ABSTRACT
Resumen El vólvulo gástrico es una entidad rara que puede presentarse de manera aguda o crónica y se acompaña de síntomas inespecíficos. Es fundamental su rápida identificación, ya que tiene alta mortalidad y el tratamiento oportuno de esta patología determina el pronóstico del paciente. A continuación, presentamos el caso de una paciente femenina de 89 años, que consulta por cuadro clínico de dolor torácico atípico, con documentación en radiografía de tórax de vólvulo gástrico organoaxial, en quien se realiza inicialmente devolvulación endoscópica con éxito. Sin embargo, en las imágenes de control se evidencia recurrencia del vólvulo, por lo cual se realizó manejo quirúrgico con hiatoplastia y funduplicatura tipo Toupet, además de gastrostomía percutánea de fijación, procedimiento realizado sin complicaciones, con los que se logró la devolvulación completa sin recurrencia.
Abstract Gastric volvulus is a rare condition that can occur acutely or chronically and is accompanied by nonspecific symptoms. Its rapid identification is critical since it has high mortality rate and timely treatment determines the patient's prognosis. The following is the case of an 89-year-old female patient who presented with atypical chest pain, with organoaxial gastric volvulus on chest X-ray, in whom endoscopic devolvulation was initially performed successfully. However, control imaging scans revealed recurrence. Therefore, surgical management included hiatoplasty and Toupet fundoplication, as well as percutaneous fixation gastrostomy, a procedure that was completed without complications and resulted in complete devolvulation without recurrence.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged, 80 and over , Stomach Volvulus , Gastrostomy , Therapeutics , RadiographyABSTRACT
Vólvulo gástrico es la mal rotación del estómago en uno de sus ejes dentro de la cavidad abdominal pudiendo comprometer rápidamente la vida del paciente. El estómago anatómicamente es una víscera intraabdominal que está sujeta en varias de sus caras por ligamentos y estructuras que la mantienen relativamente fija en su posición, permitiéndole un rango de movimiento suficiente como para llevar a cabo su trabajo digestivo. Sin embargo, posee un eje natural sobre el cual tiende a pivotar cuando el movimiento es enérgico y amplio elevándose el riesgo de producirse una torsión en algunos de sus puntos no fijos. En otros casos desde el punto de vista patológico adquiriría también un eje transversal que le serviría a su vez de segundo eje de torsión, situación en especial frecuente en pacientes pediátricos. Si se diera el caso, puede producirse un vólvulo en los puntos previamente mencionados que como cualquier parte del tubo digestivo que sufre una compresión de su tejido someterá su vitalidad al peligro de isquemia y sufrimiento tisular, dando como presentación relacionada un cuadro de dolor moderado a severo y distensión abdominal que sumados a náuseas con o sin vómitos dan como resultado una signo sintomatología poco específica del Vólvulo Gástrico, razón por la cual su diagnóstico es difícil y necesaria su pronta resolución por los riesgos que conlleva; como es el caso del paciente describimos en éste caso.
Gastric volvulus is the wrong rotation of the stomach on one axis within the abdominal cavity can quickly compromise the patient's life. The stomach is anatomically an intra-abdominal organ that is subject to a number of its sides by ligaments and structures that remain relatively fixed in position, allowing a range of enough movement to carry out its digestive work. However, it has a natural axis around which tends to pivot when the movement is strong and broad and raises the risk of torsion can occur in some of its non-fixed points. In other cases the pathological point of view also acquires a transverse axis that would turn second torsion shaft, a situation particularly common in pediatric patients. If it were the case, a volvulus can occur in previously mentioned that as any part of the digestive tract that undergoes compression of the fabric shall submit its vitality to the danger of ischemia and tissue suffering, giving as related: pain points, severe abdominal distension, nausea with or without vomiting giving as a result unspecific diagnostic of gastric volvulus, which is why its diagnosis is difficult and necessary for their prompt resolution risks; as is the case of the patient we describe below.
ABSTRACT
Context - gastric volvulus is an acquired, life-threatening condition in which the stomach rotates upon itself. Objective - to describe the application of laparoscopic gastropexy in the case of severe gastric volvulus presentedby an elderly female. Method - a 69 year old woman presenting severe abdominal pain with, retching and the incapacity to vomit, small dysphagia and sensation of post-prandial fullness was admitted to Hospital São Lucas de Governador Valadares, Brazil. Following clinical examination, the patient was submitted to plain and contrast x-rays of the abdomen and chest, computed tomography of the abdomen and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Laparoscopic gastropexy was performed in which the diaphragmatic hernia was reduced, the hiatus sutured, and anti-adhesive polypropylene mesh applied for fixation of the stomach. Results - the clinical, radiological and imaging features were typical of gastric volvulus. Rotation of the stomach was successfully corrected by laparoscopy and the patient was discharged from hospital three days after surgery. One month later, the patient was totally asymptomatic with respect to the igestive tract. Conclusions - an adult female patient suffering from acute gastric volvulus was successfully treated using a laparoscopic approach applied ten days after admission to hospital. Early diagnosis and the prompt surgical correction of such cases are crucial in reducing mortality in gastric volvulus.
Contexto- volvo gástrico é uma condição adquirida, com risco de vida, na qual o estômago sofre um deslocamento em torno de seu eixo. Objetivo- relatar a aplicação de gastropexia laparoscópica numa paciente idosa, apresentando volvo gástrico grave. Método- uma mulher de 69 anos de idade, apresentando dor abdominal severa, náusea e incapacidade de vomitar, pequena disfagia e sensação de plenitude pós-prandial foi admitida no Hospital São Lucas de Governador Valadares, Brasil. Após o exame clínico, foram realizadas radiografias do abdômen e peito (simples e de contraste), juntamente com tomografia de endoscopia superior. Após o diagnóstico, a paciente foi submetida à laparoscopia. A hérnia do diafragma foi reduzida junto com sutura hiatal, além da aplicação de uma tela de polipropileno anti-aderente para fixação do estômago. Resultados- as características clínicas, radiológicas e de imagem revelaram um volvulus gástrico típico. A rotação do estômago foi corrigida com sucesso através de laparoscopia e a paciente foi liberada do hospital após três dias da operação. Um mês após a cirurgia, a paciente encontrava-se totalmente assintomática no que diz respeito ao trato digestivo. Conclusões- uma paciente adulta, sofrendo de volvo gástrico agudo, foi tratada com sucesso através de procedimento laparoscópico realizado dez dias após a internação hospitalar. O diagnóstico precoce e a correção cirúrgica breve são essenciais para a redução da mortalidade em casos de volvo gástrico.