Selección contra displasia de cadera canina en el ovejero alemán / Breeding against canine hip dysplasia in the german shepherd dog

RESUMEN La displasia de cadera canina o displasia coxo-femoral (DCF) es un desorden progresivo e incapacitante en perros de razas grandes, como el Ovejero Alemán. La selección de reproductores libres de displasia es la única forma de reducir su incidencia. Se han desarrollado varios métodos de diagnóstico basados en el examen radiográfico, en base a los cuales se seleccionan los reproductores para la cría. La DCF tiene una base hereditaria poligénica e influencia ambiental, con una heredabilidad media a baja (alrededor de 0,20 a 0,40), por lo que el progreso de la selección fenotípica ha sido lento. En Argentina la prevalencia de la displasia en la raza sigue siendo alta (>25%) y es imposible prever su incidencia en la progenie del plantel de cría. Algunos países han implementado la selección basada en el valor estimado de cría, obteniendo un importante avance. Los estudios de asociación del genoma completo han revelado numerosos marcadores asociados a la DCF y se han encontrado varios genes candidatos que señalan la posibilidad de implementar una selección genómica en un futuro cercano.

ABSTRACT Canine hip dysplasia (CHD) is a progressive and disabling disorder in large dog breeds, such as the German Shepherd dog. Breeding sires and dams free of dysplasia is the only way to reduce its incidence. Several diagnostic methods have been developed based on radiographic examination, on the basis of which dogs are selected for breeding. CHD has a polygenic hereditary basis and environmental influence, with a median to low heritability (ca. 0,20 to 0,40), so the progress in phenotypic selection has been slow. In Argentina, the prevalence of dysplasia in German Shepherd dogs remains high (> 25%) and it is impossible to predict its incidence in the offspring of the breeding stock. Some countries have implemented a selection based on the estimated breeding value, obtaining an important advance. Genomewide association studies have revealed numerous CHD-associated markers and several candidate genes have been found that point to the possibility of implementing genomic selection in the near future.

Actividad insecticida de aceites esenciales sobre Blatella germanica (Linneaus, 1767) (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae) / nsecticidal activity of essential oils against Blatella germanica (Linneaus, 1767) (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae)

Blattella germanica (Linneaus, 1767) es una especie de cucaracha considerada plaga de la salud pública por estar asociada a gran número de microorganismos causantes de enfermedades al hombre. Para su control se utilizan diferentes tipos de formulaciones a base de insecticidas sintéticos a los cuales en su gran mayoría es resistente. En este contexto existe un interés creciente por los insecticidas botánicos. En el siguiente trabajo se evaluaron los aceites de Citrus aurantium (L.,1753), Ocimum basilicum (L.,1753), Piper aduncum subsp ossanum (C.DC. Saralegui) y Eucalyptus globulus (Labill, 1800) mediante aplicación tópica de un microlitro en el primer esternito abdominal de los individuos. Los cuatro aceites mostraron actividad insecticida sobre adultos de B. germanica con CL50 que oscilaron entre 58 µg/µL para O. basilicum y 250 µg/µL para P. aduncum(AU)´

Blattella germanica (Linneaus, 1767) is a cockroach species considered a public health pest, since it is associated with a great number of disease-causing microorganisms in humans. For its control, different types of synthetic-based insecticidal formulations are used, to which it is mostly resistant. In this context, there is a growing interest in botanical insecticides. In this research, oils from Citrus aurantium (L., 1753), Ocimum basilicum (L., 1753), Piper aduncum subsp. ossanum (C.DC. Saralegui), and Eucalyptus globulus (Labill, 1800) were evaluated by topical application of 1 µL to the first abdominal sternum of the individuals. The four essential oils evaluated showed insecticidal activity against adult B. germanica with LC50 ranging from 58µg/µL for O. basilicum to 250µg/µL for P. aduncum(AU)´

From Dresden to the world: images of the German Hygiene Museum's relations with Latin America, 1911-1933 / De Dresden para o mundo: imagens das relações do Museu Alemão de Higiene com a América Latina, 1911-1933

Abstract As of the nineteenth century, the number of world fairs and hygiene exhibitions grew significantly. This phenomenon was linked to the experience of modernity and the emergence of bacteriology, when different cities were sanitized with the aim of combating urban diseases and epidemics. For the purpose of sanitary education and hygiene propaganda, many objects and pictures were displayed in hygiene exhibitions and museums, such as the International Hygiene Exhibition of 1911 and the German Hygiene Museum, both in Dresden. The goal of this article is to analyze a chapter of the international history of health through images that portray the connections between the German Hygiene Museum and Latin American countries between 1911 and 1933.

Resumo A partir do século XIX, o número de exposições universais e de exposições de higiene cresceu significativamente. Esse fenômeno estava ligado à experiência da modernidade e ao surgimento da bacteriologia, quando diferentes cidades foram higienizadas com o objetivo de combater doenças e epidemias urbanas. Visando à educação sanitária e à propaganda da higiene, inúmeros objetos e imagens foram exibidos em exposições e museus de higiene, como na Exposição Internacional de Higiene de 1911 e no Museu Alemão de Higiene, ambos em Dresden. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar um capítulo da história internacional da saúde por meio de imagens que retratam as conexões entre o Museu Alemão de Higiene e os países latino-americanos de 1911 a 1933.

O jogo de bolão em clubes teuto-brasileiros (Décadas de 1860 A 1920) / Kegeln in German-Brazilian clubs (FROM 1860's TO 1920's)

O presente estudo busca identificar as composições da prática do bolão em associações esportivas étnico-culturais teuto-brasileiras, realizando uma leitura do tempo demarcada entre as décadas de 1860 e 1920. Para tal, foram cotejados documentos impressos e imagens com as informações coletadas na revisão bibliográfica. Os primeiros indícios da prática do bolão (Kegeln) em Santa Cruz do Sul estão datados em 1866, quando foi construída uma cancha de bolão pela Schützengilde (Corporação de Atiradores) e foi fundado o Clube União. A prática do bolão foi incorporada pela Sociedade Ginástica de Santa Cruz do Sul, em 1916, no período da I Guerra Mundial. Diferentemente de outras práticas identificadas com os teutobrasileiros, os torneios competitivos de bolão mantiveram-se apesar das intempéries decorridas com a I Guerra. Além de prática de lazer, jogo de bolão era utilizado como um meio de arrecadar recursos financeiros.

This study seeks to identify the compositions of the practice of the draw in German-Brazilian ethnic-cultural sports associations, performing a reading of the time demarcated between 1860's and 1920's. To this end, printed documents and images were compared with the information collected in the bibliographic review. First evidences of the practices of Kegeln in Santa Cruz do Sul is dated in 1866, when a Kegeln court was built by Schützengilde (Shooter Corporation) and the Union Club was founded. The Kegel practice was also incorporated by the Gymnastic Society of Santa Cruz do Sul, in 1916, in the period of World War I. Differently from other practices identified with the German-Brazilians, Kegeln competitive tournaments and social festivities continued despite the bad weather during the World War I. In addition to leisure practice, the Kegeln game was used as a means of raising financial resources.

Secretos de un alma: la primera película psicoanalítica / Secrets of a Soul: the first psychoanalityc movie

El artículo explora la historia del psicoanálisis y el cine como dos dispositivos contemporáneos de la modernidad y analiza la coyuntura que condujo a la producción de la primera película sobre el psicoanálisis presentada en Berlín en 1926, Secretos de un alma. Se contextualiza este encuentro en el período de consolidación del movimiento psicoanalítico, el desarrollo de una psicoterapia popular a través de la creación de centros de tratamiento psicoanalítico gratuitos en diferentes ciudades europeas y la profesionalización del psicoanálisis. A partir del análisis de la película se sugieren ideas para pensar la difusión del psicoanálisis en la cultura y la construcción de un público

The article explores the history of psychoanalysis and cinema as two contemporary devices of modernity and analyzes the conjunture that led to the production of the first psychoanalytic film, Secrets of a Soul, launched in Berlín in 1926. We contextualized this encounter in the period of consolidation of the psychoanalytic movement, the devolopment of a popular psychoterapy by the creation of free psychoanalytic treatment in different European cities and the professionalization of psychoanalysis. We analyse the film and ideas are suggested to think about the diffusion of psychoanalysis in cultura and the contruction of an audience

Severe Pulmonary Arteriopathy in a Neonate with Congenital Rubella Syndrome and Patent Ductus Arteriosus

Neonates with congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) are known to have associated congenital cardiac malformations. Patent ductusarteriosus (PDA) is one the most common cardiac anomalies associated with CRS. PDA refractory to medical management andassociated with ventilatory dependence is considered for surgical ligation. However, the management of PDA can be challenging in thepresence of underlying lung disease or pulmonary vascular disease. Outcomes after closure in neonates are dependent upon age,weight, nutritional status, pre-operative pulmonary arterial hypertension and presence of chronic lung disease. We present a neonatewith CRS who required surgical PDA closure. The neonate developed severe pulmonary arterial hypertension which led to fatal outcome.The clinical course is corroborated with histo-pathological changes observed on the autopsy of this neonate.

Clinical-epidemiological, anatomic-pathological, histochemical and immunohistochemical characterization of renal cystadenocarcinoma-nodular dermatofibrosis syndrome in 11 German Shepherd dogs / Caracterização clínico-epidemiológica, anátomo-patológica, histoquímica e imuno-histoquímica da síndrome cistadenocarcinoma-dermatofibrose nodular em 11 cães Pastor Alemão

Eleven cases of renal cystadenoma/cystadenocarcinoma-nodular dermatofibrosis syndrome (RCND) are described in German Shepherd dogs diagnosed from January 1994 to January 2018 at the Veterinary Pathology Laboratory of the "Universidade Federal de Santa Maria" (LPV-UFSM). The study sample was composed of eight male and three female dogs at a ratio of 2.67:1. Age ranged from six to 12 years (mean=8.7 years). The main clinical signs reported in descending order of frequency were multiple cutaneous nodules (nodular dermatofibrosis), dyspnea, anorexia, weight loss, recurrent hematuria, vomiting, and polydipsia. Results demonstrated that it is not always easy to clinically recognize this syndrome, but its peculiar anatomical-pathological characteristics allow safe diagnosis. Histologically, it was possible to detect all phases (cysts, papillary intratubular hyperplasia, and cystadenomas or cystadenocarcinomas) of a possible pathological continuum of the renal lesions. Uterine leiomyomas were observed in only one of the cases. Through histochemical techniques, it was possible to identify the presence of type I collagen in both cutaneous and renal lesions and consider its possible involvement in the pathogenesis of renal cystadenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) showed partially satisfactory results in the staining of epithelial cells of renal cysts and neoplasms for pan-cytokeratin.(AU)

São descritos 11 casos da síndrome cistadenoma/cistadenocarcinoma-dermatofibrose nodular (CR-DN) em cães Pastor Alemão, diagnosticados entre janeiro de 1994 e janeiro de 2018 no Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (LPV-UFSM). Os cães afetados foram oito machos e três fêmeas, estabelecendo-se uma relação de 2,67:1. A idade variou de seis a 12 anos, sendo a média de idade de 8,7 anos. Os principais sinais clínicos relatados foram, em ordem decrescente de frequência, múltiplos nódulos cutâneos (dermatofibrose nodular), dispneia, anorexia, emagrecimento, hematúria recorrente, vômito e polidipsia. Este estudo permitiu estabelecer que o reconhecimento clínico da síndrome nem sempre é fácil, porém suas características anátomo-patológicas peculiares permitem um diagnóstico com segurança. Histologicamente, foi possível detectar todas as fases (cistos, hiperplasia intratubular papilífera, cistadenomas ou cistadenocarcinomas) de um possível continuum patológico das lesões renais. Leiomiomas uterinos foram observados somente em um caso. Através das técnicas histoquímicas foi possível estabelecer que o colágeno tipo I está presente em ambas as lesões, cutâneas e renais, e cogitar seu possível envolvimento na patogênese dos cistadenocarcinomas renais. A técnica de IHQ mostrou resultados parcialmente satisfatórios na imunomarcação das células epiteliais dos cistos e dos neoplasmas renais para pancitoceratina.(AU)

Suicídio, cultura e trabalho em município de colonização alemã no sul do Brasil / Suicide, culture and work in a German-colonized municipality in the South of Brazil / Suicidio, cultura y trabajo en un municipio de colonización alemana en el sur del Brasil

O suicídio é um problema de saúde pública de magnitude elevada e ascendente. No Brasil, o Rio Grande do Sul tem apresentado, historicamente, altas taxas de mortalidade, sobretudo em regiões colonizadas por alemães. Este é um estudo de caso social, cujas informações foram produzidas com base em narrativas de 14 informantes-chave, pertencentes aos campos da saúde, agricultura, justiça, segurança pública, comunicação social e educação. Os determinantes atribuídos pelos informantes ao suicídio incluíram: a cultura germânica, a ética protestante e o sofrimento no trabalho que afeta agricultores que trabalham com o fumo em regime de pequena propriedade familiar. As reflexões dos entrevistados apontam para o suicídio como um recurso usado na cultura desses descendentes de alemães para enfrentar as dificuldades, cuja frequência se manteve com a introdução do capitalismo no campo e com a subordinação dos agricultores à indústria fumageira.(AU)

Suicide is a serious public health issue with increasing rates. The state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, has a history of high mortality rates, mainly in regions colonized by German populations. The present investigation is a social case study, whose information was obtained through narratives of 14 informers from the health, agriculture, justice, public safety, social communication and education fields. The decisive factors for suicide reported by the informers were the German culture, protestant ethics and suffering at work, which affects family farmers who grow tobacco. The reflections of the interviewees point to suicide as a resource used in the culture of people who descend from German populations to cope with difficulties, which persists as a consequence of the introduction of capitalism in the countryside and the subordination of producers to the tobacco industry.(AU)

El suicidio es un problema de salud pública de magnitud elevada y ascendiente. En Brasil, el Estado de Rio Grande do Sul ha presentado históricamente grandes tasas de mortalidad, principalmente en regiones colonizadas por alemanes. Este es un estudio de caso social, cuyas informaciones se produjeron con base en narrativas de 14 informantes clave, pertenecientes a los campos de: salud, agricultura, justicia, seguridad pública, comunicación social y educación. Los factores determinantes atribuidos por los informantes al suicidio incluyeron: la cultura germánica, la ética protestante y el sufrimiento en el trabajo que afecta a los agricultores que trabajan con el tabaco en régimen de pequeña propiedad familiar. Las reflexiones de los entrevistados señalan el suicidio como un recurso utilizado en la cultura de esos descendientes de alemanes para enfrentar las dificultades, cuya frecuencia se mantuvo con la introducción del capitalismo en el campo y con la subordinación de los agricultores a la industria del tabaco.(AU)

The books of the dead revisited: mortality and morbidity in the German colonies of southern Brazil, 1850-1880 / Revisitando os livros dos mortos: mortalidade e morbidade nas colônias alemãs do sul do Brasil, 1850-1880

Abstract Examines mortality and morbidity in São Leopoldo/RS (1850-1880). Our interdisciplinary study is based on the Gemeindebücher (parish registers) produced by Lutheran communities. These "community books" reveal high rates of fertility and premature death. Infant mortality and maternal death assailed everyday life. Over half of all deaths were of infants and children. Of ten funerals, seven were for children and adults of reproductive and military age. This article contributes to debates over environmental, social and political determinants of mortality and people's arts of living and healing in proto-statistical Brazil.

Resumo Trata de morbidade e mortalidade em São Leopoldo/RS (1850-1880). Nosso estudo interdisciplinar se baseia nos Gemeindebücher (registros paroquiais) de comunidades luteranas. A análise deles revela altos índices de fertilidade e de mortes prematuras. Elevadas taxas de mortalidade materna e infantil marcavam o cotidiano. De todas as mortes, mais da metade delas eram crianças (0-14 anos). Sete em cada dez funerais eram de crianças (0-14 anos) e de adultos jovens (15-39 anos), retrato da precariedade das condições de vida. O artigo contribui para debates sobre os determinantes sócio-políticos e ambientais da mortalidade em áreas rurais. Por fim, trata das artes de viver e curar no Brasil proto-estatístico.

¡Felicitaciones! / ¡Congratulations! / ¡Parabéns!

Este texto presenta una reseña de las ideas que han acompañado el funcionamiento del programa de Licenciatura en Educación Física de la Universidad de Antioquia, que para el año 2018 celebra 50 años, esta editorial es elaborada por uno de los protagonístas y pioneros de este hito histórico, cultural y educativo que como testigo directo puede recordar con aprecio la importancia de este suceso para nuestro campo de conocimiento, la Universidad y el pais.

This text present a review of ideas that accompanied of the program of Degree Physical Education of Universidad de Antioquia which celebrates 50 years old in 2018, this editorial is prepared by one the protagonist and pioneers of this historical, cultural and educational milestone that the direct witness can remember with appreciation the importance of this event for our field of knowledge, the University and the country.

Neste editorial apresenta-se uma resenha sobre as ideias que têm acompanhado o funcionamento do programe Licenciatura em Educação Física da Universidade de Antioquia, que no ano 2018 celebra 50 anos. O texto é redigido por um dos protagonistas e pioneiros desta meta histórica, cultural e educativo, quem, como testemunha direta, pode recordar com aprecio a importância deste acontecimento para nosso campo de conhecimento, a Universidade e o país.

Beyond the Bifurcated Myth: The Medical Migration of Female Korean Nurses to West Germany in the 1970s / 의사학

This study investigates beyond the bifurcated myth of the medical migration of Korean women to Germany in the 1970s, which is known as the “German dispatchment” myth from the Korean perspective and the “development aid” discourse from that of the Germans, by focusing on the newly-released documents from the German Hospital Federation (Deutsche Krankenhausgesellschaft, DKG). The migration was essentially a transfer of labor from a weak to a strong state, and the disparity of state strength characterized the nature of the recruitment mechanism. Both Korea and Germany have romanticized the labor transfer and appropriated the collective experiences of migrants for their own political purposes. In this transnational business, the Korean Overseas Development Corporation (KODCO) and the DKG maintained exclusivity in the labor migration channel and were faithful to their own interests. The DKG, as a representative of the German healthcare industry, was concerned about being criticized for destroying the healthcare system of developing countries by stealing their skilled workforce. They, therefore, tried to influence publicity in Korea and Germany to persuade the people that the recruitment benefited both countries. However, the DKG was aware of the deceitfulness of its “development aid” discourse. The Korean government, which advanced the labor export for the sake of obtaining foreign currency, romanticized it as patriotism and used the term “German dispatchment.” However, the incapacity and corruption of KODCO as an agency from the Korean perspective resulted in criticism regarding its recruitment program. The DKG complained that the selection of incapable personnel coupled with corruption was causing unforeseen financial damage to its member hospitals. Nevertheless, it officially defended its partner for the sake of its own interests, such as avoiding bad publicity and securing the sustainability of the recruitment program. The conflicts regarding nursing tasks and working conditions between Korean nurses and their German colleagues and employers captured in the documents of the DKG trace the origin of the issues in relation to cultural misunderstanding and pervasive racism. The disparity of state strength between the two countries resulted in the subaltern position of Korean female healthcare workers in the global labor market, and they tried to bring forth the best possible outcome while working in a foreign country in unfamiliar circumstances. However, the difficulties with female guest workers from Asia were generally credited to their inability to adhere to the German working style. This study contributes to the existing scholarship on this topic by filling the gaps. Historical research on the medical migration of Korean nurses and nurse-aides to West Germany has relied on limited historical sources. In 2013, the National Archives of Korea transferred official documents regarding these workers that were produced and archived by the DKG, which represented the interests of German healthcare institutions. Its documents on Korean nursing personnel provide supplementary information and display findings in different perspectives. They do not bring forth completely new findings that have never been researched before but are still valuable for delivering concrete evidence on the circumstances of that time, which were previously merely inferred.

Organization moclel of the German national cohort and its enlightenments / 中华医学图书情报杂志

Objective To promote the effective management of population cohort data and to provide the beneficial reference for the cohort data management model in our country. Methods After a description of the German national cohort program with an international impact, its organizational model, data types and data management were sum-marized and analyzed, its research target and plan were outlined, its data collection and processing, integration and storage, quality protection and control were studied. Results Multisource data classification management prohibited the application for data and sharing of data use in tested subjects when they were using the data. Conclusion Data standards should be unified, multisource data classification storage should be implemented, the data analysis should be widened and deepened, the right of tested subjects should be made clear, and the data sharing procedure should be standardized in our country according to the inadequate domestic cohort research and the enlightenments of the German national cohort.

German Cockroach Extract Induces Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 Expression, Leading to Tight Junction Disruption in Human Airway Epithelial Cells

PURPOSE: Cockroach exposure is a pivotal cause of asthma. Tight junctions are intercellular structures required for maintenance of the barrier function of the airway epithelium, which is impaired in this disease. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) digest extracellular matrix components and are involved in asthma pathogenesis: MMP1 is a collagenase with a direct influence on airway obstruction in asthmatics. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism by which German cockroach extract (GCE) induces MMP1 expression and whether MMP1 release alters cellular tight junctions in human airway epithelial cells (NCI-H292). MATERIALS AND METHODS: mRNA and protein levels were determined using real-time PCR and ELISA. Tight junction proteins were detected using immunofluorescence staining. Epithelial barrier function was measured by transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER). The binding of a transcription factor to DNA molecules was determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay, while the levels of tight junction proteins and phosphorylation were determined using Western blotting. RESULTS: GCE was shown to increase MMP1 expression, TEER, and tight junction degradation. Both an inhibitor and small interfering RNA (siRNA) of MMP1 significantly decreased GCE-induced tight junction disruption. Furthermore, transient transfection with ETS1 and SP1 siRNA, and anti-TLR2 antibody pretreatment prevented MMP1 expression and tight junction degradation. An extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor also blocked MMP1 release, ETS1/SP1 DNA binding, and tight junction alteration. CONCLUSION: GCE treatment increases MMP1 expression, leading to tight junction disruption, which is transcriptionally regulated and influenced by the ERK/MAPK pathway in airway epithelial cells. These findings may contribute to developing novel therapeutic strategies for airway diseases.

Rumo à América: passageiros da rota Hamburgo-São Francisco do Sul na segunda metade dos Oitocentos / Heading to America: passengers of the Hamburg-São Francisco del Sul route in the second half of the 19th century / Rumbo a América: pasajeros de la ruta Hamburgo-São Francisco del Sul en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX

Resumo O presente texto tem como objetivo apresentar criticamente um conjunto de documentos que dizem respeito à e/imigração. Trata-se de listas de passageiros embarcados em Hamburgo e desembarcados em São Francisco do Sul, Santa Catarina, entre 1851 e 1889, traduzidas para o português, cujos originais fazem parte do acervo do Arquivo Histórico de Joinville, Santa Catarina. Basicamente, o conteúdo destas fontes inclui as "fichas técnicas" referentes a cada navio e à viagem relacionada, os nomes dos passageiros (constando ou não o nome dos familiares e outros acompanhantes), a idade, profissão, proveniência (geralmente local de origem), estado civil (quando era o caso), religião e observações diversas anotadas pelos tradutores.

Abstract The purpose of this text is to critically present a set of documents related to immigration. The lists of passengers who boarded in Hamburg and landed in São Francisco do Sul, Santa Catarina, between the years 1851 and 1889, translated to Portuguese, whose original documents are part of the Historical Archive of Joinville, SC. Basically, the contents of these sources include the "factsheets" concerning each vessel and each trip, the passengers' names (including names of family members and other accompanying persons), age, profession, place of origin (usually place of birth), marital status (when applicable), religion, and various observations noted by translators.

Resumen El presente texto tiene por objetivo presentar críticamente un conjunto de documentos que hablan sobre la e/inmigración. Se trata de nóminas de pasajeros embarcados en Hamburgo y que desembarcaron en São Francisco del Sur, Santa Catarina, entre 1851 y 1889, traducidas al portugués, cuyos originales forman parte del acervo del Archivo Histórico de Joinville, Santa Catarina. Básicamente, el contenido de estas fuentes incluyen las fichas técnicas de cada navío y el viaje concerniente, los nombres de los pasajeros (y en algunos casos el nombre de sus familiares u otros acompañantes), su edad, profesión, proveniencia (generalmente local de origen), su estado civil (cuando era el caso), religión y observaciones diversas de los traductores.

Sport: uma concepção emergente no jornal Kolonie / Sport: an emerging concept in the newspaper Kolonie / Sport: una concepción emergente en el diario Kolonie

Este estudo busca investigar as concepções do termo sport (esporte) veiculadas pelo jornal Kolonie desde sua criação, em 1891, até o ano de 1917, quando houve a interrupção da publicação do jornal devido ao advento da I Guerra Mundial. Para tanto, foram coletadas reportagens do jornal Kolonie, o qual era veiculado em idioma alemão e destinado aos teuto-brasileiros da cidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. A interpretação das fontes evidenciou que o registro do termo sport pelo jornal ocorreu a partir de 1900, quando são aludidas práticas esportivas com representações identitárias diferenciadas das teuto-brasileiras. Na década de 1910, o termo sport aparece com maior recorrência nas reportagens que abordam o futebol e a fundação de clubes específicos para a prática. Associados a representações higienistas e de modernidade, os discursos emergentes no cenário esportivo santa-cruzense também alcançaram associações esportivas de tênis e ginástica.

This research aims to investigate the concepts of the term "sport" circulated by the Kolonie newspaper since its establishment, in 1891, until 1917, when the periodical was paused due to the advent of the First World War. The interpretation of the sources evidenced the appropriation of the term "sport" by the newspaper was in 1900, when new sporting practices took place, distinguished from the German-Brazilian representations of identity. In the 1910s, the term "sport" was recurring, especially, in reports concerning football and specific clubs to this practice. Allied to hygienist and modern representations, the emerging speeches at the Santa Cruz's sports scene also reached associations of tennis and gymnastic.

Este estudio tiene como objetivo investigar las concepciones del término sport (deporte) transmitido por el diario Kolonie desde su creación, en 1891, hasta el año 1917 cuando se cuando se suspendió la publicación periódica debido a la Primera Guerra Mundial. Por lo tanto, se recogieron los informes periódicos del Kolonie, transmitido en idioma alemán y destinado a la ciudad teuto-brasileña de Santa Cruz do Sul, en Rio Grande do Sul. La interpretación de las fuentes revelaron que el registro del término deporte el periódico se produjo después de 1900, cuando se alude prácticas deportivas con diferentes representaciones de identidad del teuto-brasileñas. En la década de 1910, el sport parece más recurrencia en los informes que hablan de fútbol y la fundación de clubes específicos para practicar. Asociados a representaciones higienistas y modernas, los discursos emergentes en la escena deportiva santa-cruzense también llegaron a las asociaciones deportivas de tenis y gimnasia.

Analysis of traditional Chinese medicine syndromes in 159 German migraine patients / 中国中药杂志

Data mining method was adopted to collect 159 cases of German migraine patients who live in the TCM-Klinik Bad Kötzting Hospital from January 2013 to March 2015. The general case information was divided into age, gender, profession, characteristics of headache, degree of headache, accompanied symptoms and tongue pulse, and included in corresponding databases. Initial data was standardized and cleaned to get a data form suitable for analysis. SPSS system software was adopted to make a frequency statistics analysis for such variables as gender, age, profession, headache characteristic and accompanied symptoms. The results showed that German migraine cases feature a universality of age, long disease cycle and easy recurrence; And most of the patients were mental workers. There were two common clinical TCM symptoms, namely hyperactivity of liver Yang type and Qi deficiency & phlegm dampness. The common symptoms are forehead tingling, recurrent headache, vomiting and nausea, dark tongue, thin and white fur tongue, wiry pulse and slippery pulse. The disease is related to the pathology of stagnation of Qi, phlegm and blood stasis in liver, spleen, kidney and stomach.

Meningococcal disease outbreak related to the World Scout Jamboree in Japan, 2015

Problem: Six invasive meningococcal disease cases occurred among Scottish and Swedish nationals associated with the World Scout Jamboree (WSJ), an international mass gathering, held in Japan. The index case developed symptoms while returning home. The strains from all six cases were identical and seldom seen in Japan. Context: Over 33 000 participants from 155 countries attended WSJ. At the Jamboree site, participants of the North of Scotland’s and Sweden’s units camped within the same subcamp and kept the same schedule of events. No information was available about the Swedish and Scottish cases’ close personal contact history. Action: Health Protection Scotland investigated Scottish cases, conducted active case finding, provided chemoprophylaxis, vaccinated close contacts and advised Scottish WSJ participants and contacts to seek medical care if they developed symptoms. The Public Health Agency of Sweden recommended chemoprophylaxis to all participants in Sweden. In Japan, the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW) requested the Scout Association of Japan advise all participants to seek medical attention if they developed symptoms. MHLW shared information about the event with local authorities, medical associations, and the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. Outcome: No additional case related to WSJ has been reported. This outbreak highlighted the risk for international spread of invasive meningococcal disease at international mass gatherings. Discussion: Assessing risk, educating participants, enhancing surveillance and sharing timely information among related countries are significant for prevention and response against invasive meningococcal disease outbreaks at mass gatherings.

The burden of congenital rubella syndrome in the Philippines: results from a retrospective assessment

Introduction: In line with the regional aim of eliminating rubella and congenital rubella syndrome (CRS), phased introduction of rubella-containing vaccines (RCV) in the Philippines’ routine immunization programme began in 2010. We estimated the burden of CRS in the country before widespread nationwide programmatic RCV use. Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review in four tertiary hospitals. Children born between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2014 and identified as possible CRS cases based on the presence of one or more potential manifestations of CRS documented in hospital or clinic charts were reviewed. Cases that met the clinical case definition of CRS were classified as either confirmed (with laboratory confirmation) or probable (without laboratory confirmation). Cases that did not fulfil the criteria for either confirmed or probable CRS were excluded from the analysis. Results: We identified 18 confirmed and 201 probable cases in this review. Depending on the hospital, the estimated incidence of CRS ranged from 30 to 233 cases per 100 000 live births. The estimated national burden of CRS was 20 to 31 cases per 100 000 annually. Discussion: This is the first attempt to assess the national CRS burden using in-country hospital data in the Philippines. Prospective surveillance for CRS and further strengthening of the ongoing measles-rubella surveillance are necessary to establish accurate estimates of the burden of CRS and the impact of programmatic RCV use in the future.

A mirada da biotipologia no Sul do Brasil: discurso e prática nas décadas de 1930 e 1950 / The view of biotypology in Southern Brazil: discourse and practice in the 1930s and 1950s

Resumo Esta nota de pesquisa tenta demonstrar como o estado do Paraná figurou no panorama transnacional das vertentes de escolas biotipológicas presentes no Brasil a partir dos anos 1930. Abordamos o caso específico da cidade de Curitiba e pudemos identificar, num discurso acadêmico de 1938 e em dois laudos de sanidade mental de 1950 e 1951, a regularidade da escola constitucionalista alemã de Ernst Kretschmer, não obstante a preponderância da vertente italiana na bibliografia relacionada ao tema. Com isso, procuramos apontar por quais meios e espaços foram legitimados os preceitos concernentes àquela escola.

Abstract This research report aims to demonstrate how the state of Paraná, Brazil, featured in the transnational context of different schools of biotypological thought present in Brazil as of the 1930s. The city of Curitiba is taken as a case study, where we can identify, in an academic lecture from 1938 and two mental health reports from 1950 and 1951, the observance of Ernst Kretschmer's German constitutional medicine, despite the prevalence of the Italian school of thought in the bibliography on the subject. With this, we seek to identify through what channels and forums the precepts of the German school were legitimized.

Evaluation of proline, chlorophyll, soluble sugar content and uptake of nutrients in the German chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) under drought stress and organic fertilizer treatments

Objective: To investigate the effect of drought stress and organic fertilizer on German chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) nutrient uptake, leaf chlorophyll content and os-motic adjustment under field conditions. Methods: This experiment was carried out through a randomized complete block design with a split factorial arrangement of treatments in three replications. The main plots were subjected to the following irrigation treatments: irrigation after 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 mm evaporation from Class A pan. The sub-plots were treated with three vermi-compost doses (0, 5 and 10 t/ha). Results: Although drought stress reduced the nutrient percentages in the shoots, appli-cation of vermicompost enhanced the nutrient percentages, particularly when the plants were subjected to moderate to severe drought stress conditions. Moreover, the results of this study showed that the interaction between irrigation treatments and vermicompost rates on leaf chlorophyll content was significant. Comparison between the combined treatments indicated that under normal irrigation and moderate drought stress conditions chamomile plants received 5 and 10 t/ha vermicompost showed significantly higher leaf chlorophyll content comparing to the control treatment. Conclusions: Totally, organic fertilization by vermicompost could partly alleviate the effect of drought stress on chamomile by increasing N, P and K uptake and leaf soluble sugar, especially in stressed treatments.