ABSTRACT
Objetivo: determinar el efecto agudo de un Complex Training en press banca sobre el lanzamiento de la granada en pentatletas militares profesionales y aficionados. Métodos: diecinueve pentatletas militares divididos en dos grupos fueron parte del estudio. Las variables medidas fueron: distancia máxima del lanzamiento de la granada y potencias máximas en press banca. El protocolo consistió en: 4 series de 5 repeticiones al 30 por ciento de una repetición máxima, más 4 repeticiones al 60 por ciento de una repetición máxima, más 3 lanzamientos de granada con pausa de 15 segundos. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó ANOVA de medias. Resultados: la distancia máxima del lanzamiento de la granada presentó un aumento significativo entre la Serie Control y las cuatro series experimentales para el Grupo Profesional (p= 0,0019, tamaño del efecto= 0,370) y un descenso significativo en el Grupo Aficionado (p= 0,0128, tamaño del efecto = 0,305); las potencias máximas en press banca no sufrieron modificaciones significativas en ambos grupo (Grupo Profesional p= 0,15, tamaño del efecto= 0,166; Grupo Aficionado p= 0,17, tamaño del efecto= 0,199). Conclusión: el efecto agudo positivo del Complex Training fue atribuido a la Potenciación Posactivación de la musculatura involucrada en el lanzamiento. El descenso significativo en el lanzamiento de la granada observado en el Grupo Aficionado fue atribuido a la imposibilidad de sintetizar ATP posesfuerzo, lo que indujo una fatiga muscular(AU)
Purpose: Determining the acute effect of a Complex Training in bench press over grenade throwing in professional and amateur military pentathletes. Methods: Nineteen military pentathletes divided into two groups were part of the study (Professional Group = 10 and Amateur Group = 9). Variables measured were: Distance maximum in grenade throwing and peak power in bench press. Complex Training protocol consisted of: 4 sets of 5 repetitions at 30 percent of one repetition maximum + 4 repetitions at 60 percent of one repetition maximum + 3 grenade throws with a 15-second rest. For the statistical analysis, repeated measures ANOVA was used, the effect size was estimated with Eta Partial Squared. Results: Distance maximum of grenade throwing showed a significant increase between the Control Set and the four experimental sets for the Professional Group (p = 0.0019, effect size = 0.370) and a significant decrease in the Amateur Group (p = 0.0128, effect size = 0.305); peak power in bench press did not suffer significant modifications in both groups (Professional Groupp = 0.15, effect size = 0.166; Amateur Group p = 0.17, effect size = 0.199). Conclusions: The results of the study showed a positive acute effect from Complex Training on the distance of grenade throwing only for professional military pentathletes, such effect was attributed to a Post-Activation Potentiation of the muscles involved in throwing. The significant decline in grenade throwing observed in the amateur military pentathletes was attributed to the impossibility of synthetizing ATP post-workout(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Exercise Test/methods , Bombs , Military Personnel/psychology , Data Interpretation, StatisticalABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: extraction of bioactive compounds from vegetable materials is a classical operation applied in many industrial processes. Few studies have made reference to processes to obtain extracts from Punica granatum. This fruit is generally consumed as such or as fermented juices. In Cuba, it is known as grenade and numerous studies have shown antiviral, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Maceration process is the main used technology in the preparation of extracts from Punica granatum fruit, being this a long and expensive process. Ultrasound-assisted extractions have been proven to significantly decreased extraction time and increased extraction yields in many vegetable materials. However, few papers report the use of this methodology in the extraction processes of Punica granatum. OBJECTIVE: to evaluate an ultrasound-assisted extraction process to extract polyphenols from Punica granatum fruit. METHODS: an experimental surface, response 32, randomized and replicate design was made to identify the effect of the extraction time and the alcoholic concentration of the menstruum as well as an extraction study in the course of time, keeping the best extraction conditions set in the design. RESULTS: the studied parameters did not show significant influence over the process (p= 0.0981 and p= 0.8504 for time of extraction and alcoholic content, respectively). The behaviour curve of the polyphenol extraction in time showed that top concentration values were reached at 60 minutes. CONCLUSIONS: according to results, the optimal conditions of polyphenol extraction were as follows: extraction time of 60 min, and 50 percent alcoholic concentration (v/v) as menstruum(AU)
INTRODUCCIÓN: la extracción de compuestos bioactivos a partir de material vegetal es una operación clásica aplicada en muchos procesos industriales. Pocos estudios han hecho referencia a la obtención de extractos a partir de la fruta del Punicam granatum. Esta fruta es generalmente consumida en forma natural o en jugos fermentados. En Cuba es conocida como granada y numerosos estudios han demostrado sus propiedades antivirales, antioxidantes y antimicrobianas. La maceración es el principal proceso empleado en la elaboración de extractos a partir de esta fruta, siendo un proceso largo y costoso. La extracción asistida por ultrasonido es una metodología que garantiza una disminución del tiempo de extracción e incrementa los rendimientos extractivos en muchos materiales. Sin embargo, pocos trabajos informan el empleo de esta metodología en procesos extractivos a partir de P. granatum. OBJETIVO: evaluar un proceso de extracción asistida por ultrasonido para extraer los polifenoles de la fruta P. granatum. MÉTODOS: se realizó un diseño experimental de superficie respuesta 32 aleatorizado replicado en el punto central, para estudiar la influencia del tiempo de extracción y la concentración alcohólica del menstruo. Así como un estudio de extracción en el tiempo manteniendo las mejores condiciones establecidas en el diseño. RESULTADOS: los parámetros estudiados no presentaron una influencia significativa para el proceso (p= 0,0981 y p= 0,8504 para el tiempo de extracción y la concentración alcohólica del menstruo, respectivamente). La curva del comportamiento de la extracción de polifenoles en el tiempo demostró que a los 60 min se alcanzaban valores máximos de concentración. CONCLUSIONES: de acuerdo con los resultados, las condiciones óptimas de extracción fueron: tiempo de extracción 60 min y solución hidroalcohólica al 50 por ciento (v/v) como menstruo(AU)
Subject(s)
Polyphenols , Pomegranate , CubaABSTRACT
The death caused by a hand grenade detonation is extremely uncommon and specialized event in Korea cause that it used in military fields, and these cases are only investigated by CIC (Criminal Investigation Command) of ROK Army. The hand grenade is small, light weighted anti-human explosive, so it uses widely than other explosive objects. The morphological characteristics seeing in victim by hand grenade detonation are very variable according to position, distance of explosion, type of grenade, environmental effects, and so many others. We performed retrospective analysis of 23 cases of death by hand grenade in ROK Army from 1990 to 2008. These cases are classified by direction and position of wounds, injuries of external and internal organs. Most of all are contact or near contact range detonation, and the focus of detonation is suggested anterior chest wall mostly. Amputations or critical wounds are mostly located on hand, arm, anterior chest, but wounds of dorsal portion is relatively rare. Most of all are suggested to detonate grenade in standing or straightened-arm position. Internal organ damages, such as hemothorax, hemoperitoneum, hemopericardium by detonation pressure or penetration by fragments, are seen in 75% cases of all, and the organs are mostly heart, lung and other hollow organs. External examination may fail to show fatal external damage or wound. The data of this analysis would be used as adjunctive and objective examples of investigation of death by hand grenade in Korea.
Subject(s)
Humans , Amputation, Surgical , Arm , Explosions , Hand , Heart , Hemoperitoneum , Hemothorax , Homicide , Korea , Light , Lung , Military Personnel , Pericardial Effusion , Retrospective Studies , Suicide , Thoracic Wall , ThoraxABSTRACT
Hand grenade explosion is a rare occasion in our local community. Most of us have seen or heard about the injuries only from the TV news or newspaper. We report two cases of bomb blast injury that occurred in an army camp in September 2000. These case studies illustrate the clinical presentations of hand grenade blast injures that present with multiple organ involvement. We would like to share our experience in managing such cases in a busy emergency department and highlight the outcome of those two cases. Certain issues pertaining to the complexity of the injuries and mass casualty management are also highlighted.
Subject(s)
Wounds and Injuries , Hand , Malaysia , HospitalsABSTRACT
Fractures of the shaft of the humerus due to muscle violence esp. from throwing hand grenades are uncommon. Even so there are reports from many authors documenting such fractures from throwing a javerin, baseball, hand grenade and arm wrestling. Fractures of this type are usually spiral in nature; located between the middle and distal third of the humerus. We have treated four such cases during activities in which hand grenades were thrown. These fractures were sustained by military recruits in the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Capital Armed Forces General Hospital from Jan. 1980 Dec. 1980.