ABSTRACT
El objetivo de la presente revisión fue analizar y compa- rar las publicaciones sobre la prevalencia de manifestaciones bucales de pacientes infectados por el Virus de la Inmuno- deficiencia Humana, Virus del Papiloma Humano y sífilis. Se seleccionaron los artículos más relevantes y se abordó la incidencia según sexo, edad, distribución geográfica y locali- zaciones anatómicas frecuentes. Se encontró que las lesiones orales más prevalentes producidas por el Virus de la Inmu- nodeficiencia Humana son la candidiasis oral, la leucoplasia vellosa y enfermedades periodontales, entre otras. La sífilis presentó una frecuencia de 7,5% de manifestaciones orales en la etapa primaria, 92,5% en la secundaria y rara vez lesio- nes en la terciaria. Las formas más prevalentes fueron parches mucosos, pápulas y úlceras. Las lesiones orales benignas rela- cionadas con el Virus del Papiloma Humano halladas fueron la verruga vulgar, el papiloma plano, el condiloma acuminado y la hiperplasia epitelial focal. La prevalencia de carcinomas orofaríngeos y orales fue del 33,6% y del 22,2% respectiva- mente. Se encontraron similitudes en el comportamiento se- xual y las vías de transmisión de las enfermedades analizadas, y se observó que son más prevalentes en adultos jóvenes de sexo masculino y en países en vías de desarrollo (AU)
The aim of this review was to analyze and compare pub- lications on the prevalence of oral manifestations in patients infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Human Pap- illoma Virus and syphilis. The most reliable studies were se- lected, and incidence was evaluated according to gender, age, geographic location and frequent anatomic sites. It was found that the most prevalent Human Immunodeficiency Virus oral lesions were oral candidiasis, hairy leukoplakia and perio- dontal diseases, among others. Syphilis had a 7.5% preva- lence of oral manifestations in the primary stage, 92.5% in the secondary, and rarely lesions in the tertiary. The most prevalent forms were mucous patches, papules and ulcers. The benign oral lesions related to the Human Papilloma Vi- rus were verruca vulgaris, squamous papilloma, condyloma acuminatum and multifocal epithelial hyperplasia. The preva- lence of oropharyngeal and oral carcinomas were 33.6% and 22.2%, respectively. Similarities were found in sexual behavior and transmis- sion routes of the diseases analyzed, which were more preva- lent among young adult males, and in developing countries (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Oral Manifestations , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/epidemiology , Mouth Mucosa/injuries , Periodontal Diseases , Candidiasis, Oral , Syphilis , Oropharyngeal Neoplasms , HIV Infections , Papillomavirus Infections , Age and Sex DistributionABSTRACT
O Papilomavírus humano (HPV) é um DNA vírus, não cultivável, pertencente à família Papillomaviridae, gênero Papillomavirus, espécie Human papillomavirus, que corresponde a uma das oito espécies incluídas no gênero. Pelo menos 150 subtipos diferentes de HPV já foram identificados, sendo que 25 têm sido detectados em lesões orais. Sua principal via de transmissão é a sexual, mas existe a possibilidade de transmissão por outras vias como: a sanguínea e canal do parto. Na mucosa oral, o HPV está relacionado com a patogênese de lesões verrucosas benignas (papiloma escamoso oral, verruga vulgar, condiloma acuminado e hiperplasia epitelial focal). O diagnóstico é dado pelo exame da lesão e confirmado pela biópsia. O tratamento, dependendo da lesão, pode ser clínico e/ou cirúrgico, obtendo a cura clínica, mas o vírus permanece no epitélio da mucosa mesmo após o tratamento. Para esta revisão, foi realizada busca bibliográfica sobre as manifestações orais associadas ao Papilomavírus Humano (HPV), seu diagnóstico, tratamento e profilaxia, por meio de busca de artigos científicos indexados nas bases de dados bibliográficos Scielo, LILACS, PubMed/MEDLINE e Bireme entre 1983 e 2015. Foram priorizadas as publicações em línguas inglesa e portuguesa. Considerando a relevância do tema para a melhor compreensão da infecção oral pelo HPV, o objetivo deste artigo é rever os aspectos de lesões orais associadas ao Papilomavírus humano, com ênfase nas características mais comumente encontradas e as possibilidades de diagnóstico e tratamento
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a DNA virus, not cultivable, belonging to the family Papillomaviridae, genus Papillomavirus, Human papillomavirus type which corresponds to one of eight species included in the genus. At least 150 subtypes of HPV have been identified, of which 25 have been detected in oral lesions. The main route of transmission is sexual, but there is the possibility of transmission by other routes such as blood and birth canal. In the oral mucosa, HPV is related to the pathogenesis of benign warty lesions (papilloma oral squamous, verruca vulgaris, condyloma acuminata and focal epithelial hyperplasia). The diagnosis is given by the examination of the lesion and confirmed by biopsy. The treatment, depending on the lesion, may be clinical and/or surgical, but the virus remains in the mucosal epithelium even after treatment. For this review, literature search was performed about oral manifestations associated with human papillomavirus (HPV), its diagnosis, treatment and prevention, through search of scientific articles indexed in bibliographic databases Scielo, LILACS, PubMed / MEDLINE and Bireme between 1983 and 2015. Prioritized up publications in English and Portuguese. Considering the relevance of the theme to a better understanding of oral HPV infection, the aim of this article is to review aspects of oral lesions associated with human papillomavirus, with emphasis on the most commonly found characteristics and diagnostic and treatment options