ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Diabetes mellitus is a chronic and severe metabolic dysfunction, it's slow and progressive evolution interferes directly in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins, causing hyperglycemia, glycosuria, polydipsia, hyperlipidaemia, among others. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of hydroethanolic extract and granulated of Calophyllum brasiliense Cambess., Clusiaceae, species in diabetic rats as well as it's biochemical parameters. The results demonstrated that both the pharmaceutical forms, hydroethanolic extract and granulated, were able to reduce significantly (p < 0.001) hyperglycemia and glycosuria, in addition to improve polydipsia, polyuria, and weight loss. Treatments using hydroethanolic extract and granulated were also able to reduce significantly levels of triacylglycerides, cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein, as well as the transaminases, urea and creatinine levels. Therefore, it is concluded that these pharmaceutical forms have anti-diabetic effect and act improving the biochemical parameters, this effect is probably due to the high content of polyphenolic compounds found in the formulations.
ABSTRACT
A imobilização celular representa uma alternativa para a condução de bioprocessos. As células ficam retidas em matrizes e podem ser utilizadas por longos períodos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi testar uma nova metodologia de imobilização de fungos com custo reduzido, avaliar a viabilidade e segurança dos fungos submetidos ao novo método de encapsulamento e determinar a temperatura ideal para armazenar os fungos imobilizados. Os micélios dos fungos Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium cladosporioides e Penicillium solitum foram misturados com 15 g de arroz triturado e 3 g de alginato de sódio, que gotejava em uma solução de cloreto de cálcio a 0,25 M para a formação dos grânulos. Após a secagem em estufa a 26ºC, os grânulos foram armazenados em temperaturas ambiente, geladeira e freezer. Os plaqueamentos foram realizados a cada 15 dias em meio de cultura. As avaliações do tamanho das colônias e esporulação foram realizadas 7, 14 e 21 dias após o plaqueamento, durante 195 dias para A. niger, 225 dias para C. cladosporioides e 210 dias para P. solitum. A temperatura de armazenamento não afetou o desenvolvimento micelial de A. niger e P. solitum. Porém, a esporulação foi reduzida para os grânulos armazenados no freezer. O desenvolvimento micelial de C. cladosporioides foi influenciado pela temperatura. Os grânulos conservados em temperatura ambiente tiveram menor viabilidade. Na análise de microscopia eletrônica de varredura, observou-se que a imobilização é um método seguro no qual o micélio fúngico permanece no interior do grânulo, facilitando o transporte, o armazenamento e a aplicação de micro-organismos.(AU)
Cellular immobilization represents an alternative for the bioprocess conduction, in which the cells are kept in a matrix and can be used over long periods. The objective of this work was to test a new fungi immobilization methodology with reduced cost to evaluate the viability of these fungi when submitted to the new encapsulation method, and to determine the ideal temperature to store the immobilized fungi. The mycelium of the fungi Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium cladosporioides and Penicillium solitum were mixed with 15 g of titrated rice and 3 g of sodium alginate, which was dripped in a 0.25 M calcium chloride solution for the formation of pellets. After drying in an oven at 26ºC, the granules were stored at three temperatures: room, refrigerator and freezer. The platings were carried out every 15 days in culture medium. The evaluations of the colony size and sporulation were carried out 7, 14 and 12 days after plating, for 195 days for A. niger, 225 days for C. cladosporioides, and 210 days for P. solitum. Storage temperature did not affect the mycelial development of A. niger and P. solitum. However, sporulation was reduced for the granules stored in the freezer. The mycelial development of C. cladosporioides was influenced by temperature. The granules conserved at room temperature had lower viability than those stored in the refrigerator and freezer. In the Scanning Electronic Microscopy analysis, it was observed that the immobilization is a safe method in which the fungus mycelium remains inside the granule, facilitating transport, storage and application of micro-organisms.(AU)
Subject(s)
Fungi , Immobilization , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning/methods , Cladosporium , Alginates , AgribusinessABSTRACT
Background: Gallstone is a common disease not only in Vietnam but worldwide. A method of treatment for gallstone has not been discovered. Cholecystectomy is the main method for cholecystolithiasis. This solution has some advantage but the weak point is it can result in injury to the bile duct, high cost and cholecystectomy is not able to be carried out in every hospital. The particular traits of the Vietnamese gallstone patients are mixed crystals. Modern Medicine has some drugs for cholesterol stone so it has little affect. In addition, it gives undesirable side effects. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the granulated medicine TSM in the treatment of cholecystolithiasis and biliary sludge. Subject and Method: The study was carried out in 47 cases (35 cholecystolithiasis, 12 biliary sludge) that used granulated TSM. Result: Granulated TSM reduce some clinical symptoms in gallstone patients with p<0.01. In general, the granulated TSM did not cause side effects and did not affect the liver and kidney functions. Conclusion: Granulated TSM has an advantage for gallstone patients. Gallstones were eliminated and completely in some cases.
Subject(s)
Cholecystolithiasis , BileABSTRACT
This research was developed in hibrid urograndis (Eucalyptus urophylla Eucalyptus grandis)plantation belonging to Jari Celulose S.A., in Pará State, Brazil, from August 1994 to January 1995. The objective was to test one granulated bait with sulfluramid and three others with chlorpirifos in three dosages compared to 10 grams of dodecachlor (0.45%) bait per square meter of ant nest against Atta sexdens sexdens(Hymenoptera: Formicidae). The bait with sulfluramid showed 77.78%; 100.00%; and 88.90% efficiency against A. sexdens sexdensat 6, 8, and 10 grams while the dodecachlor bait showed 100.00% control. The other baits and dosages showed efficiency below 45.00%.
Este trabalho foi realizado em plantios de eucalipto urograndis (Eucalyptus urophylla Eucalyptus grandis)da Jari Celulose S.A., no município de Almeirim, Pará, no período de agosto/94 a janeiro/95. Foi testada a eficiência de uma isca granulada com sulfluramida e de três outras com clorpirifós, em três dosagens cada por metro quadrado de formigueiro, no controle de Atta sexdens sexdens(Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Os resultados foram comparados com os de uma isca à base de dodecacloro (0,45%) a 10 gramas por metro quadrado de formigueiro. A isca granulada com sulfluramida a 6, 8 e 10 gramas por metro quadrado de formigueiro apresentou 77,78%, 100,00% e 88,90% de controle, respectivamente, assemelhando-se à isca a base de dodecacloro que apresentou 100,00% de formigueiros mortos. As outras iscas, em qualquer dosagem, apresentaram eficiência abaixo de 45,00%.
ABSTRACT
The decidua of pseudopregnant rats and of those effected by high dosage of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue (LH-RH-A) were studied histologically.After inducement of pseudopregnancy, 29 Wistar virgin rats were divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group was injected with 200?g. of LH-RH-A subcutaneously daily for four days, while to the control group, physiological saline was injected instead. Both experimental and control animals were killed on the 9th, 11th and 13th day of pseudopregnancy.The uteri were fixed with appropriate fixatives and paraffin sections were processed with HE, phloxine-tartrazine, Foots and aldehyde fuchsin staihing methods.On the 9th day decidua of the control rats are well developed with many endometrial granulated cells, while in the decidua of the experimental group, the decidual cells become pyknotic, and the granulated cells are barely seen. The results suggest that a high dosage of LH-RH-A advances the necrosis of decidua of the pseudopregnant rats.