ABSTRACT
Background: Adolescent is a stage of development tangent, like a bridge of childhood and adulthood. It is the healthiest age group of our society which is almost 20% of our total population. World health organization (WHO) defines adolescents are in the 10-19 year in age group. One of the major physiological changes that take place in adolescent girls is the onset of menarche, which is often associated with problems of irregular menstruation, excessive bleeding and dysmenorrhea.Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was carried out in 668 female adolescent aged 10-19 years irrespective of their marital status visiting the OPD of obstetrics and gynecology department of BSMMU. All data was analyzed using SPSS program version 22.0.Results: Results were expressed in frequencies or percentages. Of the 668 adolescent girls, 418 (62.6%) had different type of menstrual disorder. Of these 418 cases about 127 (30.38%) of them were a case of puberty menorrhagia, 109 (26.07%) cases were oligomenorrhoea and 91 (21.77%) were amenorrhea. Other presentations were pre-vaginal discharge, vulval itching, lower abdominal pain, dysuria, feeling lump in lower abdomen, mastalgia, feeling lump in the breast, discharge from breast, acne, hirsutism.Conclusions: This study shows more than half of adolescent girls are having menstrual disorder. Adolescent gynecology needs increased awareness and greater attention to improve the quality of their life. Setting up a separate adolescent clinic is necessary for efficient management of adolescent problem.
ABSTRACT
Background: Adolescence is a transient and dynamic period between childhood and adulthood, characterised by several changes in the body and the child’s mind. The World Health Organization defines adolescents as young people aged 10-19 years, but changes may begin before and continue after this age group. Adolescents constitute over 21.4% of population in India. Adolescence is a period of enormous physical and psychological change for young girls. Hormonal events play a key role in this transition. One of the major physiological changes that take place in adolescent girls is the onset of menarche, which is often associated with problems of irregular menstruation, excessive bleeding and dysmenorrhea. The aim of this study was to determine the proportion of various gynecological problems among adolescent girls seeking care at a tertiary care centre, Kolar, Karnataka, India.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted during March 2016 to March 2018 among all adolescent girls (10-19 years) with gynecological problems attending inpatient and outpatient Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. A pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect information regarding their socio-demographic characteristics, gynecological history, family history, obstetric history, documentation of general physical examination and other investigations. Data entered using Microsoft Excel and analysed using SPSS v20.Results: A total of 720 adolescent girls sought care for gynecological problems in the study period with more than 80% of the cases belonging to the age group between 15 and 19 years. Of the 720, 362 (49.8%) had some type of menstrual disorders. Of these 362 cases about 41 of them were a case of puberty menorrhagia (11.32%) and 89 cases were of dysmenorrhea (22.37%). Among 720 cases, 290 (40.2%) of them were diagnosed of teenage pregnancy; among which 34 of them were unwanted pregnancy. Other presentations include vaginal discharge, urinary tract infection, mass per abdomen, trauma to genital tract and turners syndrome (two cases).Conclusions: The study shows around half of the adolescent girls are having menstrual disorders. One third were teenage pregnancies with most of them been ‘wanted’. This alarming finding calls for strengthening of adolescent programme with targeted health education and behavioural change. Setting up a separate adolescent clinics is necessary for efficient management of menstrual disorders in adolescents.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Gynecological disorders of children are rare. The investigations and treatment are also difficult and need expertise. Gynecologists should undergo training and also be able to diagnose and treat pediatric gynecological problems. Aim: This study was mainly aimed at the problems presenting at pediatric age group that will interest the practicing Gynecologist in planning and management of problems. Some of them require further follow up to their adolescence and child bearing period also. Materials and methods: 50 cases with gynecological problems up to the age of 12 years attending the government general hospital, Guntur were studied. Results: 96% of cases belonged to low socio-economic group. 42% were from urban areas 58% were from rural areas. Their educational status was very poor .Only 20% are attending the primary school. 30% never attended the school. Rest was drop outs before primary school. In this series, the incidence of labial –vulvar agglutination was 10%. Conclusion: The Gynecologist should be able to diagnose and treat pediatric gynecological problems. As the examination and investigations are difficult in children and needs expertise, the gynecologists should undergo training.