ABSTRACT
Resumo Introdução: Anticoncepção corresponde ao uso de métodos e técnicas com a finalidade de impedir que o relacionamento sexual resulte em gravidez. O médico residente em ginecologia e obstetrícia deve estar intimamente familiarizado com as múltiplas opções contraceptivas existentes, o modo de uso, os efeitos colaterais e suas contraindicações. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivos identificar o nível de conhecimento, atitude e prática dos médicos residentes de ginecologia e obstetrícia do estado de Pernambuco sobre anticoncepção, determinar sua autopercepção em indicar e contraindicar os métodos contraceptivos, avaliar as melhores indicações clínicas, como prescrevê-los e orientar seu uso. Método: Foi realizado um estudo de inquérito, do tipo corte transversal, com componente analítico. Durante o período de maio a julho de 2022, aplicou-se um questionário à população-alvo, composta pelos médicos residentes de ginecologia e obstetrícia do estado de Pernambuco, e obteve-se um tamanho amostral de 157 respostas, que foram analisadas no programa estatístico Stata, versão 12.0. Resultado: Os métodos contraceptivos mais utilizados por eles foram o ACO, o DIU Mirena, a camisinha peniana e o DIU de cobre. Mais de 90% da amostra afirmou conhecer os critérios de elegibilidade e o índice de Pearl, e pouco mais da metade respondeu corretamente aos casos clínicos sobre contracepção; 52,9% relataram que não faziam uso da dupla proteção, e 40,1% da amostra mencionou que nunca usava camisinha. A maioria dos entrevistados atestou possuir uma boa prática com LARC e com esterilização cirúrgica; uma boa parcela dos residentes entrevistados considerou-se apta a orientar todos os métodos anticoncepcionais. Conclusão: O conhecimento das indicações e contraindicações pode ser considerado satisfatório, apesar de chamar a atenção a presença de uma disparidade entre a autopercepção do saber e os acertos das questões a respeito de casos clínicos específicos. Em relação à atitude, as respostas foram controversas. No âmbito da prática, obtiveram-se os melhores resultados de autopercepção de habilidade, com destaque para a prática com os LARC e a esterilização cirúrgica. As autoavaliações demonstraram que mais da metade da amostra considerou seus conhecimentos, suas atitudes e suas práticas muito satisfatórios e/ou adequados.
Abstract Introduction: Contraception corresponds to the use of methods and techniques with the purpose of preventing sexual intercourse from resulting in pregnancy. The resident physician in gynecology and obstetrics must be intimately familiar with the multiple existing contraceptive options, how to use them, their side effects and contraindications. Objectives: To identify the level of knowledge, attitude and practice among Gynecology and Obstetrics residents in the state of Pernambuco regarding contraception, determine their self-perception in indicating and contraindicating contraceptive methods, evaluating the best clinical indications, how to prescribe them and offer guidance for their use. Methods: A cross-sectional survey study with an analytical component. During the period from May to July 2022, a test was applied to the target population, composed by resident physicians of Gynecology and Obstetrics in the state of Pernambuco. A sample size of 157 responses was obtained, which were analyzed in the program STATA statistics, version 12.0. Results: The contraceptive methods most used by the resident physicians were the ACO, Mirena IUD, penile condom and copper IUD. More than 90% of the sample claimed to know the Eligibility Criteria and the Pearl Index, and just over half correctly answered the clinical cases on contraception; 52.9% reported not using double protection and 40.1% of the sample stated that they never used condoms. Most interviewees attested to having a good practice with LARC and with surgical sterilization; a good portion of the interviewed residents considered themselves able to guide all contraceptive methods. Conclusion: The knowledge of indications and contraindications can be considered satisfactory, despite a disparity between self-perceived knowledge and correct answers to questions regarding specific clinical cases; regarding attitude, the answers were controversial; within the scope of practice, the best results of self-perceived ability were obtained, with emphasis on the practice with LARC and surgical sterilization. Self-assessments showed that more than half of the sample considered their knowledge, attitudes and practices very satisfactory and/or adequate.
ABSTRACT
El surgimiento de la bioética ha marcado un interés cada vez mayor para los hombres que se dedican a las ciencias, y sobre todo, a las ciencias médicas. Se realiza una reflexión con el objetivo de exponer la influencia de la bioética en el desarrollo de la obstetricia y ginecología actual, con ejemplos clásicos de su aplicación, polémica, dilemas y conflictos en nuestra labor cotidiana que garanticen una mejor calidad de la atención médica a nuestra población.
The emergence of bioethics has marked a growing interest for men who are dedicated to science, and above all, to medical science. Reflection is done with the goal of exposing the influence of bioethics in the development of modern gynecology- obstetrics, with classic examples of its application, controversy, dilemmas, and conflicts in our daily work to ensure our population a better quality of health care.
Subject(s)
Humans , Bioethics , Gynecology/ethics , ObstetricsABSTRACT
En este artículo se analiza cómo operan el discurso y la práctica de ginecólogos en la conformación de percepciones y prácticas de la maternidad en mujeres jóvenes de clase media porteña. A partir de un diseño descriptivo y exploratorio, se realizaron 50 entrevistas en profundidad a mujeres de clase media, de 25 a 35 años de edad, que se socializaron y viven actualmente en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, y 15 entrevistas a médicos ginecólogos que se desempeñan como tales en la misma ciudad. Se observa que tanto las mujeres como los médicos se ajustan a estereotipos tradicionales de género, no obstante lo cual existen intersticios normativos en sus prácticas y percepciones cuyo análisis se desarrollará aquí, con un abordaje metodológico cualitativo...
Neste artigo analisa-se como operam o discurso e a prática de ginecologistas na conformação de percepções e práticas da maternidade em mulheres jovens de classe média portenha. A partir de um desenho descritivo e exploratório, realizaram-se 50 entrevistas em profundidade com mulheres de classe média, de 25 a 35 anos de idade, que se socializaram e vivem atualmente na Cidade Autônoma de Buenos Aires, e 15 entrevistas com médicos ginecologistas que atuam como tais na mesma cidade. Observa-se que tanto as mulheres como os médicos enquadram-se em estereótipos tradicionais de gênero, não obstante o que existem interstícios normativos em suas práticas e percepções cuja análise se desenvolverá aqui, com uma abordagem metodológica qualitativa...
This article analyzes how gynecologists' discourse and practice organize perceptions and the experience of mothering among young middle class women in Buenos Aires. Using a descriptive, exploratory design, In-depth interviews were conducted with 50 middle class women, ages 25 to 35, raised and currently living in the City of Buenos Aires, and with 15 gynecologists who practice in town. Results indicate that both women and physicians adhere to traditional gender stereotypes, yet normative interstices are found in their practices and perceptions. The latter are analyzed using a qualitative approach...
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Young Adult , Reproductive Behavior/ethnology , Gynecology , Mothers/psychology , Health Personnel/psychology , Parenting/psychology , Argentina/ethnology , Stereotyping , Socioeconomic Factors , Qualitative ResearchABSTRACT
@#ObjectiveTo compare the effects of patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) and patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) on postoperative nausea and vomit (PONV) in gynecologic and obstetric patients. Methods56 gynecologic or obstetric patients (ASA Ⅰ～Ⅱ) scheduled for lower abdominal surgeries were randomly allocated to receive either 1 mg/ml morphine plus 0.1 mg/ml droperidol intravenously (group PCIA) or 0.1 mg/ml morphine plus 0.125% bupivacaine (group PCEA-Ⅰ) or 0.1 mg/ml morphine plus 0.1 mg/ml droperidol plus 0.125% bupivacaine (group PCEA-Ⅱ) epidurally. 4, 24, and 48 h after operation, pain scores with visual analogus scale (VAS), sedation scores with Ramesay and the incidences of nausea, vomiting, pruritus, respiratory depression were assessed. ResultsVAS scores in the two PCEA groups were much lower than that of PCIA (P<0.01). The incidences of nausea and vomiting in PCEA-Ⅱ group were significantly lower than those in PCIA group (P<0.05), incidences of other side-effects such as pruritus, respiratory depression etc. were similar between the three groups (P>0.05). ConclusionThe regimen morphine/droperidol/bupivacaine by PCEA shows superiorities in relieving pain and reducing postoperative nausea and vomiting in gynecologic and obstetric patients.
ABSTRACT
@#ObjectiveTo compare the effects of patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) and patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) on postoperative nausea and vomit (PONV) in gynecologic and obstetric patients. Methods56 gynecologic or obstetric patients (ASA Ⅰ～Ⅱ) scheduled for lower abdominal surgeries were randomly allocated to receive either 1 mg/ml morphine plus 0.1 mg/ml droperidol intravenously (group PCIA) or 0.1 mg/ml morphine plus 0.125% bupivacaine (group PCEA-Ⅰ) or 0.1 mg/ml morphine plus 0.1 mg/ml droperidol plus 0.125% bupivacaine (group PCEA-Ⅱ) epidurally. 4, 24, and 48 h after operation, pain scores with visual analogus scale (VAS), sedation scores with Ramesay and the incidences of nausea, vomiting, pruritus, respiratory depression were assessed. ResultsVAS scores in the two PCEA groups were much lower than that of PCIA (P<0.01). The incidences of nausea and vomiting in PCEA-Ⅱ group were significantly lower than those in PCIA group (P<0.05), incidences of other side-effects such as pruritus, respiratory depression etc. were similar between the three groups (P>0.05). ConclusionThe regimen morphine/droperidol/bupivacaine by PCEA shows superiorities in relieving pain and reducing postoperative nausea and vomiting in gynecologic and obstetric patients.
ABSTRACT
The article introduces the point of multimedia network teaching and application in gynecology and obstetrics teaching,pointing out the problems in multimedia network teaching that should be improved.