Determination of ABO Blood Grouping from Dentin and Pulp from Freshly Extracted Teeth and Teeth Stored in Sea Water Using Absorption Elution and Absorption Inhibition Method

Introduction: Forensic Odontology plays a role in discerning a deceased individual in any disaster condition. In highly necrotised bodies, ABO blood group antigens can be found from teeth. Aim: We studied ABO blood grouping from dentin and pulp in freshly extracted teeth and also from the teeth stored in sea water. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 samples were selected & divided into 3 groups with 20 samples each. Group I analyzed within period of a week without any storage medium, group II, III were analyzed after 1 and 2 month of storage in sea water. Results: Statistical analysis was done using chi square test. By Absorption –Elution, pulp in group I, II, III, gave 90%,75%,75% of positivity. In dentin, Group I, II, III showed 55%, 45%, 20% of positivity. By Absorption -Inhibition method pulp in group I, II, III showed 45%, 20%, 0% of positivity. In dentin, group I, II, III showed 20%,5%,5% of positivity. Conclusion: This study concluded that pulp is most reliable than dentin even in sea water storage and absorption elution is most effective method in blood group identification in teeth than absorption inhibition method. ==================================== Introduction: Oral cancer (OC) is associated with various risk factors and high mortality rates, and contributes significantly to the worldwide cancer burden. Objectives: To assess and evaluate patients’ current knowledge, awareness, and behavior regarding OC risk in a cancer trust hospital. Materials and Methods: The study involved 600 patients who attended cancer trust hospital, East Godavari district, from September 2021 to October 2021. A self- administered questionnaire of 20-questions was given to each patient that included socio-demographic and disease-specific information and their answers evaluated. Results: The data was examined using descriptive statistics, and the connection between the variables, education, family income, and other factors was assessed using a chi-square test (with a 5% significance threshold). The results were analysed with reference to their implications for interventions aimed at patient’s awareness for oral cancer symptoms. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, people lacked information and awareness about identified risk factors for oral cancer. Knowledge of maintaining a healthy lifestyle that eliminates the consumption of established oral cancer risk factors was low. At the community and individual levels, health education linked to primary prevention of oral cancer must be improved.

GOLD Strategy Update 2023: Rationale and Clinical Implications in Indian Perspective

Chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) is a major contributor to global disease burden with a huge socioeconomic impact. Global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease (GOLD) strategy update 2023 is a step forward in the direction of evidence-based practice. Key topics like taxonomic classification, ABE grouping, single inhaler triple therapy, correct use of inhalers, etc. would have a positive impact on documentation and prescription practices in COPD management. The tobacco consumption habits are peculiar in India. There is a variation in prevalence estimates across diverse cultures. Non-smoking risk factors are important in Indian subcontinent especially in female and younger populations. We discuss the rationale of latest GOLD strategy update, its implications, and challenges in the management of COPD in Indian context.

Preoperative prediction of risk groups for medulloblastoma in children with MRI features / 中华放射学杂志

Objective:To analyze the MRI features of medulloblastoma (MB) in children, and screen out the key signs that can predict the risk of MB before surgery.Methods:Clinical and radiological data of 62 children with MB confirmed by pathology in Shenzhen Children′s Hospital from December 2012 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the diagnosis and treatment guidelines for children with MB (2021 edition), the patients were divided into standard risk group (43 cases) and high risk group (19 cases). MRI features of MB were observed and recorded, including tumor site, location of tumor center, tumor morphology, signal intensity of T 1WI, T 2WI and diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), enhancement pattern, cystic lesion size, location and number, peritumoral edema and hydrocephalus, and the maximum diameter of tumor was measured. The χ 2 test or Fisher exact probability method was used to compare the differences in age, gender and MRI signs between the two groups. The t test of two independent samples was used to compare the differences in the maximum diameter of tumors between the two groups. The indicators with statistically significant differences were included in binary logistic regression analysis to obtain independent influencing factors associated with the risk groups. The receiver operation characteristic curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy. Results:There were significant differences in age ( P=0.026), enhancement pattern ( P=0.018), cystic lesion size ( P=0.005), location ( P=0.011) and number ( P=0.003) between standard risk group and high risk group. There were no significant differences in gender, tumor site, location of tumor center, tumor morphology, signal intensity of T 1WI, T 2WI and DWI, peritumoral edema, hydrocephalus and maximum diameter of tumor between the two groups ( P>0.05). Binary logistic regression results showed the age (OR=0.207, 95%CI 0.040-0.983, P=0.042) and the number of cystic lesions (OR=0.215, 95%CI 0.073-0.630, P=0.005) were the protective factors for MB in high risk group, the enhancement pattern Ⅲ (OR=5.226, 95%CI 1.516-52.920, P=0.048) was the dangerous factor for MB in high risk group. The area under the curve of the combined diagnosis of high risk MB was 0.845 (95%CI 0.741-0.949). Conclusions:The age and MRI signs the pattern of tumor enhancement Ⅲ and the number of cystic lesion can be used to predict the risk grouping of MB preoperatively. When the child is younger and MB enhancement pattern is mainly peripheral enhancement without obvious cystic change, it may indicate high risk MB.

Application and evaluation of human antibodies in ABO grouping / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To evaluate the application of monoclonal typing reagents and human anti-A/B antibodies for absorption-elution test in ABO grouping. 【Methods】 The specificity of monoclonal typing reagents and human anti-A/B antibodies with standard A, B, O and AB phenotypes at 4 ℃, room temperature, and 37 ℃ were compared. Affinity was evaluated by the titer, agglutination time and agglutination intensity of the reaction with A1/B cells. 29 samples with ABO discrepancy were tested to evaluate the ability of monoclonal typing reagents and human anti-A/B antibodies to detect weak antigens in absorption-elution test. 【Results】 The specificity and affinity of human anti-A/B antibodies are low, and monoclonal typing reagents have cross reactivity. Human anti-A/B antibodies can detect most weak antigens in absorption-elution test with no cross reactivity. 【Conclusion】 In ABO grouping, the human anti A/B antibody binding absorption-elution test can serve as a supplement method for identifying ABO weak antigens. Accurate results can be obtained with reasonable reagents and corresponding methodology in serological tests,thus ensuring the safety of blood transfusion.

Analysis of the grouping effect and hospitalization cost of patients with malignant proliferative disease in a hospital under DRG payment / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To analyze the grouping effect and composition of hospitalization costs for cases of patients with malignant proliferative disease under the diagnosis-related group （DRG） payment system， as well as any changes， in order to provide a basis for medical institutions to improve DRG payment-related measures， control drug costs， and for relevant departments to make decisions. METHODS The data of patients with malignant proliferative disease cases were collected from a “Third Grade Class A” hospital in 2021 and 2022， and the variation coefficient （CV） was used to evaluate the grouping of DRG. The structural variation degree and the new grey correlation analysis were used to study the structural variation of hospitalization cost and the correlation degree between the hospitalization cost and the cost of other items. RESULTS The overall reduction in variance （RIV） for the DRG group of patients with malignant proliferative disease was 79.36%； the CV of other groups were all lower than one except that the RW21 group was 1.09. Compared with 2021， the hospitalization cost for patients with malignant proliferative disease in 2022 decreased by 17.80%， and the decreases in management fees and drug costs were 32.15% and 21.30%， respectively， while the per capita medical expenses increased by 17.26%. The new grey correlation degree of drug cost decreased， but that of medical expenses increased. CONCLUSIONS Under the DRG payment system， hospitalization costs for patients with malignant proliferative disease in the sample hospital decrease， but the grouping efficiency of RW21 and other disease groups needs improvement， and the cost structure needs optimization.

Transfusões sanguíneas realizadas em um hospital do sul de Santa Catarina: características dos pacientes e reações transfusionais relacionadas / Blood transfusions performed at a hospital in southern Santa Catarina: characteristics of patients and related transfusion reactions

Introdução: As transfusões de hemoderivados não são totalmente isentas de reações adversas, sendo necessário um controle rigoroso das práticas que envolvem as transfusões para reduzir os riscos relacionados. Objetivo: Mensurar as transfusões de hemoderivados realizadas no Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceição de Tubarão/SC e caracterizar o perfil dos pacientes transfundidos e reações adversas relacionadas ao procedimento. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal a partir dos dados referentes aos pacientes internados no Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceição que receberam transfusão de hemoterápicos, no período de julho de 2014 a junho de 2015. Resultados: Foram analisadas 6.262 transfusões e 12 reações adversas notificadas relacionadas a essas transfusões. O perfil predominante dos pacientes foi o sexo masculino (56,8%), internados pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) (79,8%), e em leitos de enfermaria (37,3%). Os tipos sanguíneos mais prevalentes foram o tipo O e tipo A, os quais, somados, corresponderam a 87% dos pacientes com necessidade de transfusão, e 86,8% dos pacientes tinham fator Rh positivo. A maioria (78,5%) dos pacientes transfundidos recebeu o hemocomponente concentrado de hemácias (CH). O principal sinal pós-transfusão encontrado foi a febre (41,7%). Conclusão: A taxa de reações adversas encontradas foi menor que a média brasileira, sugerindo bom controle transfusional.

Introduction: Blood product transfusions are not completely free from adverse reactions, and rigorous control of practices involving transfusions should be enforced to reduce related risks. Objective: To measure blood product transfusions performed at Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceição, in Tubarão-SC, and characterize the profile of patients who received transfusions as well as adverse reactions related to this procedure. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study performed with data from hospitalized patients at Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceição who received blood product transfusions from July 2004 to June 2015. Results: We analyzed 6,262 transfusions and 12 reports of adverse reactions related to these procedures. Most of the patients were male (56.8%), hospitalized through the Unified Health System (SUS) (79.8%) in general wards (37.3%). The most prevalent blood types were O and A, which together accounted for 87% of patients requiring transfusions; 86.8% of all patients were Rh-positive. Most (78.5%) patients who underwent transfusions received packed red blood cells (PRBC). The main sign observed after transfusions was fever (41.7%). Conclusion: The rate of adverse reactions observed in this study was lower than the Brazilian average, suggesting an adequate management of transfusion procedures.

Genetic divergence between pumpkin accessions for morphoagronomic characters

The objective of this work was to evaluate the diversity between accessions of Cucurbita moschata from the Northeast of Brazil and preserved at the Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA) in Mossoró-RN. The experiment was carried out in complete randomized blocks, with two replications and three plants per plot. The treatments consisted of 51 accessions of C. moschata Duch and a commercial cultivar of Cucurbita maximum Duch. After ripening, the fruits were harvested (one fruit per plant) and evaluated for morpho-agronomic descriptors. Univariate and multivariate variance analyzes were performed. From the dissimilarity matrices, accessions were hierarchically grouped by the UPGMA method. The relative contribution of quantitative characters to the divergence was also estimated. There was an effect of accessions (p <0.01 or p <0.05) for all characters in univariate analyzes, indicating that there is heterogeneity between the accessions evaluated. Considering the quantitative descriptors, the accessions formed eight groups and for the qualitative six groups. When considering the two sets of descriptors, the accessions were distributed in eight groups but presenting a greater distribution of accessions. The descriptors that most contributed to the discrimination of accessions were the firmness of the pulp and the length of the fruit.

Grouping rules and implications of MS-DRG in the United States / 中华医院管理杂志

The United States is the first country to implement DRG payment in the world, and its MS-DRG(medical severity DRG)version has been used for reference by many countries and regions. In order to ensure the universal applicability of DRG grouping scheme and adapt to the clinical reality, the MS-DRG grouping scheme should follow such grouping rules as similarity of resource consumption, clinical similarity and easy management of DRG groups. This paper presented the evolution of MS-DRG and expounded on its grouping rules in detail, for reference in the amendment and improvement of grouping rules in CHS-DRG.

Causes of ABO forward and reverse grouping discrepancy: 75 cases / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To analyze the causes and solutions of ABO forward and reverse grouping discrepancy, and to ensure the safety of blood transfusion in clinical. 【Methods】 Samples from 75 patients with discrepancy between forward and reverse grouping in December 2019 and March 2022 were tested and analyzed in combination with saline method(forward and reverse grouping), direct antiglobulin test, antibody screening, antibody identification, increasing plasma volume, incubation enhancement test at 4℃, absorption-eluation test and molecular biological tests. 【Results】 Causes for abnormal reverse typing were as follows : weak antibody in 11 cases(14.67%), unexpected antibody in 19 cases(25.33%), inverted albumin and globulin ratios in 9 cases(12.00%), increased white blood cells in 3 cases(4.00%), inadequate anticoagulation in 3 cases(4.00%), bone marrow transplantation in 2 cases(2.67%), multiple myeloma in 4 cases(5.33%), acute gastrointestinal bleeding in 3 cases(4.00%). Causes for abnormal forward typing were as follows: self-coagulating in 1 case(1.33%), acute leukemia in 7cases(9.34%), post-transplantation in 1 case(1.33%). Causes for abnormal forward/reverse typing: acute leukemia in 1 case(1.33%), condensin syndrome in 1 case(1.33%), autoimmune hemolytic anemia in 6 cases(8.00%), subtype in 4 cases(5.33%). Results of genotying in 7 cases were as follows: B(A) 04 for 1 case, B(A)02 2 cases, AB3 1case, A1 2 cases, and 1case with new genotype. 【Conclusion】 For patients with forward and reverse typing discrepancy for ABO blood group, several studying methods, such as clinical/serological tests inquiring, absorption-eluation tests and molecular biological tests, should be combined to ensure blood transfusion safety.

Blood Grouping With ABD PAD- Efficacy And Comparison With Standard Method A Pilot Study

Background:In transfusion service,it is very important to carry out blood group with perfection. Blood grouping is a fast and easy way to ensure that you receive the right kind of blood for right patient.There are many methods we usefor blood grouping like Slide method,test tube method,column agglutination method anderythrocyte magnetic technique. Test tube method is gold standard method for blood grouping. We need to verify donor blood groupin blood bank or at camp site, for patients at bed side, at the time of issue of blood unit or at the time of dire emergency so to verifythe blood group in Blood centres we require the results of blood grouping urgently. ABD PAD® is a new device for the quick confirmation of the ABO blood group. Materials And Methods:In this Pilot study,200 samples were taken of which 100 were donor samples and 100 were patient samples. Blood grouping was performed on the ABD PAD, and results were compared with conventional tube technique and automate platform, Qwalys 3 (Diagast) EMT technique.Results:All 200 tests performed on the ABD PAD were concordant with other standard methods, namely the Test Tube technique and automated platform, Qwalys 3 (Diagast).The results of ABD PAD were quicker(within 30 seconds) and easy to interpret.Discussion:The manual confirmation of the ABO group and RH-rhesus is a repetitive and time consuming task. It requiresfollowing a procedure handling several reagents. In this context, the ABD pad is a ready to use device using the latex technology M-TRAP, facilitating the procedure intendedfor the confirmation of ABO/Rh. The only drawback is that we are not able to perform reverse grouping. Conclusion:ABD PAD is very useful for blood grouping in donors in the blood bank as well as in outdoor blood donation camp and at the time of issue of blood unit when we want to re-check the blood group of the issue bag. It is easy to interpret, fast, reliable and results are comparable with standard methods.

Application of bilingual mixed grouping in ward round teaching for overseas students in cardiology department / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Due to the problems of language barriers and cultural differences existing in the current clinical practice teaching activities of overseas students, this study proposes to divide the oversea students and Chinese students into bilingual mixed groups in the ward rounds teaching. Through the selection of typical cases and the application of flipped classroom, the Chinese and English versions of learning materials related to disease are provided to the interns for learning in advance, and the oversea students and Chinese students are requested to complete the history and auxiliary examination data collection in Chinese and English in cooperation, and then the teacher leads the group to carry out ward rounds teaching, including bedside English history report, physical examination, case analysis, discussion and summary, so as to improve the participation enthusiasm of overseas students and also improve the teaching effects.

Clinicopathological Features and Expression of P504s,E-cadherin,Erythroblast Transformation-specific Related Gene and Estrogen Receptor in Prostate Adenocarcinoma in Tibet / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological features and immunohistochemical expression of P504s,E-cadherin,erythroblast transformation-specific related gene(ERG)and estrogen receptor(ER)in prostate adenocarcinoma in Tibet.Methods The clinical data of 15 patients with prostate adenocarcinoma diagnosed by the Department of Pathology of Tibet Autonomous Region People's Hospital from September 2013 to September 2020 were analyzed retrospectively.All patients were assigned to prognostic grade groups based on Gleason score according to the WHO 2016 criteria.Immunostaining of P504s,E-cadherin,ERG,and ER was performed.Results The age of all 15 patients ranged from 61 to 86 years.The serum prostate specific antigen(PSA)concentration was ≥20 ng/ml in 12 patients and<20 ng/ml in 3 patients.Among the 15 patients,11 underwent needle biopsy,1 transurethral resection of the prostate,and 3 radical prostatectomy.Prognostic grouping results revealed 5 cases in grade groups 1-3,4 cases in grade group 4,and 6 cases in grade group 5.Immunohistochemistrically,15 cases(100%)were positive for P504s,E-cadherin and PSA;one case(7%)was positive for ERG;all cases were negative for P63,ER and CK34βE12.Thirteen cases were followed up for 2-48 months,with 2 cases treated with total prostatectomy and 11 cases with non-surgical treatment.Two cases were lost to follow-up. Conclusions Prostate adenocarcinoma is rare relatively in Tibet.The accuracy of diagnosis can be improved by using multiple immunohistochemical markers.The cases of grades 4 and 5 by pathological confirmed are relatively common in Tibet.P504s and E-cadherin are highly expressed in prostate adenocarcinoma patients in Tibet,while ERG presents low expression,ER is unexpressed.

Detección prospectiva espacio-temporal de conglomerados de COVID-19 en Cuba

RESUMEN Introducción: Durante enfermedades infecciosas emergentes en curso como la COVID-19, la vigilancia espacio-temporal es fundamental para identificar áreas prioritarias para intervenciones específicas, diferenciar intensidad diagnóstica y asignación de recursos. Objetivo: Modelar la evolución del riesgo relativo de presentación de casos de COVID-19 e identificar conglomerados en municipios donde la enfermedad se mantuvo en el periodo posterior al descenso de la curva epidémica en Cuba. Métodos: El periodo mencionado comprendió entre el 26/05/2020 hasta el 4/09/2020. Se realizaron corridas cíclicas del modelo prospectivo espacio-temporal de Poisson, con incrementos progresivos de 14 días, mediante la aplicación SaTScan™ 9.6. Resultados: Se identificaron 15 conglomerados significativos (p ≤ 0,0001) cuya extensión involucró desde uno hasta trece municipios, con distribución en seis provincias (Pinar del Río, Artemisa, La Habana, Mayabeque, Matanzas, Villa Clara y Ciego de Ávila). En los conglomerados todos los municipios mostraron riesgo relativo alto, entre ellos, La Palma en la provincia de Pinar del Río y Ciego de Ávila en la provincia del mismo nombre, con los valores más altos, 119,95 y 121,04, respectivamente. Conclusión: El modelo empleado pudo identificar los conglomerados en territorios con significativa probabilidad de ocurrencia de COVID-19, así como periodos de evolución del riesgo relativo. Además, reconoce los municipios que merecen prioridad para intensificar en ellos intervenciones de contención y control sanitario y evitar la reemergencia de la enfermedad con mayor dispersión espacial.

ABSTRACT Introduction: During the occurrence of ongoing emerging infectious diseases such as COVID-19, spatiotemporal surveillance is crucial to identify priority areas for specific interventions, differentiate diagnostic intensity and assign resources. Objective: To model the evolution of the relative risk of presentation of COVID-19 cases and to identify clusters in municipalities where the disease remains at the stage following the descent of the epidemic curve in Cuba. Methods: The period mentioned was from 26/05/2020 to 4/09/2020. Cyclic runs of Poisson's prospective spatiotemporal model were performed, with progressive 14-day increases, using the software SaTScan™ 9.6. Results: A total 15 significant clusters were identified (p ≤ 0.0001) extending over one to thirteen municipalities and distributed in six provinces (Pinar del Río, Artemisa, Havana, Mayabeque, Matanzas, Villa Clara and Ciego de Ávila). In the clusters, all municipalities showed a high relative risk among them, La Palma in Pinar del Rio province and Ciego de Avila in the province of the same name, with the highest values, 119.95 and 121.04, respectively. Conclusion: The model was able to identify territories with a significant likelihood of COVID-19 occurrence, as well as periods in the evolution of relative risk. It also showed that surveillance and early warning strategies may facilitate prioritization of health control and containment interventions aimed at preventing the reemergence of the disease with greater spatial coverage.

Setorização de rotas de coleta de resíduos sólidos domiciliares por técnicas multivariadas: estudo de caso da cidade do Recife, Brasil / Sectorization of solid household waste collection routes by multivariate techniques: a case study of the city of Recife, Brazil

RESUMO Buscar soluções para a problemática dos resíduos sólidos domiciliares (RSD) é um dos desafios enfrentados pelos gestores municipais. Diante do cenário ascendente de geração desses materiais, principalmente nos centros urbanos, a implantação de um modelo integrado e adequado à realidade da municipalidade torna-se imprescindível. Nesse sentido, a setorização de rotas de coleta a partir da utilização de técnicas multivariadas pode auxiliar o gestor na proposição de modelos setoriais de resíduos sólidos que contemplem as particularidades socioeconômicas das áreas estudadas. Desse modo, o presente artigo utiliza as técnicas multivariadas de análise de componentes principais, para avaliar a correlação entre população, renda, geração e composição gravimétrica dos resíduos, elencando, entre esses indicadores, os mais representativos; e a análise de agrupamento hierárquico, para setorizar 31 rotas de coleta em clusters por similaridade. Verificou-se que a população, a renda domiciliar e per capita, a geração de resíduos per capita e os resíduos recicláveis, alimentares e putrescíveis foram bem representados no estudo. A renda e a geração per capita apresentaram forte correlação positiva. A setorização das rotas gerou dois grupos: A e B, que resultaram em cinco subgrupos por similaridade: A1, A2, B1, B2 e B3. Os subgrupos A1 e A2 contemplaram os setores de classe baixa, ao passo que os clusters B1, B2 e B3 compreenderam os setores de classe alta, média e comercial, respectivamente. A setorização de rotas mediante o grau de similaridade apresenta-se como etapa basilar para a proposição de modelos setoriais de RSD que busquem o entendimento das particularidades elencadas.

ABSTRACT Finding solutions to the problem of household solid waste (HSW) is one of the challenges faced by municipal managers. In view of the upward scenario of generation of these materials, especially in urban centers, the implementation of an integrated model and adequate to the reality of society is essential. In this sense, the sectorization of collection routes from the use of multivariate techniques can assist the manager in proposing solid waste sector models that take into account the socioeconomic particularities of the studied areas. In this way, the present article uses the multivariate techniques of Analysis of Principal Components to evaluate the correlation of population, income, generation, and gravimetric composition of the residues, listing among these most representative indicators; and the Hierarchical Grouping Analysis to segment 31 collection routes into clusters by similarity. Population, household and per capita income, per capita waste production and recyclable, food and putrescible residues were well represented in the study. Income and per capita production showed a strong positive correlation. The segmentation of the routes generated two groups: A and B, which resulted in five subgroups by similarity: A1, A2, B1, B2, and B3. The A1 and A2 subgroups comprised the lower class sectors, while the B1, B2, and B3 clusters comprised the upper, middle, and commercial sectors, respectively. The sectorization of routes through the degree of similarity presents itself as the basic step for the proposition of HSW sectorial models that seek to understand the particularities listed.

Electroencephalogram characteristics under successful cognitive reappraisal in emotion regulation / 生物医学工程学杂志

Cognitive reappraisal is an important strategy for emotion regulation. Studies show that even healthy people may not be able to implement this strategy successfully, but the underlying neural mechanism behind the behavioral observation of success or failure of reappraisal is unclear. In this paper, 28 healthy college students participated in an experiment of emotional regulation with the cognitive reappraisal strategy. They were asked to complete the cognitive psychological questionnaires before the experiment. Their behavioral scores and scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) signals were collected simultaneously during the experiment. We divided all the subjects into two groups, according to the statistical test of valence scores. Then we analyzed their questionnaires, early event-related potential (ERP) components N200, P200, and late positive potential (LPP), and calculated the correlation between the valence score and the amplitude of LPP. The results showed that, in both groups, compared with negative-watching, the reappraisal induced larger N200 and P200 components and there were two modulation patterns ("increase" and "decrease") of the reappraisal effect on the amplitude of early LPP (300-1 000 ms after stimulus onset). Moreover, correlation analysis showed that significant positive correlation between two differences in the successful group, i.e., the greater difference in the valence scoresin between reappraisal and negative-watching, the greater difference in the amplitude of early LPP between reappraisal and negative-watching; but no such effect was found in the failure group. These results indicated that, whether reappraisal was successful or not, no significant effect on early ERP components was found; and there were different patterns of the reappraisal effect on early LPP. The difference between successful and failure groups was mainly reflected in early LPP, that is, the EEG characteristics and behavioral scores of successful group were significantly positively correlated. Furthermore, the small sample analysis showed that this correlation only existed in the pattern of "increase". In the future, more research of this modulation mode is necessary in order to find more stable EEG characteristics under successful cognitive reappraisal in emotion regulation.

Gestão autônoma da medicação: estratégia territorial de cogestão no cuidado / The autonomous management of medication: territorial strategy of co-management in the care / La gestión autónoma de la medicación: estrategia territorial de cogestión en el cuidado

A estratégiaGestão Autônoma da Medicação -Brasil tem experimentado diferentes modos de ampliação, tanto em relação aos contextos regionais quanto às modalidades de serviços (como Unidades Básicas de Saúde e Centros de Atenção Psicossocial Álcool e outras drogas). Neste texto apresentaremos a experiência de uma equipe que articula pesquisa, ensino e extensão num território sanitário do município de São Paulo, tendo como eixo de intervenção o cuidado em saúde mental e a GAM como estratégia. O Coletivo GAM, que reúne todas as equipes do território, tem evidenciado os principais efeitos da estratégia em sua força alterativa e formativa: sua dimensão críticaà medicalização; sua inclinação radical à Reforma em Saúde Mental e sua força políticaem relação às grupalidades e aos coletivos que aciona. Neste percurso, afirma-se como estratégiaterritorial e cogestionária de formação e cuidado em saúde mental, que põe no centro de sua experiência a participação do usuário.

The strategy Autonomous Management of Medication has experienced different means of expansion, whether in relation to its regional contexts or modes of services (such as the Basic Health Units and Centers of Psychosocial Care - Alcohol and other drugs). In this text we introduce the experience of a team that articulates research, education and extension in a sanitary territory in the city of São Paulo, having as an intervention axis the mental health care and AMM as a strategy. The Collective AMM, which groups together all the AMM teams in the territory, has evidenced the key effects of the strategy in its modifying and formative strength: its critical dimension related to medicalization; its radical inclination related to the Mental Health Reform and its political strength related to the groupings and collectives activated. In this venture, it is affirmed a territorial strategy co-managed in the development and care of mental health, which places in the core of its experience the participation of the user.

La estrategia Gestión Autónoma de la Medicación (GAM) viene experimentando diferentes modos de ampliación, tanto en relación a los contextos regionales como en las diferentes modalidades de servicios (como Unidades Básicas de Salud y Centros de Atención Psicosocial Alcohol y otras drogas). En este texto presentaremos la experiencia de un equipo que articula investigación, enseñanza y extensión en un territorio sanitario del municipio de São Paulo, teniendo como eje de intervención el cuidado en salud mental y la GAM como estrategia. El Colectivo GAM, que reúne a todos los equipos del territorio, evidenció los principales efectos de la estrategia en su fuerza alterativa y formativa: su dimensión crítica a la medicalización; su inclinación radical a la Reforma en Salud Mental y su fuerza política en las grupalidades y los colectivos que acciona. En este recorrido, se afirma como estrategia territorial y co-gestionaria de formación y cuidado en salud mental, que pone en el centro de su experiencia la participación del usuario.

Evaluation of genome similarities using a wavelet-domain approach

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Tuberculosis is listed among the top 10 causes of deaths worldwide. The resistant strains causing this disease have been considered to be responsible for public health emergencies and health security threats. As stated by the World Health Organization (WHO), around 558,000 different cases coupled with resistance to rifampicin (the most operative first-line drug) have been estimated to date. Therefore, in order to detect the resistant strains using the genomes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), we propose a new methodology for the analysis of genomic similarities that associate the different levels of decomposition of the genome (discrete non-decimated wavelet transform) and the Hurst exponent. METHODS: The signals corresponding to the ten analyzed sequences were obtained by assessing GC content, and then these signals were decomposed using the discrete non-decimated wavelet transform along with the Daubechies wavelet with four null moments at five levels of decomposition. The Hurst exponent was calculated at each decomposition level using five different methods. The cluster analysis was performed using the results obtained for the Hurst exponent. RESULTS: The aggregated variance, differenced aggregated variance, and aggregated absolute value methods presented the formation of three groups, whereas the Peng and R/S methods presented the formation of two groups. The aggregated variance method exhibited the best results with respect to the group formation between similar strains. CONCLUSION: The evaluation of Hurst exponent associated with discrete non-decimated wavelet transform can be used as a measure of similarity between genome sequences, thus leading to a refinement in the analysis.

Conductas prosociales y su relación con la empatía y la autoeficacia para la regulación emocional en adolescentes desvinculados de grupos armados ilegales / Prosocial behaviors and their relationship with empathy and selfefficacy for emotional regulation in adolescents disconnected from illegal armed groups / Condutas pró-sociais e a sua relação com a empatia e a autoeficácia para a regulação emocional em adolescentes desvinculados de grupos armados ilegais

Resumen Objetivo: Analizar las tendencias prosociales y su relación con la empatía y las creencias de autoeficacia para la regulación del afecto en adolescentes desvinculados de grupos armados ilegales pertenecientes a la modalidad Hogar Sustituto Tutor en la ciudad de Manizales, Colombia. Metodología: cuantitativa, diseño no experimental de tipo transversal; el estudio fue de alcance descriptivo-correlacional. Muestra: No probabilística a disponibilidad, conformada por 35 adolescentes desvinculados de grupos armados, los cuales están en el programa de restablecimiento de derechos en la modalidad Hogar Sustituto Tutor del ICBF en Manizales (Caldas, Colombia). Instrumentos: Se utilizó la escala de tendencias prosociales, versión revisada (PTM-R), el índice de reactividad interpersonal (IRI) y la escala de autoeficacia para la regulación del afecto (RESE). Resultados: Los componentes afectivos, en términos de preocupación empática y la autoeficacia emocional, presentaron un mayor efecto predictor de las conductas prosociales. Los hallazgos muestran que los factores emocionales, especialmente en situaciones de emergencia, obediencia o complacencia, están relacionados con las expresiones prosociales que presentan los adolescentes desvinculados de grupos armados que hicieron parte de este estudio.

Abstract Objective: To analyze the prosocial tendencies and their relationship with empathy and self-efficacy beliefs for the regulation of affection in adolescents detached from illegal armed groups belonging to the Tutor Substitute Home modality in the city of Manizales, Colombia. Methodology: quantitative, non-experimental design of transversal type; the study was of descriptive-correlational scope. Sample: Non-probabilistic on availability, made up of 35 adolescents detached from armed groups, who are in the rights restoration program in the Tutor Substitute Home modality of the ICBF in Manizales (Caldas, Colombia). Instruments: The prosocial trend scale, revised versión (PTM-R), the interpersonal reactivity index (IRI) and the self-efficacy for affect regulation scale (RESE) were used. Results: The affective components, in terms of empathic concern and emotional self-efficacy, had a greater predictive effect of prosocial behaviors. The findings show that emotional factors, especially in emergencies, obedience or complacency, are related to the prosocial expressions presented by adolescents detached from armed groups that were part of this study.

Resumo Objetivo: analisar as tendências pró-sociais e a sua relação com a empatia e as crenças de autoeficácia para a regulação do afeto em adolescentes desvinculados de grupos armados ilegais pertencentes à modalidade "Hogar Sustituto Tutor" [Lar Substituto Tutor] na cidade de Manizales, Colômbia. Metodologia: quantitativa, desenho não experimental de tipo transversal; o estudo foi de alcance descritivocorrelacional. Amostra: não probabilística a disponibilidade, formada por 35 adolescentes desvinculados de grupos armados, os quais estão no programa de restabelecimento de direitos na modalidade "Hogar Sustituto Tutor" do ICBF em Manizales (Caldas, Colômbia). Instrumentos: foi utilizada a escala de tendências pró-sociais, versão revisada (PTM-R, na sigla em inglês), o índice de reatividade interpessoal (IRI, na sigla em inglês) e a escala de autoeficácia para a regulação do afeto (RESE). Resultados: os componentes afetivos, em termos de preocupação empática e a autoeficácia emocional, presentaram um maior efeito preditor das condutas prósociais. As descobertas mostram que os fatores emocionais, especialmente em situações de emergência, obediência ou complacência, estão relacionados com as expressões prósociais que apresentam os adolescentes desvinculados de grupos armados que fizeram parte deste estudo.

ABO and Rhesus Phenotype Frequencies in Multi-Transfuse Hemodialysis Renal Patient and Blood Donor in Central Sudan

Objective: Blood transfusions are commonly used in themanagement of patients with chronic renal failure (CRF)undergoing hemodialysis for dialysis-related anemia.Accordingly, they are intended to alloimmunization due torepeated transfusions. Therefore, the purpose of this study wasdesigned to identify the distribution patterns of ABO bloodgroup and Rh-D, C, c, E, e antigen to provide first step donordata bank to prepare red blood cell panel to minimize rhesusalloimmunization among the hemodialysis patients and blooddonors at renal dialysis center, Khartoum and Wad Madani,Sudan from December 2016 to December 2017.Methods: Samples from 351 blood donors and recipients wereserologically tested for ABO, Rh (D, C, E, c, and e) using slideand tube method. ABO and Rh Phenotypes' frequencies werecalculated as a percentage.Results: The ABO blood grouping showing a typical frequencyO >A>B>AB and also the frequency of rhesus antigen showingD >c>e>C>E in both male and female renal failure patients.Conclusion: Blood donors need special precautions tominimize any possible alloimmunization by such antigen.

Formação e capacitação continuada do trabalhador da saúde para atuação com grupos / Qualification and continued training of the health worker to work with groups / Entrenamiento y formación continuada del trabajador de la salud para trabajar con grupos

O autor parte do princípio de que Grupo é uma forma específica de agrupamento em que ocorrem interações vinculares. Os fenômenos grupais são os mesmos em qualquer grupo, mudando a atitude do terapeuta conforme a finalidade. É enfatizada a importância dos grupos na saúde. Atualmente há uma redução da procura de psicoterapias de inspiração psicanalítica, individuais ou grupais, por razões, que serão expostas no trabalho. É lembrado então, o potencial da rede pública e suas vicissitudes, entre elas, a quantidade de profissionais sem conhecimento sobre grupos. São estudadas a formação clássica e os desafios para uma formação realista nos dias atuais. Dificuldades e particularidades são expostas, e é realizada uma reflexão sobre as possibilidades e desafios para uma formação hoje, enfatizando a importância dos Grupos de Reflexão. Conclui que somente a somatória da análise, supervisão, Grupo de Reflexão e estudo teórico, é que permitirá ao terapeuta em formação, maior desenvolvimento na arte e na técnica de trabalhar psicanaliticamente com o dispositivo vincular.

The author assumes that group is a specific form of grouping in which linking interactions occur. The group phenomena are the same in all groups, changing the attitude of the therapist according to the purpose. The importance of groups in health is emphasized. Currently, there is a reduction in the demand for psychoanalytic, individual or group-inspired psychotherapies, for reasons that will be exposed at work. It is remembered, then, the potential of the public network and its vicissitudes, among them, the number of professionals without knowledge about groups. Classical training and the challenges for realistic training are studied in the present day. Difficulties and particularities are exposed, and a reflection is made about the possibilities and challenges for a training today, emphasizing the importance of the reflection groups. It concludes that only the sum of the analysis, supervision, reflection Group and theoretical study, is that it will allow the therapist in training, greater development in the art and the technique of working psychoanalytically with the device to link.

El autor asume que el grupo es una forma específica de agrupación en la que se producen interacciones de enlace. Los fenómenos grupales son los mismos en todos los grupos, cambiando la actitud del terapeuta según el propósito. Se enfatiza la importancia de los grupos en la salud. Actualmente, hay una reducción en la demanda de psicoterapias psicoanalíticas, individuales o inspiradas en grupo, por razones que serán expuestas en el trabajo. Se recuerda, entonces, el potencial de la red pública y sus vicisitudes, entre ellos, el número de profesionales sin conocimiento sobre los grupos. La formación clásica y los desafíos para la formación realista se estudian en la actualidad. Se exponen las dificultades y particularidades, y se hace una reflexión sobre las posibilidades y los retos para una formación en la actualidad, destacando la importancia de los grupos de reflexión. Concluye que sólo la suma del análisis, la supervisión, el grupo de reflexión y el estudio teórico, es que permitirá al terapeuta en formación, un mayor desarrollo en el arte y la técnica de trabajar psicoanalíticamente con el dispositivo para enlazar.