Construction of TLR9 gene knockout mice with preliminary phenotype identification / 中国药理学通报

Aim To construct TLR9 gene knockout mouse model and preliminarily identify the phenotypes. Methods The TLR9 knockout mice were established by CRISPR/Cas9 system. The genotype of knockout mice was identified by capillary gel electrophoresis, while the PCR product was sequenced to analyse the knockout efficiency. The mRNA and protein expression level of TLR9 were determined by qRT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Genetic traits, body weight and blood routine changes were also measured. Pathological changes of mouse tissues were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Results PCR and sequencing results showed that the stable TLR9 gene knockout mice were generated. The TLR9 gene expres-sions of knockout mice in spleen and liver tissues were significantly lower than those of wild-type mice. The growth and breeding of TLR9 knockout mice were normal , as well as all indexes of body weight and peripheral blood routine. The histomorphological characteristics of TLR9 knockout mice showed no significant difference compare to wild-type mice. Conclusions The TLR9 knockout mice are successfully established, providing an experimental animal model for studying the biological functions and regulatory mechanisms of the TLR9.

Enterovirus 71 molecular epidemiology research in Nantong,2014 / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To analyze enterovirus 71 (EV71) molecular epidemiology characteristics in Nantong region of Jiangsu , 2014 .Methods The pharyngeal swab samples were selected from 52 children with hand ,foot and mouth disease .After extracting the virus nucleic acid ,the EV71 VP1 gene of the virus were amplified by RT‐PCR amplification .The phylogenetic tree was con‐structed between isolated and EV71 reference strains from other parts of the country .Results 12 strains EV71 VP1 gene were iso‐lated from 52 cases of clinical specimens .The nucleotide and amino acid homology of 12 strains EV71 VP1 gene was 93 .4% -99 .1% ,the phylogenetic tree analysis showed that 12 strains of VP1 gene all belong to C4 genotype C4a subgenotypes .Conclusion The isolated strains in Nantong in 2014 are all the EV71 C4a subgenotypes of C4 genotype ,the same with the most of isolates in re‐cent years .

Genetic parameters for growth traits of buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis Artiodactyla, Bovidae) in Colombia / Parámetros genéticos para características de crecimiento en búfalos (Bubalus bubalis Artiodactyla, Bovidae) en Colombia / Parâmetros genéticos para características de crescimento em búfalos (Bubalus bubalis Artiodactyla, Bovidae) na Colômbia

Objective: to estimate genetic parameters of weaning weight (WW) and weights at 12 (W12), 18 (W18), and 24 (W24) months of age, in buffalo populations of the Colombian tropical lowlands. Methods: both single-trait and multitrait animal models were used for (WW) and weights at various ages. The models included fixed effects for sex, parity, and contemporary groups (farm, season, and year), with the age of calves at weaning as a covariate. Random effects included direct and maternal genetics, permanent environment, and residual effects. Results: direct, maternal, and total heritabilities for WW were 0.45 ± 0.054, 0.28 ± 0.070 and 0.33. The genetic correlation between direct and maternal effects was -0.48 ± 0.089, suggesting there is a negative correlation between genes for growth and genes for maternity. Heritabilities for W12, W18, and W24 were 0.42, 0.42, and 0.41, respectively, showing high positive correlations among the three characteristics. Conclusion: estimated heritabilities suggest that selection for pre and post- weaning growth is feasible in this population.

Objetivo: estimar los parámetros genéticos para peso al destete (PD), y peso a los 12 (P12), 18 (P18) y 24 (P24) meses de edad, en poblaciones bufalinas en el trópico bajo colombiano. Métodos: los datos de PD fueron analizados en un modelo animal unicaracterístico. El modelo incluyó como efectos fijos: sexo, número de parto y grupo contemporáneo (finca, época y año de destete) y edad como covariable. Los efectos aleatorios fueron genético aditivo directo y materno, ambiente permanente materno y el error. Un modelo animal multicaracterístico fue utilizado para P12, P18 y P24 meses de edad. El modelo incluyó como efectos fijos: sexo y grupo contemporáneo y edad como covariable. Los efectos aleatorios fueron: genético aditivo directo y el error. Resultados: las heredabilidades directa, materna y total para PD fueron 0.45 ± 0.054, 0.28 ± 0.070 y 0.33. La correlación genética entre los efectos directo y materno fue -0.48 ± 0.089, indicando que puede haber antagonismo entre genes para crecimiento y genes para habilidad materna. Las heredabilidades para P12, P18 y P24 meses de edad fueron 0.42, 0.42 y 0.41, respectivamente, con correlaciones genéticas altas y positivas entre las tres características. Conclusión: las heredabilidades estimadas sugieren que la selección por crecimiento pre y posdestete es posible en esta población.

objetivo: estimar parâmetros genéticos para o peso ao desmame (PD), e peso aos 12 (P12), 18 (P18) e 24 (P24) meses de idade, de populações de búfalos no trópico baixo colombiano. Métodos: os dados de PD foram analisados em um modelo animal unicaracterístico. O modelo incluiu como efeitos fixos: o sexo, a ordem de parição e o grupo contemporâneo (fazenda, estação de desmame e ano de desmame) e a idade como covariável. Os efeitos aleatórios foram: genético aditivo direto e materno, de ambiente permanente materno e o residual. Um modelo animal multicaracterístico foi usado para P12, P18 e P24 meses de idade. O modelo incluiu como efeitos fixos: sexo e grupo contemporâneo e a idade como covariável. Os efeitos aleatórios foram: genético aditivo direto e residual. Resultados: as estimativas de herdabilidade direta, materna e total para PD foram 0.45 ± 0.054, 0.28 ± 0.070 e 0.33. A correlação genética entre os efeitos direto e materno foi -0.48 ± 0.089, indicando que pode haver antagonismo entre os genes para crescimento e os genes para habilidade materna. As herdabilidades para P12, P18 e P24 meses de idade foram 0.42, 0.42 e 0.41, respectivamente, com correlações genéticas altas e positivas entre as três características. Conclusões: as estimativas de herdabilidade sugerem que a seleção para crescimento ao desmame e pós- desmame é possível nesta população.

Genome-Wide Association Study in Psychiatric Disorders / 신경정신의학

Most psychiatric disorders are some kinds of complex genetic traits. Identifying the causal genes of psychiatric disorders has been challenging. Through recent revolutionary advances, such as the HapMap Project and the development of high-throughput genotyping chips, the genome-wide association study (GWAS) has recently become possible and is now in the spotlight in psychiatric genetics. In this article, we reviewed the concepts, rationale, designs and general steps of GWAS, and also introduced a few previous GWAS of several psychiatric disorders.

Genome-Wide Association Study in Psychiatric Disorders / 신경정신의학

Most psychiatric disorders are some kinds of complex genetic traits. Identifying the causal genes of psychiatric disorders has been challenging. Through recent revolutionary advances, such as the HapMap Project and the development of high-throughput genotyping chips, the genome-wide association study (GWAS) has recently become possible and is now in the spotlight in psychiatric genetics. In this article, we reviewed the concepts, rationale, designs and general steps of GWAS, and also introduced a few previous GWAS of several psychiatric disorders.