentes com diagnóstico histopatológico de adenocarcinoma gástrico, nos quais o estadiamento clínico não evidenciou doença disseminada ou irressecável. Com esses dados procedeu-se a coleta de amostras de sangue para dosagem do CEA; a seguir, os pacientes foram submetidos à laparotomia com estadiamento intra-operatório. Caso não houvesse sinais de irressecabilidade ou metástase, procedia-se à ressecção radical pretensamente curativa que consistia de gastrectomia subtotal ou total, omentectomia maior e menor e linfadenectomia a D2. Procedeu-se o exame microscópico de todos os linfonodos ressecados os quais foram, previamente, corados com hematoxilina-eosina. Resultado: CEA alterado no pré-operatório em 06 (seis) pacientes (20%). Observou-se metástase, em um ou mais linfonodos em 17 doentes (56,66%). Conclusão: não houve correlação significante entre níveis séricos pré-operatórios do CEA com acometimento linfonodal regional em pacientes com câncer gástrico submetidos à ressecção gástrica com intenção curativa (p>0,05).
Objective: study a possible relation between serum levels of CEA and the lymph-node acess of the patient who have gastric adenocarcinoma. Method: transversalis analysis of 30 (thirty) patients carriers of gastric adenocarcinoma whose clinical and surgical stages have not showed disseminated or non-ressectable disease. With this data, blood samples were colIected in order to peiform the tumor markers dosage previously mentioned. Then, they were submitted to laparotomy with intraoperatory staging. Whether there were no sings of irressecabilty or metastases, a pretentiously curative gastrectomy, which could be total or subtotal, with major and minor omentectomy and D2 lyphadenectomy was performed. AlI lymph-nodes ressected from patients were submitted to hystopathological exam with hematoxilin-eosin preparation. Results and conclusions: CEA levels were above normal in six patients (20%). However, there were metastases in on or more lymph-nodes resected from seventeel patients (56,66%). In order to perform a statistical study of a possible relation between these markers serum levels and lymph-node metastases, Binominal, Kolmogorov-Smimov and Fisher tests were used, according to the studied variables. FinalIy, there was no significant correlation between pre-operatory serum levels of the studied markers and regional lymphnodal metastases in gastric cancer patients submitted to gastric ressection with curative intention (p>0,05).