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1.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 122(5): e202310293, oct. 2024. tab, ilus
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1571603

ABSTRACT

La linfohistiocitosis hemofagocítica (LHH) es una entidad rara que se caracteriza por un estado hiperinflamatorio secundario a la activación desregulada del sistema inmune con compromiso multisistémico. Puede ser primaria o hereditaria, o estar desencadenada por diversas enfermedades. La mortalidad sin tratamiento oportuno es del 50 % de los casos. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 1 año y 8 meses con diagnóstico reciente de infección por virus de inmunodeficiencia humana en estadio sida. Cursó internación para estudio e inicio de tratamiento antirretroviral durante la cual presentó múltiples intercurrencias infectológicas e inmunológicas. Se destacan dos episodios de linfohistiocitosis hemofagocítica en contexto de inmunodeficiencia adquirida no controlada y coinfecciones oportunistas. El objetivo de este reporte es destacar la importancia de la sospecha de LHH para un diagnóstico y tratamiento pertinente


Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare condition characterized by a hyperinflammatory state secondary to dysregulated immune activity with multisystem involvement. HLH may be primary or hereditary, or triggered by various diseases. Mortality without a timely treatment reaches 50% of the cases. Here we describe the case of a 1-year and 8-month-old female patient with a recent diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus infection in the AIDS stage. She was hospitalized for assessment and initiation of antiretroviral therapy during which she developed multiple intercurrent infectious and immune conditions. Two episodes of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in the setting of uncontrolled acquired immunodeficiency and opportunistic co-infections stand out. The objective of this case report is to highlight the importance of suspecting HLH for a relevant diagnosis and treatment.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Infant , HIV Infections/complications , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic/diagnosis , Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic/etiology , Coinfection , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/diagnosis
2.
Rio de Janeiro; Governo do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; 9ª; 00.set.2024. 9 p. ilus.
Non-conventional in Portuguese | LILACS, SES-RJ | ID: biblio-1571980

ABSTRACT

Jornal na sua 9ª edição (setembro 2024) com a análise e elaboração de conteúdo pela gerência de IST/AIDS e gerência de Hepatites Virais - SES- RJ.


Subject(s)
Organization and Administration , Viruses , Pharmaceutical Preparations , Sexually Transmitted Diseases
3.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.);29(8): e05172024, ago. 2024.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1569048

ABSTRACT

Resumo Este estudo analisa as histórias de vida de oito jovens vivendo com HIV por transmissão vertical, visando compreender suas percepções marcadas pelo segredo e silêncio sobre suas vivências com o vírus. Realizado em ambulatório especializado no Rio de Janeiro, o estudo adotou como ferramenta de cuidado a dança circular, considerada uma Prática Integrativa e Complementar em Saúde. Utilizando abordagem qualitativa e a História de Vida como método de coleta, o foco foi compreender as experiências dos jovens, não apenas relacionadas à doença, mas também a aspectos cruciais de suas vidas. Participaram do estudo três meninas e cinco meninos, todos cientes de seu diagnóstico. Os principais temas emergentes incluíram dinâmica familiar, conexão com o ambiente escolar, desafios na adesão ao tratamento, idade no momento da revelação do diagnóstico e tempo decorrido desde então. A análise das narrativas desses jovens, permitiu explorar aspectos individuais e sociais da experiência, revelando similaridades e diferenças entre eles. As oficinas de dança circular ofereceram um espaço lúdico para a expressão de emoções e sentimentos por meio dos movimentos corporais, ampliando as perspectivas dos jovens em relação ao futuro.


Abstract This study analyzes the life stories of eight young people living with vertically transmitted HIV in order to understand their perceptions marked by secrecy and silence regarding their experiences with the virus. Conducted at a specialized outpatient clinic in Rio de Janeiro, the study adopted circle dance, a Complementary and Integrative Health Practice, as a care tool. Using a qualitative approach and Life History as a data collection method, the focus was to understand the youth's experiences related to the disease and the crucial aspects of their lives. Three girls and five boys participated in the study, all aware of their diagnosis. The principal emerging themes included family dynamics, school environment connection, challenges in treatment adherence, age at the time of diagnosis disclosure, and time elapsed since then. Analyzing these young people's narratives allowed us to explore individual and social aspects of their experiences, revealing their similarities and differences. The circle dance workshops provided a playful space for expressing emotions and feelings through body movements, expanding young people's perspectives on the future.

4.
Rev. Baiana Saúde Pública (Online) ; 48(2): 191-208, 20240726.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1565998

ABSTRACT

Este artigo descreve o acesso e a percepção do acesso de usuários a serviços especializados no tratamento do vírus da imunodeficiência humana e da Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV/AIDS) em municípios baianos por meio de um recorte epidemiológico descritivo-analítico, com abordagem quantitativa de dados primários de estudo realizado em cinco serviços localizados na capital e oito no interior do estado da Bahia, Brasil. Participaram deste estudo 475 usuários, de 21 municípios baianos, predominantemente do sexo feminino, com faixa etária entre 25 e 44 anos, negros, cristãos, desempregados, com escolaridade compreendendo o ensino fundamental, renda de até três salários mínimos, heterossexual e cisgênero. O acesso à testagem para HIV e outras Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis (IST), profilaxias de pós-exposição e pré-exposição e outros insumos de prevenção não constituíram motivação de inserção no serviço. O tratamento específico e a assistência médica para HIV e outras IST foi motivação para que a maioria dos participantes se direcionassem ao serviço especializado. O deslocamento até o serviço de referência é realizado principalmente por transportes coletivos, e o trajeto casa-serviço tem duração de pelo menos uma hora. O horário de funcionamento da unidade atende às necessidades da maior parte dos participantes, mas parcela dos usuários mencionaram o desejo de funcionamento em horários alternativos. A marcação de consultas é realizada principalmente de forma presencial e por telefone, com possibilidade de agendamento diário, assim a maioria dos usuários avaliaram a organização do serviço para marcação de consultas como boa ou muito boa. O tempo de espera, entre marcação e consulta, mais comum é de uma semana a um mês.


This article describes user access and perception of access to specialized HIV/AIDS services in Bahia municipalities by applying a qualitative epidemiological, descriptive-analytical approach to primary data from research conducted in five services located in the capital and eight in the countryside. A total of 475 users from 21 municipalities in Bahia participated in this study. Most were female, between 25 and 44 years old, Black, Christian, unemployed, with complete primary education, income of up to 3 minimum wages, heterosexual and cisgender. Access to HIV testing and other STIs, post-exposure and pre-exposure prophylaxis and other prevention inputs did not constitute motivation for procuring the service. Specific treatment and medical care for HIV and other STIs motivated most participants to turn to specialized services. Commuting to the reference service is made mainly by public transport and the home-service journey takes at least one hour. The unit's opening hours meet the needs of most participants, but some mentioned the desire for alternative operating times. Appointments are booked mainly in person and over the phone, with the possibility of daily scheduling, so most users rated the service organization for scheduling appointments as good or very good. The most common waiting time between booking and consultation is one week to one month.


Este artículo describe el acceso y la percepción de acceso de los usuarios a servicios especializados en el tratamiento del virus de inmunodeficiencia humana y síndrome de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH/sida) en municipios de Bahía (Brasil) mediante un enfoque epidemiológico, descriptivo-analítico, y un enfoque cuantitativo de datos primarios de un estudio realizado en cinco servicios ubicados en la capital y ocho en el interior del estado de Bahía. Participaron en este estudio 475 usuarios, de 21 municipios de Bahía, con mayor predominio femenino, con edades de entre 25 y 44 años, negros, cristianos, desempleados, con educación primaria, ingresos de hasta tres salarios mínimos, heterosexuales y cisgénero. El acceso a pruebas de VIH y otras infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS), profilaxis posexposición y preexposición, y otros insumos de prevención no constituyeron una motivación para ingresar al servicio. El tratamiento específico y la asistencia médica para el VIH y otras ITS fueron la razón para que la mayoría de los participantes buscaran servicios especializados. El desplazamiento al servicio de referencia se realiza principalmente en transporte público, y el trayecto desde el domicilio al servicio tiene una duración mínima de una hora. El horario de atención de la unidad satisface las necesidades de la mayoría de los participantes, pero algunos usuarios mencionaron el deseo de que operase en horarios alternativos. Las citas se realizan principalmente de forma presencial y telefónica, con posibilidad de concertación diaria, por lo que la mayoría de los usuarios valoran como buena o muy buena la organización del servicio de citas. El tiempo de espera más habitual entre la reserva y la consulta es de una semana a un mes.

5.
Rev. Ocup. Hum. (En línea) ; 24(2): 147-160, jul - dic 2024.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1566965

ABSTRACT

Lucía Vivanco Muñoz es terapeuta ocupacional, egresada de la Universidad de Chile en 1983 y una de las primeras en incursionar en la Terapia Ocupacional social y comunitaria en Chile. En esta entrevista, realizada por su colega Débora Grandón, analiza el desarrollo de la Terapia Ocupacional social y comunitaria a través de su incursión, a finales de la década de 1980 y durante los años 90, en áreas no tradicionales de la Terapia Ocupacional, como el acompañamiento a personas viviendo con VIH-SIDA, la desinstitucionalización de niñeces vulneradas y la reinserción en sus familias y comunidades. También, colaboró en el diseño de políticas públicas para la superación de la pobreza desde el Estado chileno y en otros países, en su rol de consultora para el Banco Mundial. Actualmente, es académica de la Escuela de Terapia Ocupacional en la Universidad de Santiago de Chile -USACH. Esta experiencia como iniciadora de áreas de práctica hoy instituidas en el ejercicio de la profesión tiene un relevante valor histórico y constituye un aporte significativo al desarrollo de estos campos y a la formación de nuevas generaciones.


Lucía Vivanco Muñoz is an occupational therapist who graduated from the University of Chile in 1983 and is one of the pioneers in the development of a social and community Occupational Therapy in Chile. In this interview, conducted by her colleague Débora Grandón, she analyzes the development of a social and community Occupational Therapy throughout her involvement at the end of the 1980s and during the 1990s in non-traditional areas such as accompanying people living with HIV/AIDS, the deinstitutionalization of vulnerable children, and their reintegration into their families and communities. She also participated in designing public policies for overcoming poverty within the Chilean government and other countries in her role as a consultant for the World Bank. She is currently an academic at the School of Occupatio-nal Therapy at the University of Santiago de Chile -USACH. This experience as an initiator of areas of practice established today in the exercise of the profession has a relevant historical value and constitutes a significant contribution to the development of these fields and the training of new generations


Lucía Vivanco Muñoz é terapeuta ocupacional, formada pela Universidade do Chile em 1983, e uma das primeiras a se aventurar na Terapia Ocupacional social e comunitária no Chile. Nesta entrevista, conduzida por sua colega Débora Grandón, se analisa o desenvolvimento da Terapia Ocupacional social e comunitária por meio de sua incursão no final dos anos 80 e durante os anos 90, em áreas não tradicionais da Terapia Ocupacional, como o acompanhamento de pessoas vivendo com HIV-AIDS, a desinstitucionalização de crianças em situação de vulnerabilidade e a reintegração em suas famílias e comunidades. Além disso, colaborou no desenho de políticas públicas para a superação da pobreza no Estado chileno e em outros países, atuando como consultora para o Banco Mundial. Atualmente, é professora na Escola de Terapia Ocupacional da Universidade de Santiago do Chile - USACH. A experiência da professora como pioneira em áreas de prática, hoje instituídas no exercício da profissão, tem um valor histórico relevante e constitui uma contribuição significativa para o desenvolvimento desses campos e para a formação de novas gerações


Subject(s)
Humans , Social Support , History , HIV
6.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.);29(6): e03042023, Jun. 2024. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1557518

ABSTRACT

Resumen Este artículo tiene como objetivo discutir las concepciones de los Hombres Gay, Hombres Bisexuales y una Mujer Transgénero que usan o quieren usar profilaxis previa a la exposición por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana oral (PrEP) sobre nuevas vías de administración. Fueron entrevistados 17 usuarios del BCN Checkpoint. Las entrevistas fueron grabadas en audio, sometidas a análisis categorial temático teniendo en cuenta la perspectiva praxeográfica. Todos están adaptados al uso de la PrEP diaria y a demanda. En relación con las nuevas vías de administración (PrEP inyección intramuscular cada dos meses; pastilla mensual; inyección subcutánea cada seis meses) todos son muy receptivos a esas posibilidades, pero les falta información sobre las especificidades de cada una de ellas y una evaluación específica de sus necesidades. Tanto la satisfacción con el uso de PrEP oral, como las expectativas sobre las nuevas vías de administración son positivas. Sin embargo, lo más importante para los/a entrevistados/a es la garantía de que tendrán seguimiento para continuar cuidando de la salud afectivo-sexual, lo que no depende del tipo de vía de administración.


Abstract This article aims to discuss the expectations of Homosexual Men, Bisexual Men and a Transgender Woman, who use or want to use an oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) about PrEP modalities. Sixteen PrEP users, who are followed up in the BCN Checkpoint, were interviewed,. The interviews were audio-recorded, subjected to thematic categorical analysis within the theoretical framework from the praxiographic perspective. They are all adapted to the use of daily oral and event-based PrEP. In relation to the new PrEP modalities (monthly pill; intramuscular injection every two months; subcutaneous injection every six months), they are all very receptive to these possibilities, but they lack information on the specificities of each and specific assessment of their needs. Comments about the use of oral PrEP are positive, and expectations regarding the new PrEP modalities are visibly high. However, the most important thing for the interviewees is the guarantee that they will have follow-up appointments to continue taking care of their affective-sexual health, which is not dependent on the type of PrEP modalities.

7.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.);29(6): e02102023, Jun. 2024. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1557536

ABSTRACT

Resumo O artigo analisa as práticas de cuidado e o processo de revelação do diagnóstico a crianças e adolescentes vivendo com HIV/Aids. Foi realizado um estudo de caso em um ambulatório localizado em um hospital público do Rio de Janeiro (RJ), através de observação participante, entrevistas semiestruturadas com profissionais de saúde e consulta a documentos produzidos pelos profissionais. A análise, baseada na sociologia de Simmel e Goffman, aponta a revelação do diagnóstico como uma marca que acompanha todo o cuidado estabelecido com os usuários e dá luz a questões como o segredo, o estigma e as possíveis compreensões acerca da condição de saúde estabelecidas. Com isso, as relações institucionalizadas contribuem para um progressivo contato com a condição de portador de um estigma e fazem existir fases de uma carreira de doente protegido pela informação.


Abstract This article analyzes practices of care and the HIV diagnosis disclosure process to children and adolescents living with HIV/AIDS. A case study was conducted in an outpatient clinic located in a public hospital in Rio de Janeiro through participant observation, semi-structured interviews with health professionals, and the consultation of documents produced by the professionals. The analysis, based on the sociology of Simmel and Goffman, points to the revelation of the diagnosis as a hallmark that accompanies all the care established with users and sheds light on issues such as secrecy, stigma and the possible understandings about the health condition established. As a result, institutionalized relationships contribute to a progressive contact with the condition of bearing a stigma and enable phases of a patient's life protected by information to exist.

8.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; Medicina (B.Aires);84(2): 249-255, jun. 2024. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1564779

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción : La prevención combinada (PC) se con sidera la estrategia clave frente a la epidemia de HIV. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la percepción de riesgo de infección por HIV y el conocimiento sobre uso de antirretrovirales (ARV) para prevención, entre pacien tes que concurren a un consultorio de Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual (ITS). Métodos : Una encuesta sobre datos personales y percepción de riesgo de infección por HIV, conocimiento sobre profilaxis posterior a la exposición (PEP) y previa a la exposición (PrEP), fue administrada a pacientes al momento de aplicar dosis de penicilina para tratamiento de sífilis, o de extraer muestra de sangre para diagnós tico de ITS, entre mayo y diciembre, 2022. Resultados : De 100 personas encuestadas, 43 eran menores de 25 años, 67 reportaron sexo-género mascu lino y 33 femenino. Treinta de 91, (33%), percibían haber tenido en su vida algún riesgo de infección, 19 de ellas en el último año; 77/96 (80%) manifestaron no tener conocimiento sobre PEP, y 82/100, sobre PrEP. Solo 22% respondió que los antirretrovirales podrían brindar be neficio para prevenir el HIV; 26 (60%) de los 43 menores de 25 años, y 18 de los 57 ≥ 25 años (31.6%) respondieron haber tenido dos o más parejas sexuales el último año. No se observaron diferencias estadísticamente signifi cativas, relacionadas con género y grupo etario. Discusión : La baja percepción de riesgo de infección y del conocimiento sobre uso de antirretrovirales para prevención de HIV, evidencian las dificultades existentes en la implementación de prevención combinada (PEP-PrEP) en esta población.


Abstract Introduction : Combined prevention (CP) is considered the key strategy against the HIV epidemic. The objective of the study was to evaluate the perception of risk of HIV infection and the knowledge about the use of antiretro virals (ARV) for prevention, among patients who attend a Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) clinic. Methods : A survey on personal data and perception of risk of HIV infection, knowledge about post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), was administered to patients at the time of applying doses of penicillin for the treatment of syphilis, or when taking a blood sample for STI diagnosis, between May and December, 2022. Results : 100 persons were surveyed: 43 were under 25 years of age, 67 reported male sex-gender and 33 fe males. Thirty of 91 (33%) perceived they had had some risk of infection in their lives, 19 of them in the last year; 77/96 (80%) stated that they had no knowledge about PEP, and 82/100, about PrEP. Only 22 out of 100 responded that antiretrovirals could provide benefit in preventing HIV; 26 (60%) of the 43 patients <25 years of age, and 18 of the 57 ≥ 25 years (31.6%) responded they have had two or more sexual partners in the last year. No statistically significant differences were observed related to gender and age group. Discussion : The low perception of infection risk and knowledge about the use of antiretrovirals in HIV pre vention, show the existing difficulties for the imple mentation of combined prevention (PEP-PrEP) in this population.

9.
Saúde debate ; 48(141): e8986, abr.-jun. 2024. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1565849

ABSTRACT

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi compreender as representações sociais de jovens que vivem com o HIV. Estudo qualitativo, ancorado na Teoria das Representações Sociais, realizado com 16 jovens em acompanhamento ambulatorial. Os dados foram coletados entre maio e outubro de 2022, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada. Para o tratamento dos dados, empregou-se a técnica de análise lexical, operacionalizada com o auxílio do software Iramuteq. A representação fortemente associada ao diagnóstico de HIV está relacionada ao desconhecimento, preconceito e aceitação, apresentando, também, elementos positivos como recomeço. Classes: Diagnóstico positivo para o HIV: o 'eu' de agora; HIV em face do desconhecimento e do estigma; e Relações interpessoais: diálogo, acolhimento e respeito necessários aos jovens. Compreendeu-se que as representações sociais dos jovens com HIV refletem a sua condição na sociedade. Os dados deste estudo mostram que existem formas distintas de vivenciar o HIV, muitas vezes representadas pela fragilidade, pela resignação, e outras, pelo fortalecimento. A fim de minimizar a vulnerabilidade do jovem à exposição ao HIV e aos riscos de conviver com o estigma e preconceito social, fazem-se necessárias a adoção de estratégias de conscientização da sociedade sobre a doença e a ampliação da divulgação de políticas públicas que abarcam essa temática.


ABSTRACT This study was aimed at understanding the social representations of young people living with HIV. This is a qualitative study, based on the Social Representations Theory, carried out with 16 young people in outpatient follow-up. Data were collected between May and October 2022, through semi-structured interviews. For data processing, the lexical analysis technique was used, operationalized with the aid of the IRAMUTEQ software. The representation strongly associated with the diagnosis of HIV is related to lack of knowledge, prejudice and acceptance, also presenting positive elements such as a new beginning. Classes: Positive diagnosis for HIV: the new 'me'; HIV in the face of ignorance and stigma; and Interpersonal relationships: dialogue, acceptance and respect necessary for young people. It was understood that the social representations of young people with HIV reflect their condition in society. The data show that there are different ways of experiencing HIV, often represented by fragility, resignation, and other times by strengthening. In order to minimize the vulnerability of young people to exposure to HIV and the risks of living with stigma and social prejudice, it is necessary to adopt strategies to raise awareness about the disease and to expand the dissemination of public policies that cover this topic.

10.
Med. infant ; 31(2): 111-117, Junio 2024. Ilus, Tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, UNISALUD, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1566465

ABSTRACT

Desde 2007, el Servicio de Epidemiología e Infectología, ha implementado un programa de transición que busca optimizar la atención de los adolescentes con infección por el HIV durante el paso de la atención pediátrica a la de adultos. Objetivo: Describir las características clínicas, epidemiológicas, virológicas y psicosociales de los adolescentes con infección HIV atendidos en el Programa y analizar el proceso de transición. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio de cohorte retrospectivo. Se incluyeron a los adolescentes, atendidos en el Programa de Transición entre enero de 2019 y diciembre de 2023, en el Hospital Garrahan, con al menos un resultado de CV y CD4+ en ese período. Se obtuvo la información de la historia clínica electrónica y se analizaron variables clínicas, epidemiológicas, virológicas, terapéuticas y psicosociales. Resultados: Se incluyeron 124 pacientes. La vía de transmisión fue vertical en el 92,74% y el estadio clínico e inmunológico era avanzado. En el momento de la transición 77,4% se encontraban con supresión virológica y con recuperación inmunológica. El 55,6% ya realizó la transición a un centro de adultos, 31,4% continúan en el programa, 11,3% se perdieron en el seguimiento y 1,7% fallecieron. Se recopilaron los datos de 31 pacientes transferidos. La mediana de seguimiento fue de 2 años; 25 pacientes (80,6%) continúan en seguimiento. Conclusiones: A pesar de la pandemia de COVID-19, el programa logró la retención de los adolescentes con infección por HIV y una transferencia sostenida en el tiempo. Además de un programa de transición estructurado para garantizar una atención continua y de calidad, es necesario continuar evaluando la evolución postransición (AU)


Since 2007, the Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases Department has implemented a transition program to optimize the care of adolescents with HIV infection during their transition from pediatric to adult care. Objective: To describe the clinical, epidemiological, virological, and psychosocial characteristics of adolescents with HIV infection treated in the program and to analyze the transition process. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted. Adolescents followed in the Transition Program at Garrahan Hospital between January 2019 and December 2023, with at least one viral load and CD4+ result during that period, were included. Information was obtained from electronic medical records, and clinical, epidemiological, virological, therapeutic, and psychosocial variables were analyzed. Results: A total of 124 patients were included. The route of transmission was vertical in 92.74%, and the clinical and immunologic stage was advanced. At the time of transition, 77.4% were virologically suppressed and had achieved immunologic recovery. Of the patients, 55.6% had already transitioned to an adult center, 31.4% were still in the program, 11.3% were lost to follow-up, and 1.7% died. Data were collected from 31 transferred patients, with a median follow-up of 2 years; 25 patients (80.6%) remain in follow-up. Conclusions: Despite the COVID-19 pandemic, the program successfully retained HIVinfected adolescents and ensured sustained transition over time. In addition to a structured transition program to ensure continuous and quality care, it is necessary to continue evaluating post-transition outcomes (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Patient Care Team , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Continuity of Patient Care , Anti-Retroviral Agents/therapeutic use , Transition to Adult Care/organization & administration , Retrospective Studies , Cohort Studies
11.
Rev. invest. clín ; Rev. invest. clín;76(3): 145-158, May.-Jun. 2024. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1569956

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: The 5th edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Hematolymphoid Tumors recently defined immune deficiency/dysregulation (IDD)-associated-lymphoid-proliferations in HIV settings, where information is scarce, often gone under or misdiagnosed. Objectives: To describe the clinical picture, histopathology, and outcomes of IDD-associated-lymphoid-proliferations Epstein-Barr virus+ (EBV) in people living with HIV without organ transplantation, antiretroviral therapy (ART) treated. Methods: HIV+ patients diagnosed with IDD-associated-lymphoid-proliferations seen at an academic medical center in Mexico from 2016 to 2019 were included. Immunohistochemical studies, in situ hybridization, and polymerase chain reaction analysis for EBV and LMP1 gene deletions were performed and correlated with clinical data. Results: We included 27 patients, all men who have sex with men, median age 36 years (interquartile range [IQR] 22-54). The median baseline CD4+ T cells were 113/mL (IQR 89-243), the CD4+/CD8+ ratio was 0.15 (IQR: 0.09-0.22), and the HIV viral load was 184,280 copies/mL (IQR: 76,000-515,707). Twenty patients (74.07%) had IDD-associated-lymphoid-proliferations hyperplasia plasma cell type EBV+, 3 (11.1%) had hyperplasia mononucleosis-like type (IM-type), 1 patient (3.70%) had florid follicular hyperplasia, 3 (11.1%) IDD-associated-lymphoid-proliferations polymorphic type, and there were 22 cases (81.4%) of synchronic Kaposi Sarcoma. Two patients were diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma following a second positron emission tomography-computed tomography scan-guided biopsy. The median follow-up was 228 weeks (IQR 50-269); 6 patients died (22.2%) of causes unrelated to IDD-associated-lymphoid-proliferations related. Conclusion: IDD-associated-lymphoid-proliferations EBV+ occured in severely immunosuppressed HIV+ patients, a high percentage of whom had concomitant Kaposi sarcoma. The prognosis was good in patients treated only with ART.

12.
Enferm. foco (Brasília) ; 15: 1-5, maio. 2024.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1571921

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Relatar a experiência do uso do lúdico por meio do painel interativo como estratégia para adesão à terapia antirretroviral em crianças vivendo com HIV para auxiliar na gestão do cuidado. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, do tipo relato de experiência, utilizando material educativo, tipo painel interativo, para educação em saúde, no período de 2019 a 2023. A experiência na aplicação da tecnologia envolveu diferentes momentos, como definição do plano terapêutico, conhecimento do público-alvo, construção do painel interativo, implantação do painel interativo. Resultados: Identificou-se que algumas crianças apresentaram resistência em ingerir medicamento diariamente, na tentativa de elaborar formas diferenciadas para estimular crianças e familiares sobre a importância da TARV, como proposta inicial, optou-se por utilizar o lúdico como ferramenta de educação em saúde, assim, ocorreu à construção do painel interativo. Desta forma, o lúdico estimula percepção do indivíduo acerca do mundo e da complexidade deste, de forma simplificada, tornando-o mais inserido em questões complexas. Conclusão: A implementação de estratégias lúdicas educacionais por meio de tecnologias, nos serviços da saúde, pode auxiliar na adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso, melhorando a assistência e a qualidade de vida de crianças com HIV. (AU)


Objectives: Report the experience of using play through the interactive panel as a strategy for adherence to antiretroviral therapy in children living with HIV to assist in care management. Methods: Descriptive study, with a qualitative approach, of the experience report type, using educational material, interactive panel type, for health education, from 2019 to 2023. The experience in applying the technology involved different moments, such as defining the therapeutic plan, knowledge of the target audience, construction of the interactive panel, implementation of the interactive panel. Results: It was identified that some children were resistant to taking medication daily, in an attempt to develop different ways to encourage children and families about the importance of ART, as an initial proposal, it was decided to use play as a health education tool, thus, the construction of the interactive panel took place.In this way, play stimulates the individual's perception of the world and its complexity, in a simplified way, making them more involved in complex issues. Conclusions: The implementation of playful educational strategies, through technology, in health services, can help with adherence to drug treatment, improving care and quality of life for children with HIV. (AU)


Objetivos: Informar la experiencia de utilizar el juego a través del panel interactivo como estrategia de adherencia a la terapia antirretroviral en niños viviendo con VIH para coadyuvar en la gestión del cuidado. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, cualitativo, del tipo relato de experiencia, utilizándose del material educativo, tipo panel interactivo, para educación en salud, 2019-2023. La experiencia en la aplicación de la tecnología involucró diferentes momentos, como definición del plan terapéutico, conocimiento del público objetivo, construcción del panel interactivo, implementación del panel interactivo. Resultados: Se identificó que algunos niños presentaban resistencia a la toma diaria de medicamentos, en intento de desarrollar diferentes formas de incentivar a los niños y familias sobre la importancia de las TAR, como propuesta inicial se decidió utilizar el juego como herramienta de educación para salud, así se llevó a cabo la construcción del panel interactivo. De esta manera, el juego estimula la percepción que tiene el individuo del mundo y su complejidad, de forma simplificada, involucrándolo más en cuestiones complejas. Conclusiones: La implementación de estrategias educativas lúdicas, por tecnología, en los servicios de salud, puede ayudar con la adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico, mejorando la atención y calidad de vida de los niños con VIH. (AU)


Subject(s)
HIV , Pediatric Nursing , Health Education , Medication Adherence
13.
Geriatr Gerontol Aging ; 18: e0000097, Apr. 2024. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1566373

ABSTRACT

The progressive increase in HIV infection among older adults requires constant research and monitoring, given that geriatric syndromes associated with HIV comorbidities have become an important public health problem. We reported this systematic review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), and it has a central question: Is the incidence of cognitive impairment higher in older patients living with HIV than in their seronegative peers? The following databases were searched for this review: MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, LILACS, Web of Science, and Scopus. The inclusion criteria were studies whose samples were ≥ 50% patients aged ≥ 50 years, with and without HIV, and a main outcome related to the incidence of cognitive impairment. Only cohort studies with follow-up lasting ≥ 24 months were considered. Three reviewers independently screened the documents for eligibility criteria, extracted the data, assessed the risk of bias (Newcastle-Ottawa Scale), and evaluated the quality of evidence. A narrative synthesis was prepared. In total, 10 798 trials were screened, 8884 were excluded, 14 were analyzed, and 5 were included in this review. Only 1 applied cognitive assessment tests; the rest used secondary data from the medical records. Most found that the incidence of cognitive disorders was higher among older people living with HIV, which highlights the need for public policies aimed at primary and secondary prevention strategies. Further research from other countries is still required. PROSPERO register (CRD42022321914). (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Aged , HIV , Cognitive Dysfunction
14.
Rev. Psicol., Divers. Saúde ; 13(1)abr. 2024. tab
Article in Spanish, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1566822

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Discutir como se estabelece a indicação de tecnologias relacionais off-line e on-line como recurso de cuidado a Pessoas Vivendo com HIV/Aids (PVHA) por psicólogas/os atuantes em serviços especializados. MÉTODO: Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa e exploratória. Utilizamos a perspectiva da psicologia social construcionista, além das noções de tecnologias dura, leve-dura e leve e seu encontro com a perspectiva de tecnologias (materiais e não materiais) como mediadoras inventivas. Realizamos entrevistas semiestruturadas e submetemos os dados à análise categorial temática. RESULTADOS: Foram elaboradas duas categorias: tecnologias relacionais off-line e on-line. Tratam-se dos sentidos construídos em torno de estratégias para o cuidado de PVHA, que não são típicas da clínica psicológica clássica. CONCLUSÃO: Concluímos que o uso de tecnologias relacionais off-line e on-line no acompanhamento de PVHA sugere uma ampliação do repertório profissional das/dos psicólogas/os que trabalham em serviços especializados em HIV/Aids, porém, isso não demonstrou ocorrer de forma tão articulada no campo de atuação psicológica, em comparação às práticas psicológicas clássicas.


OBJECTIVE: To discuss how offline and online relational technologies are recommended as a care resource for People Living with HIV/Aids (PLWHA) by psychologists working in specialized services. METHOD: This is research with a qualitative and exploratory approach. We use the perspective of constructionist social psychology, in addition to the notions of hard, soft-hard and soft technologies and their encounter with the perspective of technologies (material and non-material) as inventive mediators. We carried out semi-structured interviews and submitted the data to thematic categorical analysis. RESULTS: Two categories were created: offline and online relational technologies. These are the meanings constructed around strategies for caring for PLWHA, which are not typical of classical psychological clinics. CONCLUSION: We conclude that the use of offline and online relational technologies in monitoring PLWHA suggests an expansion of the professional repertoire of psychologists working in specialized HIV/AIDS services, however, this has not been demonstrated to occur in a so articulated, in the field of psychological action, in comparison to classical psychological practices.


OBJETIVO: Discutir cómo las tecnologías relacionales offline y online son recomendadas como recurso de atención a las Personas que Viven con VIH/SIDA (PVVS) por parte de psicólogos que trabajan en servicios especializados. MÉTODO: Se trata de una investigación con un enfoque cualitativo y exploratorio. Utilizamos la perspectiva de la psicología social construccionista, además de las nociones de tecnologías duras, blandas-duras y blandas y su encuentro con la perspectiva de las tecnologías (materiales y no materiales) como mediadoras inventivas. Realizamos entrevistas semiestructuradas y sometimos los datos a análisis temático categórico. RESULTADOS: Se crearon dos categorías: tecnologías relacionales en línea y fuera de línea. Estos son los significados construidos en torno a estrategias de atención a las PVVS, que no son propias de las clínicas psicológicas clásicas. CONCLUSIÓN: Concluimos que el uso de tecnologías relacionales en línea y fuera de línea en el seguimiento de las PVVS sugiere una expansión del repertorio profesional de los psicólogos que trabajan en servicios especializados en VIH/SIDA, sin embargo, no se ha demostrado que esto ocurra de manera tan articulada en el campo de acción psicológica, en comparación con las prácticas psicológicas clásicas.


Subject(s)
Technology , Professional Practice , HIV
15.
Rev. chil. infectol ; Rev. chil. infectol;41(2): 311-315, abr. 2024. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1559674

ABSTRACT

El alelo HLA B*57:01 es un marcador genético asociado con la hipersensibilidad al fármaco anti-retroviral abacavir (ABC) y su frecuencia en la población peruana todavía es desconocida. El objetivo fue identificar el alelo HLA B*57:01 en una población militar de Lima, Perú. Se reclutaron 43 personas viviendo con VIH (PVV) quienes aceptaron participar a través de un consentimiento informado. La detección del alelo HLA B*57:01 se realizó mediante RPC en tiempo real (RT-PCR). Asimismo, se determinó la carga viral (CV), el recuento de linfocitos CD4 y la genotipificación del VIH. Se identificaron dos casos positivos al alelo HLA B*57:01 (4,7%). Además, uno de ellos presentó múltiples mutaciones de resistencia a los anti-retrovirales (ARV), incluyendo ABC. Se demostró por primera vez en el Perú la presencia del alelo HLA B*57:01.


The HLA B*57:01 allele is a genetic marker associated with hypersensitivity to the antiretroviral Abacavir (ABC) and its frequency in the Peruvian population is still unknown. The objective was to identify the HLA B*57:01 allele in a military population from Lima, Peru. Forty three people living with HIV (PLWH) were recruited, who agreed to participate through informed consent. Detection of the HLA B*57:01 allele was performed by real-time PCR (RT-PCR). Likewise, viral load (VL), CD4 lymphocyte count and HIV genotyping were determined. Two cases positive for the HLA B*57:01 allele (4.7%) were identified. In addition, one of them had multiple resistance mutations to antiretrovirals (ARVs), including ABC. The presence of the HLA B*57:01 allele was demonstrated for the first time in Peru.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , HIV Infections/genetics , Anti-HIV Agents/adverse effects , Drug Hypersensitivity/genetics , Military Personnel , Peru , HLA-B Antigens/genetics , Genetic Markers , HIV Infections/drug therapy , HIV/genetics , CD4 Lymphocyte Count , Viral Load/genetics , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Cyclopropanes/adverse effects , Drug Hypersensitivity/immunology , Alleles , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , Genotype
16.
Rev. chil. infectol ; Rev. chil. infectol;41(2): 248-258, abr. 2024. tab, graf, mapas
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1559680

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: En las cuatro décadas de la epidemia por VIH, se han observado avances notables que han contribuido a una disminución progresiva en la incidencia de nuevas infecciones y en la mortalidad a nivel mundial. Sin embargo, no ha ocurrido lo mismo en Latinoamérica y en Chile. OBJETIVO: Esta revisión tiene como objetivo conocer la epidemiología actual a nivel global, latinoamericano y chileno. METODOLOGÍA: Se analizaron los informes epidemiológicos oficiales de infección por VIH emitidos por organismos nacionales e internacionales, más los estudios epidemiológicos nacionales. RESULTADOS: Se estima que 39 millones de personas viven con VIH en el mundo; no obstante, la mortalidad y la incidencia de nuevos casos han disminuido de forma notoria durante las últimas dos décadas, asociado a una expansión en al acceso a terapia antirretroviral en forma global. A diferencia del resto del mundo, América Latina presenta una tendencia de alza en las nuevas infecciones y Chile registra un aumento de 35% en nuevos casos durante los últimos 10 años, coincidiendo con un aumento en los flujos de migrantes que ha afectado a la región. Algunas estrategias preventivas como la profilaxis pre exposición se han implementa-do a un ritmo lento, tanto a nivel mundial, como latinoamericano. CONCLUSIONES: La epidemiología del VIH presenta características propias regionales y nacionales. En particular en Chile, diversos factores incluyendo déficit en políticas públicas de prevención y los recientes flujos migratorios han modelado nuestra actual epidemia. El desafío presente debe contemplar los esfuerzos multisectoriales para lograr los objetivos de ONUSIDA en esta década.


BACKGROUND: Over the course of the last four decades of global HIV epidemic, significant improvements have contributed to gradually reduce the frequency of new infections and global mortality rates. However, in Latin America particularly in Chile, new infections continue increasing. AIM: This review aims to comprehend the_epidemiology today on a worldwide, Latin American, and Chilean scale. METHODS: National epidemiology studies and official HIV reports from international and national organizations were reviewed. RESULTS: It is estimated that 39 million people live with HIV worldwide; however, mortality and the incidence of new cases have decreased markedly over the last two decades, associated with an expansion in access to antiretroviral therapy globally. In contrast to the rest of the world, Latin America shows an upward trend in new infections, with Chile registering a 35% increase in new cases over the last 10 years, coinciding with an increase in migratory flows that has occurred throughout the region. Some preventive strategies, such as pre-exposure prophylaxis, have been implemented at a slow pace, both globally and in Latin America. CONCLUSIONS: The epidemiology of HIV has regional and national characteristics. Specifically in Chile, several factors, including deficits in public prevention policies and recent migratory flows, have shaped our current epidemic. The present challenge must contemplate multisectoral efforts to achieve the UNAIDS objectives during this decade.


Subject(s)
Humans , HIV Infections/epidemiology , HIV Infections/prevention & control , HIV Infections/drug therapy , HIV Infections/transmission , Chile/epidemiology , Global Health , Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical/statistics & numerical data , Anti-Retroviral Agents/therapeutic use , Latin America/epidemiology
17.
Rev. chil. infectol ; Rev. chil. infectol;41(2): 259-281, abr. 2024. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1559681

ABSTRACT

El enfrentamiento de las personas que viven con VIH es amplio y requiere dedicación en múltiples dimensiones, más allá de la terapia antirretroviral. Estas recomendaciones abordan el manejo desde el diagnóstico, primera visita, seguimiento, manejo de comorbilidades infecciosas y no infecciosas, tamizaje de neoplasias, profilaxis antimicrobiana y vacunas, entre otras.


Management of people living with HIV is broad and multiple dimensions must be considered, beyond antiretroviral therapy. These recommendations include management from diagnosis, first visit, patient follow-up, infectious and non-infectious comorbidities, malignancies screening, antimicrobial and immunizations prophylaxis, among others.


Subject(s)
Humans , HIV Infections/diagnosis , HIV Infections/therapy , Ambulatory Care/standards , Chile
18.
Invest. educ. enferm ; 42(1): 69-92, 20240408. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1554621

ABSTRACT

Objective. To determinate the educational interventions for reducing the stigma caused by HIV worldwide. Methods. This scoping review study analyzed all papers published from early 2000 to the end of 2022 by searching all the scientific databases, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane, Embase and CINHAL. The quality assessment of the papers was done using the ROBIS tool checklist. Results. 31papers were admitted to the scoping review process. Stigma reduction intervention was founded on three parts: Society, health and therapeutic services providers, and the patients who had HIV and their families. The interventions included education on the reduction of fear, and shame, observation of protective standards, conducting tests and treatment at the above levels, as well as the support provided by the society, policymakers, religious leaders and families of patients in economic, psychological and cultural terms, together with the establishment of social centres and organization of campaigns. Conclusion. The stigma associated with HIV is a significant obstacle before treatment, life expectancy and living quality of patients. Therefore, the stigma associated with this disease can be reduced, and the living quality of patients can be raised using approaches such as education of healthcare service providers and afflicted people, as well as economic, social, cultural, and psychological support.


Objetivo. Determinar las intervenciones educativas para reducir el estigma causado por el VIH en todo el mundo. Métodos. Revisión de alcance en el que se analizaron los artículos publicados desde 2000 a 2022 recuperados en las bases de datos científicas Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane, Embase y CINHAL. La evaluación de la calidad de los artículos se realizó mediante la lista de comprobación de la herramienta ROBIS. Resultados. Se admitieron 31 artículos. Las intervenciones para la reducción del estigma se basaron principalmente en tres componentes: La sociedad, los proveedores de los servicios de salud, y los pacientes con VIH y sus familias. Las intervenciones incluyeron la educación sobre la reducción del miedo y la vergüenza, la observación de las normas de protección, la realización de pruebas y el tratamiento en los niveles de atención, así como el apoyo prestado por la sociedad, los responsables políticos, los líderes religiosos y las familias de los pacientes en términos económicos, psicológicos y culturales, junto con la creación de centros sociales y la organización de campañas. Conclusión. El estigma asociado al VIH es un obstáculo importante ante el tratamiento, la esperanza y la calidad de vida de los pacientes. Por lo tanto, es posible reducir el estigma asociado a esta enfermedad y elevar la calidad de vida de los pacientes mediante enfoques como la educación de los proveedores de servicios sanitarios y de las personas afectadas; así como el apoyo económico, social, cultural y sicológico.


Objetivo. Analisar as intervenções educacionais implementadas para reduzir o estigma relacionado ao HIV. Métodos. A revisão de escopo analisou artigos publicados de 2000 a 2022 recuperados dos bancos de dados científicos Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane, Embase e CINHAL. A avaliação da qualidade dos artigos foi realizada usando a lista de verificação da ferramenta ROBIS. Resultados.31 artigos foram admitidos. As intervenções para redução do estigma baseavam-se principalmente em três componentes: Sociedade, prestadores de serviços de saúde e pacientes com HIV e suas famílias. As intervenções incluíram educação sobre a redução do medo e da vergonha, adesão a normas de proteção, testagem e tratamento nos níveis de atendimento, bem como apoio fornecido pela sociedade, formuladores de políticas, líderes religiosos e familiares dos pacientes em termos econômicos, psicológicos e culturais, juntamente com a criação de centros sociais e a organização de campanhas. Conclusão. O estigma associado ao HIV é um grande obstáculo ao tratamento, à esperança e à qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Portanto, é importante reduzir o estigma associado a esta doença e aumentar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes através de abordagens como a educação dos prestadores de cuidados de saúde e das pessoas afetadas; bem como apoio económico, social, cultural e psicológico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Health Education , HIV , Social Stigma , Systematic Review
19.
Int. j interdiscip. dent. (Print) ; 17(1): 6-10, abr. 2024. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1558087

ABSTRACT

Objective: Characterize HIV/AIDS Social stigma towards people with HIV/AIDS in a sample of dentistry students from Concepción. Materials and methods: Cultural adaptation and pre-test were developed for the Stigma and HIV/AIDS Scale in dental students. Researchers collected the data from the instrument, demographic (sex/age), and academic information (course/training in HIV/AIDS, knowing a person with HIV/AIDS, provision of dental services to people living with HIV/AIDS [PLHIV]). To characterize the sample, univariate and bivariate descriptive statistics were performed with absolute and relative frequencies; the reliability of the scale was assessed with Cronbach's alpha; the relationship between the quantitative and ordinal variables was analyzed with the Spearman correlation coefficient. Results: The final sample comprised 138 dental students, whereas most of them reported not having training in HIV/AIDS nor providing dental services to PLHIV. Stigma and HIV/AIDS Scale showed good reliability. Two items expressing that PLHIV must disclose their condition to health professionals so they can take precautions have the highest values. A weak inverse correlation was found between Stigma and the variables age and course. Conclusions: Dental school students from Universidad of Concepción have a low social stigma towards people with HIV/AIDS. Items regarding professional practice showed higher stigma levels.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Students, Dental , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome , HIV , Social Stigma
20.
Med. infant ; 31(1): 44-50, Marzo 2024. Ilus, Tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, UNISALUD, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1553048

ABSTRACT

El uso de antirretrovirales (ARV) en el embarazo, el parto y el recién nacido y la aplicación de tratamientos combinados en los niños se han asociado con una disminución del sida en pediatría y el aumento de la sobrevida. La introducción de los inhibidores de integrasa en una dosis diaria ha eliminado barreras para la adherencia, pero los medicamentos orales diarios continúan planteando problemas de privacidad y estigma. Las nuevas tecnologías de administración de los medicamentos y las nuevas drogas junto con la combinación de ARV y los anticuerpos ampliamente neutralizantes (bNAb), ofrecen un potencial de opciones futuras para el tratamiento pediátrico del HIV. Los bNAb son anticuerpos que pueden reconocer diferentes tipos de HIV, bloquear su entrada en las células sanas y ayudar a destruir las células ya infectadas, pueden administrarse por vía parenteral y constituyen un enfoque novedoso y seguro con potencial para el tratamiento y la prevención del HIV, incluida la transmisión vertical. En los lactantes que contraen HIV, los bNAb podrían ofrecer ventajas terapéuticas al reducir el reservorio del virus, mejorar la inmunidad adquirida y, en el futuro, proporcionar un camino hacia la cura funcional. Dentro de los ARV inyectables de acción prolongada, cabotegravir/ rilpivirina se ha incorporado en las guías internacionales de adultos y adolescentes tanto para el tratamiento como para la prevención. A medida que el tratamiento del HIV en adultos va evolucionando, es fundamental asegurar que los neonatos, lactantes, niños y adolescentes tengan acceso a las mejores opciones de tratamiento y prevención a lo largo de su vida (AU)


The use of antiretrovirals (ARVs) during pregnancy, delivery, and in the newborn and the use of combination therapy in children have been associated with a decrease in pediatric AIDS and increased survival. The introduction of once-daily integrase inhibitors has removed barriers to adherence, but daily oral medications continue to pose privacy and stigma issues. New drug delivery technologies and new drugs along with the combination of ARVs and broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) offer potential future options for pediatric HIV treatment. bNAbs are antibodies that can recognize different types of HIV, block their entry into healthy cells and help destroy already infected cells, can be delivered parenterally, and represent a novel and safe approach with potential for the treatment and prevention of HIV, including mother-to-child transmission. In infants who contract HIV, bNBAs could offer therapeutic advantages by reducing the viral reservoir, enhancing acquired immunity and, in the future, providing a pathway to a functional cure. Within the long-acting injectable ARVs, cabotegravir/rilpivirine has been incorporated into international guidelines for adults and adolescents for both treatment and prevention. As adult HIV treatment evolves, it is critical to ensure that newborns, infants, children and adolescents have access to the best treatment and prevention options throughout their lives (AU)


Subject(s)
HIV Infections/prevention & control , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Anti-Retroviral Agents/administration & dosage , Anti-Retroviral Agents/therapeutic use , Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical/prevention & control , Drug Compounding
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