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Periodontal disease is a common oral disease that can cause irreversible damage of periodontal support tissue. Studies on the relationship between periodontal disease and malignancies have also increased. In this review, the relationship between periodontal disease and gastrointestinal malignancies (e.g., stomach cancer, colorectal cancer, and pancreatic cancer), lung cancer, and breast cancer are discussed. The related mechanisms are summarized in terms of four aspects, namely, immu-nity, inflammation, gene, and microbiota and its products, to provide novel methods for the prevention and early diagnosis of malignancies.
Subject(s)
Humans , Microbiota , Neoplasms , Periodontal Diseases , Periodontium , ResearchABSTRACT
Background Advancements in diagnostic modalities have brought many hidden etiological causes of unilateral vocal cord paralysis (UVCP) to light. Here we are presenting two cases of gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies with metastases causing UVCP which can further add to another rare cause of UVCP. Case summary We are presenting a case of 40 year male with metastatic periampullary carcinoma leading to UVCP and another case of 45 year female with rectal carcinoma further causing UVCP. Both patients were under treatment while during follow-up, symptoms of UVCP were observed which changed our perspective towards cases of UVCP. Conclusion Vocal cord palsy is a symptom of an underlying disorder and not a disease. In above case reports metastases are the commonest etiology for vocal cord palsy. Relevant investigations have to be conducted in order to diagnose the etiology and the modality of treatment varies depending on the etiology of the condition.
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Objective: Worldwide gastrointestinal malignancies are a leading cause of both mortality and morbidity with marked epidemiological differences in various geographic and ethnic populations. The objective of current study was to study the prevalence, age and sex distribution and to analyze variations in histopathological lesions of gastrointestinal malignancies. Method: The entire specimens were fixed overnight in 10% formalin, processed using automatic tissue processor and stained with routine Haematoxylin and Eosin stain. Results and conclusion: Total 98 cases of gastrointestinal malignancies were analyzed; out of these, total 61 were male patients while 37 were female patients with overall male to female ratio of 1.65:1. The commonest affected age group was 46-60 years with more than 50% cases of gastrointestinal malignancies in this age group. The youngest patient was 14 years of age while the oldest was 92 years old. Adenocarcinoma was the commonest histopathological diagnosis with 70 cases followed by 15 cases of squamous cell carcinoma. We also found cases of malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumour, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, carcinoid tumour and malignant melanoma at different anatomical location of gastrointestinal tract.
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Sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) are the nodes in direct communication with the primary tumor and are therefore the first group of nodes to be involved in lymphatic metastasis. Though the role of SLN biopsy is well established in cancers of the breast and melanoma, its role in gastrointestinal malignancies is still evolving and controversial. In this paper, the literature is reviewed with respect to the status of SLN biopsy in gastrointestinal malignancies.
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Surgeons are often faced with the problem of bowel obstruction in a patient who has previously undergone operation for malignant disease. Mechanical obstruction secondary to recurrent carcinoma is associated with poor survival. Surgical attempts to relieve malignant obstruction have significant morbidity and mortality rates and limited success in resolving symptoms. Then there is a temptation to assume that the obstruction is due to advanced malignancy and that death is inevitable. But a benign, correctable cause of obstruction will be found in about 25% of these patients. For this study, we had selected 63 cases of small bowel obstruction in patients with a previous operation for cancer which were admitted at Korea University Hospital between 1990 to 1995. The 43 men and 20 women had a mean age of 55.5 years. Forty one cases(65%) had obstruction due to recurrent carcinoma. The location of primary malignancies were as follows: 47 of the patients(74.6%) had adenocarcinoma of the stomach, 16 patients(25.4%) had adenocarcinoma of the colorectum. The median interval from the original operation for the malignancies until the development of bowel obstruction was 17.5 months. In our study, the small bowel obstruction due to recurrent carcinoma was frequently predicted when ascites and pleural effusion were present. We concluded that patients with no known recurrence or a short interval to the development of mechanical obstruction should be aggressively treated with surgery and for patients with known abdominal recurrence in whom nonoperative therapy fail, the surgical palliation are inevitable.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Adenocarcinoma , Ascites , Korea , Mortality , Pleural Effusion , Recurrence , StomachABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic significance of CEA specific antibodies in the serum of patients with gastrointestinal malignancies. Methods: The CR4 levels were tested by an.The circulating antibodies against CEA were tested by an enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) .The specificity of the CEA antibodies was carried out by an inhibition assay. Results: The CEA was elevated( ≥15 ng/ml) in 21 patients with gastrointestinal malignancies(30.9%) and in 1 patient with benign gastrointestinal conditions( hyperplastic polys, ulcers, pancreatitis, etc)(3.3%) .Anti-CEA IgG antibodies were detected in 24 patients with gastrointestinal malignancies(35.3%) and in 1 health individual (2.5%).Conduskm: In this study ,a high number of gastrointestinal malignancies patients have circulating CEA specific antibodies in their sera and these antibodies may be used as diagnostic markers.