ABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the oil yield, components and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Cinnamomi Cortex from different growth environments and growth years. Methods: Cinnamon oil was extracted by steam distillation, the chemical components were separated and identified by GC-MS, and the relative content of each component was determined by area normalization. The diameter of the inhibition zone and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were measured using filter paper method and micro dilution method. The antimicrobial effect of seven copies of cinnamon oil on three common pathogens of respiratory tract were evaluated. Results: The highest oil yield was 10-year-old cinnamon (6.41%), the lowest was 20-year-old (1.75%), and sparse planting (4.48%) was the best among 15-year-old cinnamon. A total of 44 compounds were identified in the seven samples. The major common components with a relative content of more than 1% were trans-cinnamaldehyde (16.23%-73.08%), α-copaene (7.39%-41.70%), β-cadinene (2.22%-12.30%), and α-muurolene (1.00%-9.16%). The antibacterial experiments showed that essential oil of cinnamon from different growth environments and growth years had obvious inhibitory effect on the tested strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, but weaker inhibitory effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Among them, volatile oil of 15-year-old sparse planting and close planting cinnamon had better antimicrobial activity. Conclusion: Oil yield, essential oils components and antimicrobial activity of cinnamon were affected by growth environments and growth years. Cinnamon oil contains other effective antimicrobial components besides cinnamaldehyde and α-copaene.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To establish a method of quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker (QAMS) for simultaneously determination of neoastilbin, astilbin, neoisoastilbin, isoastilbin, and engeletin in Smilax glabra, and research the tendency of content changes in different growth years by QAMS. Methods: An HPLC method was established to determine the relative correction factors of four other flavonoids by using astilbin as the internal reference standard. Then the method was used to determine the various content of five flavonoids in different growth years and validate the feasibility and accuracy by comparing the content results determined by the external standard method with QAMS. The dynamic change regularity of flavonoids in S. glabra was investigated. Results: A total of 23 samples from five batches in different growth years were simultaneously determined by external standard method and QAMS, the results deviation were all less than 1.0%. The content of five flavonoids in different growth years was different, astilbin decreased with the increase of growth years, neoastilbin, neoisoastilbin and isoastilbin had the reverse trend. Conclusion: The established QAMS method is feasible and accurate for the simultaneous determination of five flavonoids in S. glabra. Growth years have a certain impact on the content of each component.
ABSTRACT
This work was launched to explore the effect of habitat and growth year on the secondary metabolites contents of cultivated Polygala tenuifolia. The samples of cultivated P. tenuifolia were analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography(UPLC)-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(Q-TOF MS), and the obtained data were analyzed using multiple statistical analysis and cluster analysis. The results showed that compared with growth year, habitat is a main influencing factor which affected the secondary metabolites contents of P. tenuifolia. The contents of sucrose esters and oligosacchride multi-esters are greatly dependent on the habitat (the sample-AG with high levels of components of tenuifoliside B and tenuifoliside C, and the sample-FY with high levels of 3,6'-disinapoyl sucrose, tenuifoliose S, tenuifoliose L, and tenuifoliose V). There is no obvious effect of habitat and growth year on xanthone. The contents of triterpene saponins are greatly dependent on the growth year, and the content of parts of triterpene saponins increased as time goes on.The result indicated that the effect of habitat and growth year on different types of secondary metabolites is not completely equivalent. This study will contribute to the breeding of P. tenuifolia and amendment of current commodity criteria.
ABSTRACT
This study was aimed to establish a method to determine the content of phenolic acids in different parts ofCoptis chinensis, in order to discuss the dynamic change of phenolic acids contents in different parts and growth years ofCoptis chinensis. Contents of total phenolic acid, chlorogenic acid and ferulic acid were determined by ferric chloride-ferricyanatum calcium colorimetric method and HPLC, respectively. The results showed that the content of total phenolic acid inCoptis chinensis was in the range from 98.435 mg·g-1 to 184.456 mg·g-1. The content of chlorogenic acid and ferulic acid was in the range from 0.176 mg·g-1 to 2.227 mg·g-1, and 0.039 mg·g-1 to 0.512 mg·g-1, respectively. It was concluded that the content of phenolic acids in different parts ofCoptis chinensis were significantly different. The phenolic acids contents in different parts of Coptis chinensis reached the highest two years after transplantation, and then it expressed downswing with the increasing of growth period.