ABSTRACT
In this case, a 12-year-old female domestic cat with chronic renal failure (CRF), which had lived longer than the mean survival time for cats with that condition, was monitored to evaluate the effects of treatment and mean gray value (MGV) changes. The cat has lived for nearly four years since the diagnosis. Probiotics have been used as an additional, classical supportive therapy since the beginning of treatment. The temporal changes in renal MGV were statistically evaluated in the last year of the four-year period. The cat had a comfortable existence and good body condition all her life and probiotic therapy may have had a positive influence post-CRF diagnosis. Ultrasonography (US) examination is a commonly used tool for monitoring the CRF situation, but it is not particularly sensitive. Therefore, MGV may be more useful for the quantitative evaluation of the extent of renal failure. Also, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report for a long-term clinical evaluation of MGV in a cat with CRF. The aim of this case report was the evaluation of the relationship between MGV and clinical and biochemical changes in a cat with chronic renal failure.(AU)
No presente caso, uma gata doméstica de 12 anos com insuficiência renal crônica (IRC), que viveu mais do que o tempo médio de sobrevivência para gatos nessa condição, foi monitorada para avaliar os efeitos do tratamento e as alterações do valor cinza médio (MGV). A gata viveu quase quatro anos desde o diagnóstico. Os probióticos têm sido usados como uma terapia de suporte clássica adicional desde o início do tratamento. As alterações temporais do MGV renal foram avaliadas estatisticamente no último ano do período de quatro anos. A gata teve uma existência confortável e boas condições corporais durante toda a vida e a terapia com probióticos pode ter tido uma influência positiva após o diagnóstico de IRC. O exame de ultrassonografia (US) é uma ferramenta comumente usada para monitorar a situação da IRC, mas não é particularmente sensível. Portanto, o MGV pode ser mais útil para a avaliação quantitativa da extensão da insuficiência renal. Além disso, até onde se sabe, este é o primeiro relatório de uma avaliação clínica de longo prazo de MGV em um gato com IRC. O objetivo deste relato de caso foi avaliar a relação entre o MGV e as alterações clínicas e bioquímicas em um gato com insuficiência renal crônica.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Cats , Prognosis , Probiotics/therapeutic use , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/therapy , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/veterinary , Survival AnalysisABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the differences of CBCT image gray value of commonly used dental materials.Methods:CBCT was used to scan 36 kinds of commonly dental material blocks,the tomographic image gray value was measured by Mimics software.Re-sults:CBCT image gray values of the materials were obtained.There were differences of the gray values of the materials not only among the different types,but also among the different varieties of the same materials.Conclusion:The discipline of CBCT image gray value differences of commonly used dental materials provided an objective basis for the establishment of 3D digital model including dental ma-terials.
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Objective To investigate the application value of Photoshop in grading invasive risk of gastric stromal tumors (GSTs). Methods EUS image of 97 cases of GSTs confirmed by pathological and immunohistochemical examination were collected. GSTs were divided into four groups (very low risk, low risk, intermediate risk, high risk) by tumor size, mitotic count and rupture of tumor. Mean gray value (intensity of echo) and gray value standard deviation (uniformity of echo) of EUS images of the lesions were determined by Photoshop and then the differences of each group were found by statistical analysis. Results It is difficult to differentiate EUS images of GSTs from each group by visual observation. The mean gray value of EUS image of very low risk group,low risk group, intermediate risk group and high risk group of GSTs respectively were (56.54 ± 6.10), (59.20 ± 7.51), (77.77 ± 10.90) and (83.43 ± 12.47). There was no significant difference between very low risk group and low risk group (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference between intermediate risk group and high risk group (P > 0.05). In addition, the others all had significantly different from that of each group (P 0.05). In addition, the others all had significantly different from that of each group (P < 0.05). Conclusions The higher risk of GSTs, the higher of echo intensity and the worse of echo uniformity under EUS. Photoshop combined with EUS is helpful for differentiating different risk of GSTs by analyzing mean gray value and gray value standard deviation of the lesions.
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PURPOSE: When the edentulous area is restored by implant prostheses, the opposing hypofunctioned teeth will receive physiologic mechanical stimuli. This study evaluated the bone changes around the maxillary teeth opposing an implant restoration installed in the mandibular posterior area. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Radiographs of the opposing teeth were taken at prostheses delivery (baseline), 3 and 6 months later. A customized film holding device was fabricated to standardize the projection geometry for the serial radiographs of the opposing teeth. The gray values of the region of interest of each digital image were compared according to time. Repeated measured analysis of variance was performed at the 95% significance level. RESULTS: The gray values of the alveolar bone around the antagonist teeth of implants increased with time. The changes in gray values of the middle area were greater than those of the crestal area. However, the gray values of the mesial and distal areas were not different. The changes in gray values were different according to the unloaded time. CONCLUSION: A change in bone tissue will occur if a proper physiologic load is again applied to the bone tissues around a hypofunctioned tooth.
Subject(s)
Bone and Bones , Bone Remodeling , Mandible , Prostheses and Implants , ToothABSTRACT
Objective Quantitative analysis of optical coherence tomography (OCT) images of naturally occurred early enamel caries was performed to find quantitative parameter indicator for detecting early caries by OCT.Methods Three human premolars with enamel natural caries in D0,D1,and D2 stages were selected respectively and scanned by OCT.The ratios of the average gray value of the caries region (object region) and sound region (background region),namely,the object-background contrast (OBC) were calculated in OCT images and selected as the quantitative parameters to analyze the OBC trend of different degree of enamel caries.Results Within the fixed depth,the OBC value showed a trend of first increase and then decrease with the severity of dental caries,indicating that OBC value increased with the severity of dental caries from normal to D1 stage,and then decreased from D1 to D2 stage.Conclusion The OBC value can be used as a new quantitative indicator for OCT to estimate the severity of naturally occurred early caries.
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The purpose of this study was: (1) to compare nanoleakage patterns of a conventional 3-step etch and rinse adhesive system and two experimental hydrophobic adhesive systems and (2) to investigate the change of the nanoleakage patterns after load cycling. Two kinds of hydrophobic experimental adhesives, ethanol containing adhesive (EA) and methanol containing adhesive (MA), were prepared. Thirty extracted human molars were embedded in resin blocks and occlusal thirds of the crowns were removed. The polished dentin surfaces were etched with a 35% phosphoric acid etching gel and rinsed with water. Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (MP), EA and MA were used for bonding procedure. Z-250 composite resin was built-up on the adhesive-treated surfaces. Five teeth of each dentin adhesive group were subjected to mechanical load cycling. The teeth were sectioned into 2 mm thick slabs and then stained with 50% ammoniacal silver nitrate. Ten specimens for each group were examined under scanning electron microscope in backscattering electron mode. All photographs were analyzed using image analysis software. Three regions of each specimen were used for evaluation of the silver uptake within the hybrid layer. The area of silver deposition was calculated and expressed in gray value. Data were statistically analyzed by two-way ANOVA and post-hoc testing of multiple comparisons was done with the Scheffe's test. Silver particles were observed in all the groups. However, silver particles were more sparsely distributed in the EA group and the MA group than in the MP group (p < .0001). There were no changes in nanoleakage patterns after load cycling.
Subject(s)
Humans , Adhesives , Chimera , Crowns , Dentin , Electrons , Ethanol , Methanol , Molar , Phosphoric Acids , Resin Cements , Silver , Silver Nitrate , Tooth , WaterABSTRACT
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Alteration of tooth function is assumed to be changed by stress/strain on the adjacent alveolar bone, producing changes in morphology similar to those described for other load-bearing bones. When teeth are removed, opposing teeth will not be functioned. When edentulous area is restored by implant prostheses, opposing teeth will be received physiologic mechanical stimuli. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the bone changes around the teeth opposing implant restoration installed mandibular posterior area. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Eight patients who had mandibular posterior edentulous area were treated with implants. Radiographs of the opposing teeth were taken at implant prostheses delivery(baseline), 3 months, and 6 months later. Customized film holding device was fabricated to standardize the projection geometry for serial radiographs of opposing teeth. Direct digital image was obtained. Gray values of region of interest at each digital image were measured and compared according to time lapse. Repeated measured analysis of variance and post-hoc Scheffe's test were performed at the 95% significance level. RESULTS: Alveolar bone changes around the natural teeth opposing the posterior implant in mandible showed statistically significant difference compared to control group(P0.05). There were no statistically significant differences of alveolar bone changes among mesial-crestal group, mesial-middle group, distal-crestal group, distal-middle group, and control group(P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Alveolar bone around the natural teeth opposing the implant prosthesis showed gradual bony apposition.
Subject(s)
Humans , Mandible , Prostheses and Implants , Tooth , Weight-BearingABSTRACT
Objective To explore the relationship between the expression of thrombospondin-2 (TSP-2), the changes of MVD and angiogenesis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods By using SP immunohistochemical staining, the expression of TSP-2 and microvessel counting were evaluated in surgically resected specimens from 55 patients with NSCLC and 30 patients' pancancerous tissues, using the anti-TSP-2 and anti-CD34 monoclonal antibodies respectively. Results Active angiogenesis took place in NSCLC tumor tissues. Microvessel density (MVD) was associated with metastasis and clinical stage of NSCLC. Expression level of TSP-2 in the tumor tissues of 55 NSCLC patients was significantly higher than that in the pancancerous tissues from other 30 patients (149.10?2.94 vs. 145.70?4.74, P