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1.
Medwave ; 24(05): e2920, 30-06-2024.
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1570703

ABSTRACT

Introducción La investigación sobre desinstitucionalización psiquiátrica ha descuidado el hecho que las reformas en este campo se anidan en un sistema de salud que se ha sometido a reformas financieras. Esta subordinación podría introducir incentivos desalineados con las nuevas políticas de salud mental. Según el Plan Nacional de Salud Mental de Chile, este sería el caso en los centros de salud mental comunitaria. El objetivo es comprender cómo el mecanismo de pago al centro de salud mental comunitaria es un potencial incentivo para la salud mental comunitaria. Métodos Este es un estudio mixto cuantitativo-cualitativo convergente, que utiliza la teoría fundamentada. Recolectamos datos administrativos de producción entre 2010 y 2020. Siguiendo la teoría de mecanismo de pago, entrevistamos a 25 expertos de los ámbitos pagador, proveedor y usuario. Integramos los resultados a través de la codificación selectiva. Este artículo presenta los resultados relevantes de la integración selectiva mixta. Resultados Reconocimos siete mecanismos de pago implementados heterogéneamente en los centros de salud mental comunitaria del país. Estos, responden a tres esquemas supeditados a límites de tarifa y presupuesto público prospectivo. Se diferencian en la unidad de pago. Se asocian con la implementación del modelo de salud mental comunitaria afectando negativamente a los usuarios, los servicios provistos, los recursos humanos disponibles, la gobernanza adoptada. Identificamos condiciones de gobernanza, gestión y unidad de pago que favorecerían el modelo de salud mental comunitaria. Conclusiones Un conjunto desarticulado de esquemas de pago implementados heterogéneamente, tiene efectos negativos para el modelo de salud mental comunitaria. Es necesario y posible formular una política de financiación explícita para la salud mental complementaria a las políticas existentes.


Introduction Research on psychiatric deinstitutionalization has neglected that reforms in this field are nested in a health system that has undergone financial reforms. This subordination could introduce incentives that are misaligned with new mental health policies. According to Chile's National Mental Health Plan, this would be the case in the Community Mental Health Centers (CMHC). The goal is to understand how the CMHCpayment mechanism is a potential incentive for community mental health. Methods A mixed quantitative-qualitative convergent study using grounded theory. We collected administrative production data between 2010 and 2020. Following the payment mechanism theory, we interviewed 25 payers, providers, and user experts. We integrated the results through selective coding. This article presents the relevant results of mixed selective integration. Results Seven payment mechanisms implemented heterogeneously in the country's CMHC are recognized. They respond to three schemes subject to rate limits and prospective public budget. They differ in the payment unit. They are associated with implementing the community mental health model negatively affecting users, the services provided, the human resources available, and the governance adopted. Governance, management, and payment unit conditions favoring the community mental health model are identified. Conclusions A disjointed set of heterogeneously implemented payment schemes negatively affects the community mental health model. Formulating an explicit financing policy for mental health that is complementary to existing policies is necessary and possible.

2.
Journal of Medical Informatics ; (12): 14-19,25, 2024.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1023485

ABSTRACT

Purpose/Significance The paper discusses the surrogate seeking behavior of online health information surrogate seeker of rural elderly,analyzes the characteristics of surrogate seeker in the process of behavior,and probes into the influencing factors of surrogate seeking behavior.Method/Process Semi-structured interviews are conducted with the surrogate seekers most frequently chosen by the rural elderly,and the interview results are coded.Result/Conclusion 37 initial concepts,15 sub-categories and 6 main categories are sorted out through three levels of coding,and a theoretical model of online health information surrogate seeking behavior for surrogate seeker is constructed.The influencing factors of surrogate seeking behavior include behavioral motivation,information ability,information awareness,environmental char-acteristics and intergenerational support.Surrogate seeking behavior can be divided into information retrieval,screening,processing and trans-mission processes,and surrogate seekers show the behavioral characteristics of firmness,emotional drive and subsidiarity.

3.
Chinese Mental Health Journal ; (12): 213-217, 2024.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1025514

ABSTRACT

Objective:To explore the effect of psychodrama therapy in adolescent inpatients with mental disor-ders.Methods:Totally 22 patients with mental disorders(aged 12-18 years)were recruited from the inpatient children's ward of a certain hospital.According to the interview outline,a semi-structured interview was conducted in adolescent inpatients with mental disorders who participated in 4 sessions of psychodrama therapy.These patients took psychotropic drugs regularly.The interview data were analyzed in depth by using the grounded theory meth-od.The self-compiled Psychodrama Therapy Participation Feeling and Evaluation Questionnaire was used to investi-gate the feelings,gains or changes of patients after psychodrama therapy.Results:The interview analysis found that the effects of psychodrama therapy included reducing symptoms,improving self-esteem,promoting functional recov-ery and improving social adaptability.The results of the self-compiled Psychodrama Therapy Participation Feeling and Evaluation Questionnaire showed that the top 4 aspects were promoting interpersonal relationship,being inter-esting,willing to continue to participate and improving self-confidence.Conclusion:Psychodrama therapy has an auxiliary therapeutic effect in adolescent inpatients with mental disorders,and can promote the improvement of self-esteem and social skills.

4.
Chinese Medical Ethics ; (6): 177-183, 2024.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1026148

ABSTRACT

Objective:Currently,the medical Institutional Review Board(IRB)mainly rely on experience to analyse the risks and benefits of clinical research,lacking an assessment framework of risks and benefits.Methods:Using grounded theory,interviews were conducted on 29 ethical review workers in China.Through open coding,spindle coding,and selective coding,the framework of risks and benefits for clinical research in China was constructed.NVivo11 software was used for data storage,organization,encoding,and analysis.Results:A framework of risks and benefits for clinical research was proposed based on China's national conditions.Clinical research risks consisted of physiological risk,psychological risk,economic risk,and social risk.Research benefits consisted of subject benefits and society benefits.Conclusion:This paper systematically explained the connotation of the risks and benefits of clinical research,and constructed a framework of the risks and benefits of clinical research applicable to China.It has certain innovations in theoretical research,and also provides use for reference for researchers and ethics committees to evaluate risks and potential benefits in clinical research.

5.
Rev. bras. enferm ; Rev. bras. enferm;77(1): e20230225, 2024. graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1559457

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: to learn the meanings attributed to pregnancy loss by women with Lupus. Method: qualitative research, based on Symbolic Interactionism and Grounded Theory. Data collection took place between January and August 2022 through in-depth interviews. Data analysis went through the stages of initial and focused coding. Results: seventeen women participated. The central phenomenon "The climb to motherhood: falls and overcoming" was constructed, consisting of three categories: "Falling to the ground during the climb: the experience of pregnancy loss"; "Getting up and following the path: new attempts to conceive"; and "Remembering the journey: meanings attributed to pregnancy losses". Final considerations: experiencing pregnancy is, analogously, like climbing a mountain, where obstacles need to be overcome to reach the summit. The experience of pregnancy loss is seen as complex, especially when there is fragility in healthcare and a lack of awareness regarding feelings of loss and grief.


RESUMEN Objetivo: comprender los significados atribuidos a la pérdida del embarazo por mujeres con Lupus. Método: investigación cualitativa, basada en el Interaccionismo Simbólico y la Teoría Fundamentada en Datos. La recolección de datos se realizó entre enero y agosto de 2022, mediante entrevistas en profundidad. El análisis de datos pasó por las etapas de codificación inicial y focalizada. Resultados: participaron 17 mujeres. Se construyó el fenómeno central "La subida a la maternidad: caídas y superación", conformado por tres categorías: "Caer al suelo durante la subida: la experiencia de la pérdida del embarazo"; "Levantarse y seguir el camino: nuevos intentos de concebir"; y "Recordando el viaje: significados atribuidos a las pérdidas de embarazos". Consideraciones finales: vivir el embarazo es, análogamente, como escalar una montaña, donde es necesario superar obstáculos para llegar a la cima. La experiencia de la pérdida del embarazo se considera compleja, especialmente cuando hay fragilidad en la atención de salud y falta de conciencia sobre los sentimientos de pérdida y duelo.


RESUMO Objetivo: apreender os significados atribuídos à perda gestacional por mulheres com lúpus. Método: pesquisa qualitativa, pautada no Interacionismo Simbólico e na Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre janeiro e agosto de 2022, mediante entrevistas em profundidade. A análise de dados percorreu as etapas de codificação inicial e focalizada. Resultados: participaram 17 mulheres. Construiu-se o fenômeno central "A escalada da maternidade: quedas e superações", constituído por três categorias: "Caindo ao chão durante a subida: a vivência da perda gestacional"; "Levantando e seguindo o caminho: novas tentativas de gestar"; e "Rememorando o percurso: significados atribuídos às perdas gestacionais". Considerações finais: vivenciar a gestação é, analogicamente, como escalar uma montanha, onde obstáculos precisam ser vencidos até o alcance do cume. A vivência de perdas gestacionais é significada como complexa, em especial quando há fragilidade na assistência à saúde e falta de sensibilização diante dos sentimentos de perda e luto.

6.
Rev. latinoam. enferm. (Online) ; 32: e4095, 2024. graf
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1530195

ABSTRACT

Objective: to understand the meaning attributed by men to the experience of caring for their family member with cancer and to develop a substantive theory that represents the experience of men caring for their family member with cancer. Method: this is qualitative research guided by the methodological framework of Grounded Theory and the precepts of Symbolic Interactionism. A form with identification and interview data was used. The analysis followed the substantive and theoretical coding stages. Results: 12 male caregivers of their family member with cancer participated. The constant comparative analysis of the data allowed the creation of a substantive theory "Experiencing the care of a family member with cancer: men as a caregivers" explaining the experience that has as its central category "The love that drives care", representing the symbolic actions and attitudes of men living in the context of illness due to cancer and care Conclusion: the theory allowed us to understand feelings, perceptions, ways of acting and facing the diagnosis, providing care, recognizing difficulties and learning from the situations that arise, making explicit the interactional processes and symbolic elements present and how these influence male caregivers in their actions and attitudes.


Objetivo: comprender el significado atribuido por los hombres a la experiencia de asistir a un familiar con cáncer y desarrollar una teoría sustantiva que represente la experiencia de los hombres acerca de dicho cuidado. Método: se trata de una investigación cualitativa guiada por el marco metodológico de la Teoría Fundamentada y los preceptos del Interaccionismo Simbólico. Se utilizó un formulario con datos de identificación y entrevista. El análisis siguió las etapas de codificación sustantiva y teórica. Resultados: participaron 12 hombres cuidadores de un familiar con cáncer. El constante análisis comparativo de los datos permitió elaborar una teoría sustantiva "Vivenciando el cuidado de un familiar con cáncer: el hombre como cuidador" explicando la experiencia que tiene como categoría central "El amor que impulsa el cuidado", representando la acciones y actitudes simbólicas del hombre que vive en el contexto de enfermedad por cáncer y sus cuidados. Conclusión: la teoría permitió comprender los sentimientos, percepciones, formas de actuar y afrontar el diagnóstico, brindar cuidados, reconocer dificultades y aprender de las situaciones que se presentan, explicitando los procesos de interacción y elementos simbólicos presentes y cómo influyen en los hombres cuidadores en sus acciones y actitudes.


Objetivo: apreender o significado atribuído pelos homens à vivência do cuidado ao seu familiar com câncer e elaborar uma teoria substantiva que represente a vivência de homens no cuidado ao seu familiar com câncer. Método: trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa norteada pelo referencial metodológico da Teoria Fundamentado nos Dados e pelos preceitos do Interacionismo Simbólico. Utilizouse formulário com dados de identificação e entrevista. A análise seguiu as etapas de codificação substantiva e teórica. Resultados: participaram 12 homens cuidadores de seu familiar com câncer. A análise comparativa constante dos dados permitiu a elaboração de uma teoria substantiva "Vivenciando o cuidado de um familiar com câncer: o homem como cuidador" explicativa da vivência que tem como categoria central "O amor que conduz o cuidar", representando as ações e atitudes simbólicas do homem ao viver no contexto do adoecimento por câncer e do cuidado. Conclusão: a teoria permitiu conhecer os sentimentos, percepções, modos de agir e enfrentar o diagnóstico, desempenhar o cuidado, reconhecer as dificuldades e aprender com as situações que se apresentam, deixando explícito os processos interacionais e os elementos simbólicos presentes e como estes influenciam os homens cuidadores em suas ações e atitudes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Caregivers , Grounded Theory , Symbolic Interactionism , Neoplasms/therapy
7.
Cogitare Enferm. (Online) ; 29: e91356, 2024.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1564407

ABSTRACT

RESUMO: Objetivo: identificar fatores que interferiram na atenção puerperal em uma região de fronteira na vigência da pandemia da COVID-19. Método: pesquisa qualitativa, tendo como referencial metodológico a Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados. Desenvolvida na atenção primária, em região de tríplice fronteira, Brasil, Argentina e Paraguai, com 30 participantes entre puérperas, profissionais de saúde e gestores. Coleta e análise de dados entre agosto de 2021 e maio de 2022, seguindo as etapas de codificação aberta, axial e seletiva, conforme a perspectiva straussiana. Resultados: identificaram-se quatro subcategorias: "acessando as unidades de saúde", "entendendo a visita domiciliar e a busca ativa", "tendo insuficiência de compartilhamento de informações na rede de atenção" e "evidenciando um sistema de saúde sobrecarregado". Conclusão: constatou-se que a maioria dos fatores que interferiu no atendimento das puérperas já existia, sendo agravados pela pandemia. Recomenda-se instituição de medidas que garantam compartilhamento de informações e contrarreferência em tempo oportuno.


ABSTRACT Objective: To identify factors that have interfered with puerperal care in a border region during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: qualitative research, using Grounded Theory as a methodological reference. It was developed in primary care in the triple border region of Brazil, Argentina, and Paraguay, with 30 participants, including puerperal women, health professionals, and managers. According to the Straussian perspective, data collection and analysis were collected between August 2021 and May 2022, following the stages of open, axial, and selective coding. Results: four subcategories were identified: "accessing health units", "understanding home visits and active search", "having insufficient information sharing in the care network" and "showing an overloaded health system". Conclusion: it was found that most of the factors that interfered with puerperal women's care already existed and were aggravated by the pandemic. It is recommended that measures be put in place to guarantee the sharing of information and timely counter-referrals.


RESUMEN: Objetivo: identificar factores que interfirieron en la atención posparto en una región fronteriza durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Método: investigación cualitativa, utilizando como marco metodológico la Teoría Fundamentada. Desarrollado en atención primaria, en una región de la triple frontera, Brasil, Argentina y Paraguay, con 30 participantes entre mujeres puerperales, profesionales de la salud y directivos. Recopilación y análisis de datos entre agosto de 2021 y mayo de 2022, siguiendo las etapas de codificación abierta, axial y selectiva, según la perspectiva straussiana. Resultados: se identificaron cuatro subcategorías: "acceso a las unidades de salud", "comprensión de las visitas domiciliarias y búsqueda activa", "intercambio de información insuficiente en la red de atención" y "evidencia de un sistema de salud sobrecargado". Conclusión: se encontró que la mayoría de los factores que interfirieron en el cuidado de las mujeres puerperales ya existían, siendo agravados por la pandemia. Se recomienda implementar medidas que garanticen el intercambio de información y la contrarreferencia de manera oportuna.

8.
Physis (Rio J.) ; 34: e34010, 2024. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1564906

ABSTRACT

Resumo A profilaxia pré-exposição ao HIV (PrEP) no Brasil é uma das estratégias da prevenção combinada aprovada para incorporação no SUS em 2017. Dada a sua importância, este artigo tem como objetivo descrever e analisar a incorporação da PrEP no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Para tanto, apresenta uma abordagem qualitativa, baseada nos pressupostos da Teoria Fundamentada em Dados. O processo de incorporação da PrEP no SUS foi apresentado em forma de figura, demonstrando as principais ações e argumentos de maneira cronológica. As principais categorias foram: atuação das organizações da sociedade civil e movimentos sociais; desenvolvimento das pesquisas; incorporação; implementação e ampliação da PrEP no Brasil; limites da prevenção focada no discurso sobre o uso do preservativo; principais temas de debate sobre PrEP; comunicação e níveis de informação; e contexto de desmonte das políticas de HIV/Aids. O conhecimento sobre os aspectos decisórios e de participação de atores interessados na trajetória da incorporação da PrEP pode contribuir em futuras experiências de incorporação e acesso de inovações à prevenção do HIV para as populações mais vulneráveis.


Abstract Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) is an approved HIV combined prevention strategy incorporated in Brazil in 2017. Given its importance, this article aims to describe and analyze the incorporation of PrEP into the Unified Health System (SUS). The study presents a qualitative approach, based on Grounded Theory. PrEP incorporation process was presented through an explanatory figure, describing the main actions and arguments in a chronological manner. The main actions and arguments gathered into categories are the performance of civil society organizations and social movements; research development; incorporation; implementation and enhancement of PrEP in Brazil; limits of prevention focused on the discourse of condom use; key topics of debate on PrEP; communication and information levels; and context of dismantling of HIV/Aids policies. Knowledge about stakeholders' decision-making and participation aspects in PrEP incorporation trajectory can contribute to future experiences in incorporating and accessing HIV prevention innovations for the most vulnerable populations.

9.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 44: e259618, 2024. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1558747

ABSTRACT

A sobrevivência ao câncer de mama é um problema de saúde pública que demanda serviços especializados com foco na reabilitação psicossocial. Entre as necessidades identificadas nesse contexto está o incentivo à adoção de estratégias de promoção de autocuidados pelas mulheres. Uma das estratégias adotadas consiste no grupo de apoio psicológico, que auxilia as pacientes a enfrentar a longa jornada do tratamento. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo é compreender os significados produzidos por mulheres com câncer de mama sobre sua participação em um grupo de apoio. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório realizado com dez mulheres com câncer de mama usuárias de um serviço de reabilitação para mastectomizadas. Como referencial metodológico foi utilizada a Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevista aberta em profundidade e os conteúdos foram transcritos e codificados. A análise indutiva e o método de comparação constante foram aplicados nos processos de codificação aberta, axial e seletiva, que permitiram identificar três categorias nucleares: percepção das atividades realizadas no grupo, identificação de benefícios e barreiras do convívio no grupo e transformações decorrentes da participação. As participantes significaram sua presença no grupo como fonte de acolhimento, apoio, desenvolvimento de recursos pessoais e amizades, contribuindo para promover sua qualidade de sobrevida. Além dos potenciais benefícios, também foram identificadas barreiras que podem dificultar a adesão e continuidade da participação no grupo, o que sugere a necessidade de incorporar no cuidado um olhar para as dimensões subjetivas da saúde da mulher.(AU)


Surviving breast cancer is a public health problem and depends on services focused on psychosocial rehabilitation. Healthcare providers must encourage women to adopt strategies to promote their self-care. The psychological support group is a resource that helps women to face the long journey of treatment. This study aimed to understand the meanings women with breast cancer produced about their participation in a support group. This exploratory cross-sectional study was carried out with 10 women with breast cancer who use a rehabilitation service for mastectomized patients. Grounded Theory was used as a methodological reference. An open in-depth interview was applied for data collection. The contents were transcribed and coded. Inductive analysis and the constant comparison method were applied in the open, axial, and selective coding processes, which enabled the identification of three core categories: perception of the activities carried out in the group, identification of benefits and barriers of living in the group, and transformations resulting from participation. Participants denote their involvement with the group as a source of shelter, support, development of personal resources and friendships that helps promoting quality of life. Besides these potential benefits, participants also evinced barriers that can hinder adherence and continuity of participation in the group, suggesting the importance of incorporating a look at the subjective dimensions of women's health into care.(AU)


Sobrevivir al cáncer de mama es un problema de salud pública que depende de los servicios centrados en la rehabilitación psicosocial. Entre las necesidades identificadas en esta materia se encuentra el uso de estrategias para promover el autocuidado. Uno de los recursos que ayuda a afrontar el largo camino del tratamiento es el grupo de apoyo psicológico. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer los significados que producen las mujeres con cáncer de mama sobre su participación en un grupo de apoyo. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo, descriptivo y exploratorio, realizado con diez mujeres con cáncer de mama usuarias de un servicio de rehabilitación para mastectomizadas. Como referencia metodológica se utilizó la teoría fundamentada en los datos. Se aplicó una entrevista abierta en profundidad para la recogida de datos, cuyos contenidos fueron transcritos y codificados. El análisis inductivo y el método de comparación constante se aplicaron en los procesos de codificación abierta, axial y selectiva, lo que permitió identificar tres categorías centrales: percepción de las actividades realizadas en el grupo, identificación de los beneficios y las barreras de vivir en el grupo y transformaciones resultantes de la participación. Las mujeres denotan su participación en el grupo como una fuente de acogida, apoyo, desarrollo de recursos personales y amistades, que ayuda a promover la calidad de vida. Además de los beneficios potenciales, también se identificaron barreras que pueden dificultar la adherencia y continuidad de la participación en el grupo, lo que sugiere la necesidad de incorporar en la atención una mirada centrada en las dimensiones subjetivas de la salud de las mujeres.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Psychotherapy, Group , Self-Help Groups , Breast Neoplasms , Mental Health , Grounded Theory , Oncology Nursing , Anxiety , Anxiety Disorders , Pathologic Processes , Patient Care Team , Personal Satisfaction , Physical Examination , Psychology , Psychomotor Performance , Radiotherapy , Relaxation , Religion , Self Care , Self-Care Units , Self Concept , Sleep Wake Disorders , Social Responsibility , Social Support , Socialization , Socioeconomic Factors , Stress, Physiological , Awareness , Yoga , Complementary Therapies , Breast Diseases , Activities of Daily Living , Cancer Care Facilities , Bereavement , Women's Health Services , Grief , Mammography , Biomarkers , Exercise , Mastectomy, Segmental , Family , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy , Survival Rate , Risk Factors , Morbidity , Mortality , Range of Motion, Articular , Self-Examination , Treatment Outcome , Panic Disorder , Mammaplasty , Breast Self-Examination , Comprehensive Health Care , Meditation , Chemoprevention , Life , Breast Implantation , Wit and Humor , Neoadjuvant Therapy , Hormone Replacement Therapy , Patient Freedom of Choice Laws , Crisis Intervention , Cysts , Personal Autonomy , Death , Information Dissemination , Interdisciplinary Communication , Heredity , Depression , Depressive Disorder , Diagnosis , Drug Therapy , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Emotions , Family Therapy , Early Detection of Cancer , Fatigue , Resilience, Psychological , Fertility , Molecular Targeted Therapy , Catastrophization , Chemoradiotherapy , Courage , Emotional Adjustment , Self-Control , Cancer Pain , Healthy Lifestyle , Surgical Oncology , Psychosocial Support Systems , Survivorship , Psycho-Oncology , Mentalization , Posttraumatic Growth, Psychological , Sadness , Emotional Regulation , Psychological Distress , Preoperative Exercise , Mentalization-Based Therapy , Family Support , Psychological Well-Being , Coping Skills , Emotional Exhaustion , Health Promotion , Holistic Health , Ancillary Services, Hospital , Immunotherapy , Leisure Activities , Life Change Events , Life Style , Mastectomy , Medical Oncology , Mental Disorders , Neoplasm Staging
10.
Rev. bras. enferm ; Rev. bras. enferm;77(supl.1): e20230122, 2024. graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1569690

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objectives: to understand the meanings attributed to the experiences of individuals after hospitalization for COVID-19. Methods: qualitative study, with a theoretical framework based on Symbolic Interactionism and a methodological approach grounded in Grounded Theory. Nineteen participants who had moderate and severe forms of COVID-19 after hospitalization were interviewed. Data collection took place between April and November 2021 through online interviews, and the data were analyzed using initial and focused coding in the MAXQDA software. Results: the data illustrate new meanings attributed to different aspects of life after hospitalization, including relationships with others, the environment, physical and mental health, finances, identity, and interactions with a new social reality. Conclusions: the meanings are intrinsically linked to the value of interpersonal relationships, the perception of their impact, and the consequences after hospitalization. This allows professionals to understand the importance of this information to improve care and prepare for future epidemics.


RESUMEN Objetivos: comprender los significados atribuídos a las experiencias vividas por indivíduos después de la hospitalización por COVID-19. Métodos: estudio cualitativo, con referencia teórica en el Interaccionismo Simbólico y metodológica en la Teoría Fundamentada en los Datos. Se entrevistaron a 19 participantes con formas moderadas y graves de COVID-19 después de la hospitalización. La recolección de datos tuvo lugar entre abril y noviembre de 2021, mediante entrevistas en línea, y los datos se analizaron siguiendo la codificación inicial y focalizada, utilizando el software MAXQDA. Resultados: los datos ilustran nuevos significados en diferentes aspectos de la vida después de la hospitalización, tales como en la relación con otros, con el entorno, la salud física y mental, finanzas, identidad e interacciones con una nueva realidad social. Consideraciones Finales: los significados están intrínsecamente ligados a la valorización de las relaciones interpersonales, la percepción de su impacto y las consecuencias después de la hospitalización, permitiendo a los profesionales reconocer la importancia de esta información para mejorar el cuidado y prepararse para enfrentar futuras epidemias.


RESUMO Objetivos: compreender os significados atribuídos às experiências vivenciadas por indivíduos após hospitalização pela COVID-19. Métodos: estudo qualitativo, com referencial teórico no Interacionismo Simbólico e metodológico na Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados. Foram entrevistados 19 participantes com a forma moderada e grave da COVID-19 após hospitalização. A coleta dos dados aconteceu entre abril e novembro de 2021, mediante entrevista online, e os dados foram analisados seguindo a codificação inicial e focalizada, no software MAXQDA. Resultados: os dados ilustram novos significados a diferentes aspectos da vida após hospitalização, sendo na relação com o outro, com o meio, com a saúde física e mental, finanças, identidade e interações com uma nova realidade social. Considerações Finais: os significados estão intrinsecamente ligados à valorização das relações interpessoais, à percepção de seu impacto e às consequências após hospitalização, permitindo aos profissionais perceber a importância dessas informações para melhorar o cuidado e se preparar para enfrentar futuras epidemias.

11.
Rev. gaúch. enferm ; Rev. gaúch. enferm;45: e20230141, 2024. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1569944

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the meanings attributed to pregnancy in the context of Lupus and antiphospholipid syndrome by women and healthcare professionals. Method: Qualitative research, using Symbolic Interactionism as a theoretical framework and Grounded Theory, a constructivist perspective. Data were collected between January and August 2022, through online interviews with 27 women with Lupus located on the social network Facebook and in-person or remote interviews with 12 healthcare professionals. Results: The theoretical model constructed has two categories: "Equal conditions, distinct experiences: experiencing the gestational process" shows that obstetric complications and lack of connection with healthcare professionals trigger negative meanings to the experience; and "Therapeutic management interfering in the attribution of meanings to the experience", demonstrates that the way women interact with healthcare professionals and how they manage treatment favors a positive reframing. Final considerations: The meanings attributed to pregnancy are elaborated and modified according to the interpretation of previous and current experiences, healthcare trajectory and interactions with healthcare professionals. Previous guidance, planning, bonding and trust in healthcare professionals enable positive meanings, while obstetric complications, unqualified assistance and lack of bonding with professionals provide negative meanings.


RESUMEN Objetivo: Comprender los significados atribuidos al embarazo en el contexto del Lupus y del síndrome antifosfolípido por mujeres y profesionales de la salud. Método: Investigación cualitativa, que utilizó como marco teórico el Interaccionismo simbólico y metodológico, la Teoría Fundamentada, una vertiente constructivista. Los datos fueron recolectados entre enero y agosto de 2022, a través de entrevistas online a 27 mujeres con Lupus ubicadas en la red social Facebook y entrevistas presenciales o remotas a 12 profesionales de la salud. Resultados: El modelo teórico construido tiene dos categorías: "Condiciones iguales, experiencias diferentes: vivir el proceso gestacional" muestra que las complicaciones obstétricas y la falta de conexión con los profesionales de la salud desencadenan significados negativos a la experiencia; y Gestión terapéutica interfiriendo en la atribución de significados", demuestra que la forma en que las mujeres interactúan con los profesionales de la salud y cómo conducen el tratamiento favorece la resignificación positiva.. Consideraciones finales: Los significados atribuidos al embarazo son elaborados y modificados según la interpretación de experiencias pasadas y actuales, trayectoria de atención e interacciones con profesionales de la salud. La orientación previa, la planificación, la vinculación y la confianza en los profesionales de la salud posibilitan significados positivos, mientras que las complicaciones obstétricas, la asistencia no calificada y la falta de vínculo con los profesionales proporcionan significados negativos.


RESUMO Objetivo: Compreender os significados atribuídos à gravidez, no contexto do Lúpus e da Síndrome Antifosfolípide, por mulheres e profissionais de saúde. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa, que utilizou como referencial teórico o Interacionismo simbólico e metodológico, a Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados, vertente construtivista. Os dados foram coletados entre janeiro e agosto de 2022, mediante entrevistas on-line com 27 mulheres com Lúpus, localizadas na rede social Facebook e em entrevistas presenciais ou remotas com 12 profissionais de saúde. Resultados: O modelo teórico construído possui duas categorias: "Condições iguais, experiências distintas: vivenciando o processo gestacional" mostra que complicações obstétricas e ausência de vínculo com os profissionais de saúde desencadeiam significados negativos à experiência; e "O manejo terapêutico interferindo na atribuição dos significados à experiência" demonstra que a forma com que a mulher interage com os profissionais de saúde e conduz o tratamento favorece a ressignificação positiva. Considerações finais: Os significados atribuídos à gestação são elaborados e modificados conforme a interpretação de experiências anteriores e atuais, trajetória assistencial e interações com os profissionais de saúde. A orientação prévia, o planejamento, o vínculo e a confiança nos profissionais de saúde possibilitam significados positivos. Já, as complicações obstétricas, a assistência não qualificada e ausência de vínculo com os profissionais produzem significados negativos.

12.
Horiz. enferm ; (Número especial: Investigación y práctica en condiciones crónicas de salud): 193-207, 28 dic. 2023. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BDENF, MINSALCHILE | ID: biblio-1553525

ABSTRACT

El cáncer es una de las principales causas de mortalidad en la niñez y la adolescencia. Tanto el impacto biopsicosocial y espiritual que produce, puede llevar al niño a experimentar dolor y sufrimiento. OBJETIVO: Comprender aspectos comunes percibidos por la enfermera oncológica y como se relacionan en la valoración de un niño con dolor. MÉTODO: se trató de un estudio cualitativo con diseño de teoría fundamentada de datos según referencial metodológico de Strauss y Corbin. Por medio de muestreo teórico fueron seleccionados 13 participantes profesionales de enfermería pertenecientes a diferentes hospitales de Santiago de Chile. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas y en profundidad. El estudio se rigió por medio de los criterios de credibilidad, confirmabilidad y fidelidad de Guba y Lincoln. Los datos recolectados fueron transcritos posterior a cada entrevista y analizados en tres etapas: codificación abierta, axial y selectiva. RESULTADOS: para las enfermeras que trabajan en el área de oncología infantil, es central el cuidado entregado en el proceso de enfermedad del niño hospitalizado por cáncer, considerando aspectos como el perfil de las profesionales, las emociones, la capacitación, las reacciones frente a un niño con dolor y las relaciones que existe entre ellos. CONCLUSIONES: Existen aspectos que resultan común en las enfermeras que se desempeñan en oncología infantil y que producto de las relaciones existentes entre ellos, pueden inclinar a las profesionales a reconocer el dolor en los niños con cáncer desde diversas perspectivas.


Cancer is one of the main causes of mortality in childhood and adolescence. Both the biopsychosocial and spiritual impact it produces can lead the patient child to experience pain and suffering. OBJETIVE: To understand common aspects perceived by the oncology nurse and how they are related to the assessment of a child in pain. METHOD: We conducted a qualitative study with a grounded theory approach based on Strauss and Corbin's methodological framework. Through theoretical sampling, 13 nursing professionals who worked in different hospitals in Santiago, Chile were selected. Data collection took place through semi-structured, in-depth interviews. The study followed Guba and Lincoln's criteria for credibility, confirmability, and fidelity. The data collected was transcribed after each interview and analyzed in three stages: open, axial and selective coding. RESULTS: For nurses who work in pediatric oncology, the care provided throughout the illness process for the child is central, considering aspects such as the profile of the professionals, the emotions, training, reactions to a child in pain, and the relationship that exist amongst them. CONCLUSIONS: There are common aspects amongst nurses who work in pediatric oncology. Because of the relationships between them, these aspects can help professionals to recognize pain in children with cancer following diverse perspectives.

13.
Curitiba; s.n; 20231129. 215 p. ilus.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1551288

ABSTRACT

Resumo: Puerpério é o termo utilizado para designar o período que sucede ao parto. Trata-se, no entanto, para além de um período de tempo, um momento com características peculiares, de transformações intensas e desafiadoras, tanto de cunho pessoal, quanto para o grupo social que o experiencia conjuntamente, a família. E por considerar este grupo social como significante nesse período é que este estudo busca compreender o significado da experiência do puerpério para as famílias; bem como desenvolver uma teoria substantiva representativa que explicite esta experiência; e propor contribuições para nortear o cuidado em saúde às famílias durante o puerpério. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, do tipo interpretativista, que adotou como referencial metodológico a Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados em sua corrente Corbiniana e, como aporte teórico, a perspectiva do Interacionismo Simbólico. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre fevereiro de 2021 e dezembro de 2022, mediante construção de genogramas, ecomapas e entrevistas, realizados com 39 membros de 14 famílias que experienciavam o puerpério não patológico, distribuídas em dois grupos amostrais. Os dados foram organizados com o apoio do software NVivo®, apoiados pela construção de memorandos, diagramas, através da codificação dos dados nas seguintes etapas: aberta, axial e integrativa. Seus resultados levaram ao desenvolvimento da teoria substantiva "A experiência do puerpério para as famílias: uma travessia", representada pelo conceito central "Atravessando o puerpério", que se sustenta em 35 elementos, 9 subconceitos e 3 conceitos: "Identificando a etapa do puerpério"; "Movendo-se por mudanças intensas e desafios", e "Transformando-se no decorrer da travessia". Posteriormente à sua elaboração, a teoria passou por validação com representantes de três famílias que estavam percorrendo o puerpério. Percebeu-se que para as famílias o puerpério é singular, mas construído a partir das interações sociais que se desenvolvem ao longo da vida dos membros da família e incorre em transformações diversas, impactantes e acumulativas, tanto em nível pessoal, como social. Assim, sugere-se que a atuação dos profissionais de saúde no puerpério seja centrada na família e nas interações ocorridas dentro dela, de forma a contemplar as especificidades de cada contexto social em que as pessoas envolvidas se movem e interagem para superar a crise suscitada pela adição de seu novo integrante, conforme proposições no texto. Para viabilizar essa concepção ampliada do cuidar no puerpério, indica-se que isso aconteça através de diretrizes na formação profissional, enquanto conteúdo de disciplina/curso em áreas de concentração pertinentes, assim como, na prática por meio de educação permanente aos profissionais, bem como na construção de políticas públicas que superem um olhar do puerpério como um momento fisiológico, para integrar a percepção de seu cunho social. Almeja-se que essa construção teórica possa alcançar gestores, líderes, profissionais e famílias e que desperte o desejo de trocas profícuas em favor da melhoria da atenção à saúde às famílias em todas as ocasiões em que elas estiverem atravessando o puerpério.


Abstract: Postpartum is the term used to designate the period following childbirth. It is, nevertheless, not only a period of time, but a moment of singular characteristics, of intense and challenging transformation, both on a personal basis as for the social group experiencing it together, the family. By considering this social group as significant in this period, this study aims to understand the meaning of the postpartum experience for family members; to develop a representative substantive theory to explicate this experience; and to propose contributions to guide the healthcare of the families during postpartum. A qualitative research, of an interpretative nature, which adopted as methodological reference Corbin's Grounded Theory and, as theoretical contribution, the Symbolic Interactionism perspective. Data collection occurred between February 2021 and December 2022, through the design of genograms, ecomaps and interviews, conducted with 39 members of 14 families who experienced non-pathological postpartum, distributed into two sample groups. Data was organized using the NVivo® software, supported by the creation of memoranda, diagrams, through the coding of data in the following stages: open, axial and integrative. The results led to the development of the substantive theory "The postpartum experience for families: a journey", represented by the core concept "A journey through postpartum", which is based on 35 elements, 9 sub-concepts and 3 concepts: "Identifying the postpartum period"; "Moving through intense changes and challenges", and "Transforming oneself in the course of the journey". After its preparation, the theory was validated by representatives of three families who were going through the postpartum period. It was observed that for these families, postpartum is singular, but built from social interactions that were developed throughout the lives of the family members and results in various, impactful and cumulative transformations, both personally and socially. Accordingly, it is suggested that the work of health professionals be centered on the family and on interactions that occur within it, in order to consider the specificities of each social context in which the people involved move and interact in order to overcome any crises raised by the addition of a new member, according to the propositions of the text. To enable this expanded conception of healthcare during postpartum, this should occur through guidelines during professional training, as discipline/course content in pertinent areas of concentration, as well as during practice, through continued education for professionals, and the development of public policies overcoming the perspective of postpartum as a physiological moment, integrating the perception of its social nature. It is hoped that this theoretical construct may reach managers, leaders, professionals and families, awakening the will for fruitful exchanges in favor of improving the healthcare of families in their journey through the postpartum.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Family , Family Health , Delivery of Health Care , Postpartum Period , Social Interaction , Family Support
14.
Article in Portuguese | SaludCR, LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1520872

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O Cuidado Paliativo domiciliar, aliado ao trabalho multiprofissional e à presença de um cuidador familiar, possibilita a produção de autonomia e de alternativas criativas no cuidado. Objetivo: Compreender as condições relacionadas ao tornar-se cuidador familiar principal de um membro da família que recebe cuidados paliativos por serviço de Atenção Domiciliar. Metodologia: Pesquisa qualitativa, explicativa, utilizando a perspectiva metodológica de Strauss e Corbin da Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados. Realizamos entrevistas em profundidade com 18 participantes, sendo nove cuidadores familiares e nove profissionais de enfermagem de um Serviço de Atenção Domiciliar e as analisamos pelas codificações aberta, axial e seletiva. Posteriormente, apresentamos as categorias construídas em uma roda de conversa com 15 cuidadores familiares e nove profissionais para a validação teórica. Resultados: O processo de tornar-se cuidador familiar relaciona-se a três subcategorias analíticas: ''Assumindo o cuidado domiciliar do familiar dependente''; ''(Des) conhecendo a condição de saúde do familiar e o significado de cuidados paliativos''e ''Vivenciando os cuidados paliativos e lidando com a possibilidade de morte''. Destaca-se que os familiares tornaram-se cuidadores pela imperativa necessidade do cuidado de um parente. A compreensão sobre o significado de cuidado paliativo foi se instituindo pela vivência deste familiar e pelo lidar diário com a condição e possibilidades de morte, mediada pela equipe de Atenção Domiciliar, destacando-se os profissionais de enfermagem. Os profissionais atuantes no serviço mostraram dificuldades para abordarem o tema da morte e de cuidado paliativo com paciente e cuidador. Conclusão: Tornar-se cuidador familiar mostra-se um processo complexo, permeado por diversas interações entre pacientes, cuidadores familiares e profissionais da saúde. Identificou-se que as dificuldades nesse processo podem ser amenizadas por meio de estratégias adotadas pelos profissionais para ampliar a comunicação e o apoio frente às singularidades das famílias e, também, através da implementação de políticas públicas que favoreçam o cuidador.


Introducción: El cuidado paliativo en el hogar, aliado al trabajo multiprofesional y a la presencia de una persona familiar cuidadora, posibilita la obtención de autonomía y de alternativas creativas en el cuidado. Objetivo: Comprender las condiciones relacionadas al convertirse en la persona cuidadora principal de un miembro de la familia que recibe cuidados paliativos en el hogar. Método: Investigación cualitativa, utilizando la perspectiva metodológica de Strauss y Corbin de la teoría fundamentada en los datos. Se realizaron entrevistas exhaustivas a 18 participantes, 9 familiares cuidadores y 9 profesionales de enfermería de un Servicio de Atención en el Hogar. Estas entrevistas fueron analizadas por codificación abierta, axial y selectiva. Posteriormente, se presentan las categorías identificadas en una rueda de conversación con 15 familiares cuidadores y 9 profesionales para su validación teórica. Resultados: El proceso de convertirse en una persona cuidadora familiar está relacionado a tres subcategorías analíticas: ''Comprometiéndose con la asistencia en el hogar de la persona familiar dependiente.''; ''(Des) conociendo la condición de salud de la persona familiar y el significado de los cuidados paliativos''y ''Vivenciando los cuidados paliativos y lidiando con la posibilidad de muerte''. Se destaca que familiares se convierten en cuidadores por la imperativa necesidad de cuidados de un pariente. La comprensión del significado de los cuidados paliativos fue instituida por la experiencia de esta persona integrante de la familia y por el tratamiento diario de la condición y posibilidades de muerte, mediada por el equipo de asistencia en el hogar, especialmente las personas profesionales de enfermería. Las personas profesionales de enfermería que actúan en el servicio mostraron dificultades para abordar el tema de la muerte y los cuidados paliativos con pacientes y cuidador. Conclusión: Convertirse en persona cuidadora familiar es un proceso complejo, permeado por diferentes interacciones entre pacientes, cuidadores familiares y profesionales de la salud. Se identificó que las dificultades en ese proceso pueden ser paliadas a través de estrategias adoptadas por las personas profesionales para ampliar la comunicación y el apoyo frente a las singularidades de las familias y, también, a través de la implementación de políticas públicas que favorezcan a quien realiza el cuidado.


Introduction: Palliative care at home, combined with multiprofessional work and the presence of a family caregiver, enables the achievement of autonomy and creative alternatives in caregiving. Objective: To understand the conditions related to becoming the main caregiver of a family member receiving palliative care at home. Method: Qualitative research, using Strauss and Corbin's methodological perspective of Grounded Data Theory. In-depth interviews were conducted, with 18 participants: nine family caregivers and nine nursing professionals from a Home Care Service, and were analyzed them by open, axial and selective coding. Subsequently, the categories identified in a conversation with fifteen family caregivers and nine professionals are presented for theoretical validation. Results: The process of becoming a family caregiver is related to three analytical subcategories: "Engaging in the home care of the dependent family member"; " (Un) knowing the health condition of the family member and the meaning of palliative care," and "Experiencing palliative care and coping with the possibility of death". It is emphasized that family members became caregivers due to the imperative need for care of a relative. The understanding of the meaning of palliative care was instituted by the experience of this family member, by the daily treatment of the condition, and the possibilities of death, mediated by the Home Care team, especially the nursing professionals. The professionals working in the service showed difficulties in addressing the theme of death and palliative care with patients and caregivers. Conclusion: Becoming a family caregiver is a complex process, permeated by different interactions between patients, family caregivers and health professionals. It was identified that the difficulties in this process can be mitigated through strategies adopted by professionals to expand the communication and the support for the specific needs of families and, also, through the implementation of public policies that favor the caregiver.


Subject(s)
Humans , Palliative Care , Caregivers/education , Home Nursing , Brazil
15.
Horiz. sanitario (en linea) ; 22(1): 163-171, Jan.-Apr. 2023. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1528701

ABSTRACT

Resumen: Objetivo: Analizar la percepción e intención de práctica de la lactancia materna (LM) en adolescentes de ambos sexos que aún no han sido padres. Material y métodos: Se efectuó un estudio cualitativo basado en la teoría fundamentada y siguiendo el criterio de la saturación empírica. Se realizaron 21 entrevistas semiestructuradas a estudiantes entre 15 y 18 años de edad en preparatorias de la ciudad de Monterrey, Nuevo León, México. Resultados: Se identificaron cuatro patrones sobre la percepción e intención de practicar la LM: tradicional; indecisa; rechazo; e igualitarista. Conclusiones: La intención de apoyar o practicar la LM se relaciona a identidades de género y al proyecto de tener hijos y/o un proyecto de desarrollo personal-laboral. Existe convergencia entre distintas percepciones e intenciones de practicar la LM en el futuro, lo cual apunta a revisar las políticas en la materia.


Abstract: Objective: To analyze the perception and intention to practice breastfeeding (BF) in adolescents of both genders who have not yet been parents. Material and Methods: This was a qualitative study based on grounded theory with empirical saturation. Twenty-one semi-structured interviews were conducted with students between 15 and 18 years of age in preparatory schools in Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico. Results: Four patterns on the perception and intention of practicing breastfeeding were identified: traditional; undecided; rejection; and egalitarian. Conclusions: The intention to support or practice BF is related to gender identities and the project of having children and / or a personal- labor development project. There is convergence between different perceptions and intentions to practice BF in the future, which aims to review policies in this area.

16.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.);28(4): 1139-1150, abr. 2023. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1430170

ABSTRACT

Resumo Este estudo objetivou construir teorização a partir da concepção de atores sociais acerca das razões da não inserção da atenção à saúde bucal na Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF) no município de Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, fundamentado no referencial teórico construído com base na Política Nacional de Saúde Bucal e metodológico na Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados (TFD). Foram realizadas 11 entrevistas intensivas com atores sociais da gestão, do controle social e cirurgiões-dentistas do serviço público do município. Os dados foram categorizados segundo a TFD e a partir do processo de análise dos dados, construiu-se a teorização do estudo e obteve-se como categoria central "Consequência de uma concepção hegemônica doença-centrada da saúde para o modelo de atenção à saúde bucal". A concepção de saúde dos atores sociais do município contribuiu para a não inserção da atenção à saúde bucal na ESF. A teorização permitiu a identificação da origem das condições do fenômeno estudado e poderá contribuir para tomada de decisões dos atores sociais em futuras ações políticas.


Abstract This study aimed to theorize, by means of social actors' conception, about the reasons for the non-inclusion of oral health in the Family Health Strategy (FHS) in the city of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil. This is a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive, and analytical study based on the grounded theory methodology and the National Oral Health Policy. Eleven interviews were performed with public managers, delegates who participate in the municipal health council, and dental surgeons who belong to the public health service. The theorization of the study was created through the data analysis process, which resulted in "a consequence of the dominant disease-centered oral health care model" as the main category. Data were categorized according to a methodological framework. The health concept set forth by local social actors contributed to the non-inclusion of oral healthcare teams (OHTs) in the FHS. This theorization identified the origins of the studied phenomenon and can aid in future policy decision-making carried out by local social actors.

17.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-984535

ABSTRACT

ObjectiveTo explore the clinical experience and characteristics of treating phlegm syndrome with Erchen Decoction (二陈汤) by ZHU Zhenheng, a famous doctor in Jin-Yuan Dynasty, and provide ideas for treating various diseases from phlegm in clinical practice. MethodsThis study comprehensively collected the medical cases and discussions of Erchen Decoction in treating phlegm syndrome in ZHU Zhenheng's six types of medical works. With the help of qualitative grounded theory method, pathogenesis and treatment were coded by Nvivo 11, and finally the pathogenesis and treatment system of ZHU Zhenheng using Erchen Decoction in the treatment of phlegm syndrome was constructed. ResultsA total of 48 medical case reports of ZHU Zhenheng using Erchen Decoction to treat phlegm were collected, having 52 discussions about Erchen Decoction, and involving 38 miscellaneous internal diseases such as vomiting, fullness, and stroke, six gynecological diseases, four pediatric diseases and four surgical diseases. According to the pathogenesis, ZHU Zhenheng mainly used Erchen Decoction in modifications to treat the tangible phlegm such as damp phlegm (28), cold phlegm (17), hot phlegm (17), wind phlegm (15), food phlegm (13), phlegm stasis (7), and phlegm-rheum (3), as well as invisible phlegm such as latent phlegm mainly composed of qi phlegm (27), and deficiency phlegm (15). Seven methods are suggested to treat corresponding syndromes based on the different pathogenesis, which are fortifying the spleen and reinforcing healthy qi (28), warming the center and dissipating cold (15), nourishing blood and supplementing yin (10), rectifying qi and relieving constraint (34), raising the clear and directing the turbid downward (11), dispelling wind and eliminating dampness (39), and discharging heat and moving stagnation (17). ConclusionZHU Zhenheng widely uses Erchen Decoction dissolving phlegm, draining phlegm and dispelling phlegm methods to treat internal, surgical, gynecological and pediatric diseases caused by tangible phlegm such as damp phlegm, qi phlegm, cold phlegm, hot phlegm, wind phlegm, deficiency phlegm and invisible phlegm.

18.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-989742

ABSTRACT

Through literature search and screening, with qualitative research methods and the guidance of the three-level coding framework of grounded theory, literature about interview and factual records with Kampo medicine as theme was analyzed to explore concern areas and key points of Kampo medicine. The included literature mainly showed the modern development prospect of Kampo medicine from the fields of the revival background, laws and regulations, clinical work, education and teaching, scientific research, Kampo medicine industry, periodicals and books, representatives, symbolic events, organization and communication of Kampo medicine. Among them, half or more of the literature involved specific aspects such as clinical diagnosis and treatment methods of Kampo medicine, international communication, drug dosage forms and marketing, scientific research institutions and clinical research, and university education. At the same time, the specific aspects of events, legislation, organizations, periodicals, books and representatives mentioned in the literature provided important indexes for the comparative study of traditional medicine between China and Japan. In the future, the above fields and aspects can be set as starting points and main framework to further obtain and research relevant interviews and documentary literature, so as to promote the communication and development of traditional medicine at home and abroad.

19.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-990312

ABSTRACT

Objective:To construct a conceptual framework of burnout among primary caregivers of stroke patients based on grounded theory.Methods:According to the characteristics of age, gender, relationship with patients, length of care and other characteristics of purpose sampling method, from December 2021 to March 2022, 31 primary caregivers of stroke patients were selected for semi-structured interviews in two second-class hospitals, a first-class hospitals and a community health service station in Wuzhong city and Yinchuan city. The data were analyzed in procedural grounded theory method.Results:A total of 29 primary categories and 9 secondary categories were formed. The conceptual framework of burnout among primary caregivers of stroke patients was finally established, which consisted of four main categories (role burnout, physical burnout, psychological burnout and social burnout) and a core category (burnout of primary caregivers of stroke patients).Conclusions:The conceptual framework of burnout among primary caregivers of stroke patients constructed in this study elaborates the connotation of burnout of primary caregivers of stroke patients from four aspects, which can provide a basis for the development of assessment tools and the formulation of intervention measures in the future.

20.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-996048

ABSTRACT

Objective:To analyze the current development of ethics committees in China, for reference in promoting their progress to catch up with the current social development in China.Methods:From July to August 2022, a self-designed questionnaire was used to survey the status of ethics committees in secondary and above hospitals, the disease prevention and control centers and infectious disease hospitals nationwide, using multi-stage stratified sampling method for sampling. A descriptive analysis of questionnaire data was made on the data so collected. In 2022, 22 ethics committees were selected through stratified sampling based on the eastern, central, and western economic zones, and in-depth interviews were conducted with their secretaries. The interviews covered such factors as issues encountered in ethics review, specific suggestions for medical ethics training work, and the necessity of establishing an independent third-party social evaluation institution for ethics committees. The grounded theory was used to encode the interview data in three levels, and NVivo 11.0 software was used for coverage, emotion recognition and word frequency analysis.Results:107 questionnaires were effectively collected, covering 23 provincial-level administrative regions. Among them, 63 ethics committees operated as an independent office; 49 of the committees had one ethics expert as their member, and 80 institutional administrators served as the committee chairpersons at the same time; 107 institutions had developed their articles of association and ethical review regulations; 21 had not yet established a tracking and review mechanism; 33 institutions had not conducted education and training activities for the public, and only 25 institutions had passed the certification of relevant ethical certification systems at home and abroad. The results of the grounded theory analysis showed the following three problems in the construction of ethics committees: efficiency and quality of ethical review, ethical training, and multi-institution construction. Among the secondary nodes, the reference points focused on member capacity ( 24), work operation ( 24) and training activities ( 17) .Conclusions:At present, the ethics committees in China were steadily developing and were not yet perfect in terms of infrastructure, membership composition, review and supervision, education and training, and evaluation and accreditation. It is necessary to further optimize the allocation of resources, improve the membership structure and the proportion of experts from different specialties participating in ethical review, and strengthen the construction of regional ethic committees.

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